tidyverse tutorial 2

tidyverse 超入門 2
講義用資料

Transcript

1. σʔλղੳͱલॲཧᶘ .
   ࠇ໦༟ୋ
   !FEUVTBDKQ
2. ໨࣍  3FWJFX
   
   &YFSDJTF
    +PJO
    5JEZ
   %BUB !2
3. ຊ೔࢖༻͢Δσʔλ TUBSXBST
   w ελʔ΢Υʔζͷొ৔ਓ෺ʹؔ͢Δσʔλ
   IUUQTXBQJDP
   qJHIUT
   w ೥ʹ
   -("
   +',
   &83
   Λग़ൃͨ͢͠΂ͯͷϑϥΠτͷఆࠁσʔλ
   XFBUIFS
   w -("
   +',
   &83
   ͷఱީ΍෩ͷ৘ใ
   ࣌ؒ͝ͱ
   BJSMJOFT
   w ߤۭձࣾͷςʔϒϧ !3
4. 3FWJFX
   
   &YFSDJTF
5. %BUB
   'SBNF
   ͷجຊૢ࡞
   EQMZS w ม਺
   ྻ
   ͷநग़
   w ؍ଌ
   ߦ
   ͷநग़
   w ؍ଌ
   ߦ
   ͷฒͼସ͑
   w ৽ͨͳม਺
   ྻ
   ͷ࡞੒
   w ूܭ
   w άϧʔϓԽ !5 • select() • filter() • arrange() • mutate() • summarise() • group_by()
6. ࢖͍ํ w ୈҾ਺ʹ͸σʔλϑϨʔϜΛ༩͑Δ
   w ୈҾ਺Ҏ߱Ͱ͸ྻ໊ΛΫΦʔςʔγϣϯແ͠Ͱ༩͑Δ
   w ໭Γ஋͸৽ͨͳσʔλϑϨʔϜ
   %>%ͱ߹Θͤͯര଎σʔλϋϯυϦϯάʂʂ !6
7. ԋश qJHIUTσʔλʹؔͯ͠ɺҎԼͷ໰୊ʹ౴͑Α
    ඈߦڑ཭͕࠷௕Ͱ͋Δศͷग़ൃ஍ͱ໨త஍͸Ͳ͔͜
    ౸ண࣌ࠁͷ஗Ε͕ݦஶͳߤۭձࣾ͸Ͳ͔͜
    ग़ൃ࣌ࠁͱ౸ண࣌ࠁͷ஗Ε͕ݦஶͳߤۭձࣾ͸Ͳ͔͜
    Կ࣌ൃͷඈߦػ͕࠷΋ଟ͍͔
    ߤۭձࣾͷൟ๩ظ͸͍͔ͭ
    શͯͷߦͰ
   dep_time - sched_dep_time = dep_delay
   ͱͳ͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱΛ֬ೝ ͤΑ !7 # ύοέʔδ͔ΒಡΈࠐΉ library(nycflights13) data(flights)
8. +PJO
9. +PJO ͭͷςʔϒϧΛ
   LFZΛ΋ͱʹ݁߹͢Δૢ࡞
   w ʮֶੜͷݸਓ৘ใςʔϒϧʯ
   w ʮतۀͷ৘ใςʔϒϧʯ
   w ʮཤमɾ੒੷ςʔϒϧʯ
   LFZ
   w ʮֶੜʯ ʮ੒੷ʯɿLFZ
   ͸ֶ੶൪߸
   w ʮतۀʯ ʮཤमʯɿLFZ
   ͸तۀ
   *% !9 ʮਓɾतۀɾ੒੷ͷςʔϒϧʯ
10. +PJO
    ͷछྨ w Y
    ͱ
    Z
    Λ
    +PJO͍ͨ͠
    w ΋ͬͱ΋୯७ͳͷ͸
    *OOFS
    KPJO
    w ॏෳ͢Δ
    LFZ
    ͚ͩ࢒͢ !10 ग़యɿIUUQTSETIBEDPO[
11. w -FGU
    KPJO
    w Y
    ͷLFZΛશͯ࢒͢
    w 3JHIU
    KPJO
    w Z
    ͷLFZΛશͯ࢒͢
    w 'VMM
    KPJO
    w ྆ํͷ
    LFZ
    Λશͯ࢒͢ !11 ग़యɿIUUQTSETIBEDPO[
12. **_join()ͷ࢖͍ํ inner_join(band_members, band_instruments,
 by = “name”) left_join(band_members, band_instruments2,
 by = c(“name” = “artist”)) !12 > band_members name band 1 Mick Stones 2 John Beatles 3 Paul Beatles > band_instruments name plays 1 John guitar 2 Paul bass 3 Keith guitar > band_instruments2 artist plays 1 John guitar 2 Paul bass 3 Keith guitar
13. ࿅श໰୊  inner_join(), left_join(), right_join(), full_join()
    
 ͦΕͧΕͷग़ྗ݁ՌΛ༧૝͠
    ࣮ࡍʹಈ͔ͯ֬͠ೝͤΑ
     qJHIUT
    σʔλͱ
    BJSMJOFT
    σʔλΛ
    DBSSJFS
    ྻͰ݁߹ͤΑ
     qJHIUT
    σʔλͱ
    XFBUIFS
    σʔλΛ
    PSJHJO
    ZFBS
    NPOUI
    EBZ
    IPVS ྻͰ݁߹ͤΑ !13
14. 5JEZ
    %BUB
15. UJEZ
    EBUB
    ͖ͪΜͱͨ͠σʔλ ఆٛʢग़యɿIUUQTSETIBEDPO[ʣ
    w Ұͭͷྻʹ͸Ұͭͷม਺
    BUPNJD
    WFDUPS
    w Ұͭͷߦʹ͸Ұͭͷ؍ଌ
    w Ұͭͷηϧʹ͸Ұͭͷ஋
    w ݸʑͷ؍ଌ͸શͯಉ͡ܗΛ͍ͯ͠Δ
    σʔλϑϨʔϜ͸্هΛຬͨ͢Α͏ʹ࡞Ζ͏
    ˞ߦ໊ʢSPXOBNFTʣ͸࢖ΘͣʹJOEFY΍JEͷྻΛ࡞Ζ͏ !15
16. NFTTZ
    EBUB w Α͘ݟΔܗ
    w ਓؒʹ͸Θ͔Γ΍͍͢
    ʮԣ࣋ͪܗʯ
    w Ұͭͷྻʹ͸Ұͭͷม਺
    ˚
    w Ұͭͷߦʹ͸Ұͭͷ؍ଌ
    ✖
    w Ұͭͷηϧʹ͸Ұͭͷ஋
    ̋ !16 ஍఺ 12࣌ 15࣌ 17࣌ ౦ژ ‗ ‘ ‘ ໊ݹ԰ ‗ ‗ ‘ େࡕ ‘ ‘ ‘ ྻ໊ ߦ໊
17. NFTTZ
    EBUB w Α͘ݟΔܗ
    w ਓؒʹ͸Θ͔Γ΍͍͢
    ʮԣ࣋ͪܗʯ
    w Ұͭͷྻʹ͸Ұͭͷม਺
    ˚
    w Ұͭͷߦʹ͸Ұͭͷ؍ଌ
    ✖
    w Ұͭͷηϧʹ͸Ұͭͷ஋
    ̋ !17 ஍఺ 12࣌ 15࣌ 17࣌ ౦ژ ‗ ‘ ‘ ໊ݹ԰ ‗ ‗ ‘ େࡕ ‘ ‘ ‘ ஍఺ ࣌ࠁ ఱؾ
18. UJEZ
    EBUB w ղੳͰѻ͍΍͍͢
    w ׳Εͳ͍͏ͪ͸ݟʹ͍͘ʁ
    ʮॎ࣋ͪܗʯ
    w Ұͭͷྻʹ͸Ұͭͷม਺
    ̋
    w Ұͭͷߦʹ͸Ұͭͷ؍ଌ
    ̋
    w Ұͭͷηϧʹ͸Ұͭͷ஋
    ̋ !18 ஍఺ ࣌ࠁ ఱؾ ౦ژ ࣌ ‗ ໊ݹ԰ ࣌ ‗ େࡕ ࣌ ‘ ౦ژ ࣌ ‘ ໊ݹ԰ ࣌ ‗ େࡕ ࣌ ‘
19. NFTTZ
    Š
    UJEZ !19
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    ྻ໊ʹͳͬͯ͠·͍ͬͯͨม਺໊
    
    
    Λ
 ৽͍͠
    ZFBS
    ͱ͍͏ม਺ʹ͢Δ
20. UJEZ
    Š
    NFTTZ !20
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
21. 3
    Ͱͷॎԣม׵ !21 ॎ࣋ͪ
    ԣ࣋ͪ spread() gather() gather(df, key = “ྻ໊ʹདྷ͍ͯͨม਺Λ֨ೲ͢Δ৽ͨͳม਺໊”, value = “ෳ਺ͷྻʹ·͕͍ͨͬͯͨม਺Λ·ͱΊΔ৽ͨͳม਺໊”, - ม׵ʹߟྀ͠ͳ͍ྻ໊) spread(df, key, value, fill = ޿͛ͨͱ͖ܽଌʹͳΔͱ͜ΖΛຒΊ͍ͨ஋)
22. ࿅श໰୊  ҎԼͷίʔυͰ
    TUPDLT
    ٖࣅతͳऩӹ཰σʔλ
    Λ࡞Γ
    ॎ௕ʹͤΑ
    stocks <- data.frame( time = as.Date('2009-01-01') + 0:9, X = rnorm(10, 0, 1), Y = rnorm(10, 0, 2), Z = rnorm(10, 0, 4) )  ΋ͱʹ໭ͤ !22
23. ࣍ճ·Ͱͷ՝୊
24. ՝୊ 1. ࠷΋ؾԹ͕ߴ͍தग़ൃͨ͠ศΛ೺ѲͤΑ 2. ଌఆ͞Εͨσʔλͷ͏ͪɺϘʔΠϯάࣾͷඈߦػ͸ԿճඈΜͰ͍Δ͔ 3. ඈߦػʹ࠾༻͞Ε͍ͯΔΤϯδϯͷछྨ͝ͱʹɺ1ճ͋ͨΓͷฏۉඈ ߦڑ཭Λࢉग़ͤΑ 4. ୹ڑ཭ or ௕ڑ཭ʹಛԽ͍ͯ͠Δߤۭձࣾ͸͋Δ͔ɻ͋ΔͳΒ͹ɺ൑அ ཧ༝΋ड़΂Αɻ 5. ౦ʹ޲͔ͬͯඈͿศͱ੢ʹ޲͔ͬͯඈͿศͷͲͪΒ͕ଟ͍͔ (ඈߦػ ͸໨త஍ʹ޲͔ͬͯ௚ਐ͢Δ΋ͷͱ͢Δ) 6. ग़ൃ࣌ͷ࣪౓ͱɺग़ൃͷ஗Ԇʹ૬ؔ͸͋Δ͔ !24
25. Α͋͘Δ࣭໰ w σʔλαΠΤϯεͷԿָ͕͍͠ʁ
    w σʔλ͔Β஌ݟΛಘΔ
    ͱ͍͏खଓ͖͕ԿΑΓ΋ָ͍͠
    ࢲݟ
    w Ծઆɾݕূ͕ΩϨΠʹܾ·ͬͨͱ͖͕ؾ͍͍࣋ͪ
    w ೥ੜͷ͏ͪ͸ԿΛͨ͠Βྑ͍ʁ
    w جૅ
    ౷ܭֶ
    ࠷దԽ
    ઢܗ୅਺
    FUD
    ΛΩϟονΞοϓ͢Δ࣌ؒ͸ࠓޙͳ͘ͳͬͯ ͍͘
    
    w ڵຯͷ͋Δσʔλ
    ڝഅ
    εϙʔπ
    FUD
    Λର৅ʹ
    ෼ੳΛֶΜͰ͍͘ͷ΋ྑ͍͔ ΋
    ָ͠Ήͷ͕Ұ൪
    
    w 3
    ͕೉͍͠
    w ؆୯
    ΍ͦ͞͠͏ͳࢀߟॻΛݟͯΈΔͷ΋˕ !25