The Processes of Perception and Cognition

-The Dialogic Organization Development Approach to Transformation and Change
-The Santiago Theory of Cognition, Humberto R. Maturana
-Andy Clark (PhD), Cognitive Philosophy: Predictive Processing

Transcript

1. “Human Beings Do Not Perceive Their Reality” Kim Petersen, Ph.D.
2. Peter Senge
3. “Human Beings Do Not Perceive Their Reality” …RATHER “We See the World We Know How to Perceive”
4. By specifying which perturbations from the environment trigger its changes, the system ‘brings forth a world’, as Maturana and Varela put it. Cognition, then, is not a representation of an independently existing world, but rather a continual bringing forth of a world through the process of living. (Capra, 1996, p. 260; italics in the original)
5. • “Perception is a Reflection of our History” ~Senge • “The Living System Interacts With Its Environment so as to Bring Forth Something in our Species called, ‘AWARENESS’” ~Senge • “WE CREATE a Reality; We bring FORTH a reality” ~Humberto
6. How do we get people to perceive our world?
7. What Are the Implications of these Statements on Cognition and Perception? How Does it Impact You?? “Human Beings Do Not Perceive Their Reality” …RATHER “We See the World We Know How to Perceive”
8. SO WHAT? What is the structure of beliefs, orientations, and ways of interpreting the world that is leading this person to describe things in this particular way or to use those specific word phrases and images? What words and phrases might we use in return to get “in sync with,” or confront, or alter the client’s inner perceptions and assumptions that may be limiting their choice(s), and are often deeply held or even out- of-awareness?
9. SO WHAT? How Do we effectively use aspects of language to help clients better assess the ways they are conceptualizing and addressing their situations, opportunities, dilemmas, and difficulties?
10. The Dialogic Organization Development Approach to Transformation and Change
12. Eight Key Premises that Shape the Dialogic OD Mindset 1. Reality and relationships are socially constructed. 2. Organizations are meaning making systems. 3. Language, broadly defined, matters. 4. Creating change requires changing conversations. 5. Groups and organizations are inherently self-organizing. 6. Increase differentiation in participative inquiry and engagement before seeking coherence. 7. Transformational change is more emergent than planned. 8. Consultants are a part of the process, not apart from the process.
15. The Santiago Theory of Cognition Humberto R. Maturana "Living systems are cognitive systems, and living as a process is a process of cognition. This statement is valid for all organisms, with or without a nervous system.”
16. Andy Clark (PhD) Cognitive Philosophy: Predictive Processing ➢Unlike the the “smart camera view” that spends large amounts of energy on processing incoming sensory signals, the bulk of the brain is learning and maintaining a kind of model of body and will. ➢That is, these predictions the brain creates help structure everything we see, hear, touch, and feel. ➢A predictive brain is a kind of constantly running simulation of the world around us - or at least, the world as it matters to us. ➢ Predictive Processing: The brain is in a constant predictive state always thriving to predict what the world might currently have to offer.
17. Clark, A. (2023). The Experience Machine: How Our Minds Predict and Shape Reality. Pantheon. Jackson, M. C. (2024). Critical Systems Thinking: A Practitioner's Guide. John Wiley & Sons Maturana, H. R., & Varela, F. J. (1991). Autopoiesis and cognition: The realization of the living (Vol. 42). Springer Science & Business Media. Maturana, H. (2012). Reflections on my collaboration with Francisco Varela. Constructivist Foundations, 7(3). Senge, P https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=B0bvJWqVhDY