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How We Foster Reliability in Diversity
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Narimichi Takamura
May 14, 2022
Technology
14
13k
How We Foster Reliability in Diversity
SRE NEXT 2022 の基調講演の資料です。
https://sre-next.dev/2022/schedule#kc01
Narimichi Takamura
May 14, 2022
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Transcript
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Motivation • اۀͷઓུαʔϏεɺจԽͳͲͷݻ༗ͷίϯςΩετ͕͋Δ தͰɺͲͷΑ͏ʹ৫ʹ SRE Λ࣮ફ͢ΔͱΑ͍͔ • αʔϏεΛऔΓר͘ڥͷมԽʹରͯ͠ SRE ͳʹ͕Ͱ͖Δͷ
͔ => ৫ʹదͨ͠ SRE Λఆٛ͠ɺҭ͍ͯͯͨ͘ΊͷऔΓΈΛհ ͠ͳ͕Βɺଟ༷ੑͱͱʹ SRE ͕ͲͷΑ͏ʹาΜͰ͍͔͘ ʹ͍ͭ ͓ͯ͠·͢ɻ 7
8
9
ٻΊΒΕΔ SRE ͷଟ༷Խ 10
SRE ͕ଟ༷Խ͢Δཧ༝ • ৫͝ͱʹ৴པੑͷఆ͕ٛҟͳΔͨΊ • ৴པੑࣄۀઓུγεςϜಛੑͳͲ༷ʑͳཁૉ͕Өڹ͢Δ • αʔϏεΛऔΓרͯ͘͢ͷཁૉ͕ಉ͡ʹͳΔ͜ͱͳ͍ • ৴པੑͷܭଌํ๏ඪɺͦͷୡํ๏ʹ͍ͨΔશ͕ͯಉ
͡ʹͳΔ͜ͱͳ͍ • → SRE ΛҰ༷ʹ࣮ફ͢Δ͚ͩͰ͏·͍͔͘ͳ͍ 11
ྫ: ϓϩμΫτͷϑΣʔζʹΑΔ৴པੑͷҧ͍ 12
ྫ: γεςϜಛੑʹΑΔ৴པੑͷҧ͍ 13
it's a marathon, not a sprint1 1 With SRE, failing
to plan is planning to fail 14
Why is SRE a marathon? • ٕज़తͳ໘ͱਓؒతͳ໘ʢจԽϓϩηεͳͲʣͷ՝͕͍͘ ͭંΓॏͳ͍ͬͯΔ • νʔϜϦʔμʔܦӦΛר͖ࠐΉඞཁ͕͋Δ
• ex. Ϧιʔεʢਓ͓ۚʣΛ৴པੑ࣮ݱͷͨΊʹׂΓͯΔ • ex. ࣗ෦த৺తͳߟ͑ํΛ͠ɺSRE ͷจԽతݪଇΛҭΉ → SRE ৫ͷมֵ͏ͷͰ͋ΓɺҰேҰ༦Ͱ͠ಘͳ͍ 15
16
৫ʹదͨ͠ SRE ͷ࣮ફ ͲͷΑ͏ʹߦ͏ͱΑ͍͔ 17
SRE ͷ࣮ફʹ͓͚Δॏཁͳ5ͭͷεςοϓ23 1. ࣮ફʹඞཁͳใΛूΊΔ 2. খ࢝͘͞Ίͯɺ܁Γฦ͢ 3. νʔϜΛࢧԉ͢Δ 4. ֶΜͩ͜ͱΛεέʔϧ͢Δ
5. σʔλυϦϒϯܕͷϚΠϯυηοτΛ۩ମԽ͢Δ => ͍͖ͳΓϓϥΫςΟε࣮ફΛ͢ΔͷͰͳ͘ɺঢ়گѲ͔Β͡ΊΔ => ࠷ऴతʹɺ৫͕ࣗతʹ SRE Λ࣮ફͰ͖Δঢ়ଶΛࢦ͢ 3 Four steps to jumpstarting your SRE practice 2 The Professional Scrum Product Owner Book 18
SLI/SLO ʹ͓͚Δεςοϓͷ࣮ફྫ εςοϓ ۩ମྫ ࣮ફʹඞཁͳใΛूΊΔ ৴པੑʹؔ͢Δ՝ΛѲɺࣄۀऀΤϯδχΞ Ϧϯά৫ͷϦʔμʔΛಛఆ͢Δ খ࢝͘͞Ίͯɺ܁Γฦ͢ ݫີͳ SLI/SLO
Λఆٛͤͣɺখ͞ͳαʔϏεɾνʔϜ Λରʹ͡ΊͯΈΔ νʔϜΛࢧԉ͢Δ Embbedded SRE Λ༻͍֤ͯνʔϜͰ SLI/SLO Λ࣮ફ͢ Δ ֶΜͩ͜ͱΛεέʔϧ͢Δ ษڧձͷ։࠵ɺSRE Ξϯόαμʔͷ໋ͳͲʹΑͬͯ ద༻ൣғΛ֦େ͢Δ σʔλυϦϒϯܕͷϚΠϯυηοτΛ۩ମԽ͢Δ SLI/SLO ͷվળΛ௨ͯ͠ଌఆͷΧϧνϟʔΛৢ͢Δ 19
5ͭͷεςοϓʹΑΔ৫ͷมԽ • ʮঢ়گѲʯˠʮখ࣮͘͞ફʯˠʮࢧԉʯˠʮՁೝࣝΛΞο ϓσʔτʯˠʮ৫શମ͕ೳಈతʹ࣮ફʯͷྲྀΕ • → ৫શମͷߦಈ͚ͩͰͳ͘ɺՁ؍มԽ͍ͯ͠Δ • ࣮ફ͢ΔϓϥΫςΟεʹΑͬͯɺՁೝࣝͷΞοϓσʔτҎ ߱ͷఔ͕ԕ͘ײ͡Δ......
• → ߦಈݪཧͷཧΛͯΊΔ͜ͱͰ൫໘ཧ͕Ͱ͖ͦ͏ 20
৫ͷණࢁϞσϧ • ߦಈݪཧʹؔ͢ΔණࢁͷϝλϑΝʔ • ʹݟ͍͑ͯΔණΑΓԿഒେ͖͍ණ ͕ਫ໘Լʹଘࡏ͢Δ • Լ্ͷཁҼʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ • ex.
ߦಈΛܾΊΔͷϙϦγʔ • ex. ϙϦγʔΛܾΊΔͷՁ؍ • ্ม͑͘͢ɺԼม͑ʹ͍͘ • ৫มֵɺ্͔ΒͪΖΜɺԼ͔Βͷ Ξϓϩʔνॏཁ 21
SRE ͷϓϥΫςΟεͱණࢁϞσϧ 22
SRE ࣮ફʹ͓͚ΔΈ • SLI/SLO ͳͲͷϓϥΫςΟεͷ࣮ફɺLevel 1,2 Λ܁Γฦ͠มߋ͠ͳ͕ Βɺ࠷ऴతʹՁ؍ΛΞοϓσʔτ͍ͯ͘͠औΓΈͱ͍͑Δ • Level
1,2 ͷࣄྫ૿͖͍࣮͑ͯͯͯફʹऔΓֻ͔Γ͍͢ • ͔͠͠ɺ্هͷऔΓΈ͚ͩͰ Level 3 ͷมԽʹ౸ୡ͠ͳ͍͜ͱ͕͋Δ • ৗͷۀมΘΔ͕ɺࣗతͳ SRE ࣮ફʹڑ͕͋Δ • => Level 3 ʹରͯ͠ͳʹ͔Ξϓϩʔν͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍͔ 23
Level 3 ͷΞϓϩʔν => SRE ͷํੑɾՁ؍Λ໌֬ʹ͢Δ 24
ͲͷΑ͏ʹํੑɾՁ؍Λ໌֬ʹ͢Δ͔ • ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫϛογϣϯɾϏδϣϯɾόϦϡʔΛར༻ • খ͘͞͡ΊΔͨΊʹ SREs ͷΈΛର • CTO
EM ͳͲɺ৫ͷϦʔμʔΛר͖ࠐΜͰ࣮ࢪ 25
SRE ͷϏδϣϯɾϛογϣϯɾόϦϡʔΛఆٛ͢Δ εςοϓ ۩ମྫ ࣮ફʹඞཁͳใΛूΊΔ اۀɾ৫ͷίϯςΩετΛѲ͢Δ খ࢝͘͞Ίͯɺ܁Γฦ͢ MVV Λ࡞͠ɺSREs ʹߜͬͯӡ༻͠ͳ͕ΒվળΛੵ
ΈॏͶΔ νʔϜΛࢧԉ͢Δ Embbedded SRE Λ༻͍ͯɺ֤νʔϜͰ SRE ͷ࣮ફΛ͢ Δ ֶΜͩ͜ͱΛεέʔϧ͢Δ MVV Λϕʔεʹͨ͠Ձ؍ͷڞ༗ํੑͷ͢Γ߹Θ ͤΛߦ͏ σʔλυϦϒϯܕͷϚΠϯυηοτΛ۩ମԽ͢Δ SRE ͷ࣮ફʹؔ͢Δ KPI ΛఆΊɺଌఆͷΧϧνϟʔΛ ৢ͢Δ 26
اۀɾ৫ίϯςΩετΛѲ͢Δ 27
લఏ: ձࣾͱ SREs ͷ MVV Λ߹ͤ͞Δ 28
ͲͷΑ͏ʹاۀɾ৫ίϯςΩετͷѲ͢Δ͔ • اۀ৫Λද͢มΛͯ͢ચ͍ग़ͨ͠Γɺܭଌ͢Δ͜ͱ ࠔ • → اۀ׆ಈΛ၆ᛌతʹଊ͑ͳ͕ΒɺSRE ʹӨڹͷ͋Δओཁͳม Λཧ͢Δ 29
اۀ׆ಈͷશମ૾ 30
اۀ׆ಈͷશମ૾ 31
اۀ׆ಈͷநԽ 32
৫ͷίϯςΩετʹ͓͚Δओཁͳม 1. اۀํʹؔ͢ΔίϯςΩετ 2. αʔϏεʹؔ͢ΔίϯςΩετ 3. ৫ʹؔ͢ΔίϯςΩετ 33
اۀํͷίϯςΩετͷѲ ֬ೝର ۩ମతͳΠϯϓοτྫ ؍ ձࣾͷํੑ ϛογϣϯɺϏδϣ ϯɺόϦϡʔʹؔ͢Δ ࢿྉ Ͳ͜ʹ͔͍ͬͯ͘ͷ ͔ɺͳʹΛେʹͯ͠
͍Δͷ͔ ࣄۀઓུ IRɺ͚ࣾͷΩοΫ Φϑࢿྉ ݱࡏͷձࣾͷϑΣʔ ζɺࣄۀͷઓུΛ ͑Δ 34
αʔϏεͷίϯςΩετͷѲ ֬ೝର ۩ମతͳΠϯϓοτྫ ؍ αʔϏε༰ αʔϏεઆ໌ࢿྉɺ࣮ࡍʹ ͬͯΈΔ ͲͷΑ͏ͳαʔϏεͳͷ͔ αʔϏεߏ γεςϜߏਤɺ։ൃϑϩ
ʔɺϦϦʔεϓϩηε ͲͷΑ͏ͳΈͳͷ͔ɺ ͲͷΑ͏ʹ։ൃ͞Ε͍ͯΔ ͷ͔ αʔϏε՝ Πϯγσϯτͷཤྺɺγε ςϜʹ͓͚Δॏཁͳ՝ ͳʹ͕ʹͳͷ͔ 35
৫ͷίϯςΩετͷѲ ֬ೝର ۩ମతͳΠϯϓοτྫ ؍ ৫ߏ ৫ਤɺνʔϜͷׂ આ໌ࢿྉ ͲͷΑ͏ͳνʔϜ͕͋ Δͷ͔ɺΩʔϚϯ୭ ͳͷ͔
৴པੑͷҙࣝ ϚΠϯυηοτΛௐࠪ ͢Δ ৴པੑ͕Ͳͷ͘Β͍׆ ಈʹӨڹ͕͋Δͷ͔ 36
ิ: ৫ͷ৴པੑͷϚΠϯυηοτ ৴པੑʹؔ͢Δ৫ͷϚΠϯυηοτ5ͭʹྨͰ͖Δ4 ϑΣʔζ આ໌ Absent ৫ʹͱͬͯ৴པੑޙճ͠ʹͳ͍ͬͯΔঢ়ଶ Reactive ۙͰੜͨ͡৴པੑͷͷϑΥϩʔ͕ߦΘΕΔ͕ɺγεςϜͷظత ͳࢿ΄΅ͳ͍
Proactive ఆظతͳ৫ϓϩηεΛ௨ͯ͡જࡏతͳ৴པੑϦεΫ͕ಛఆ͞Εରॲ͞Ε Δ Strategic ΞʔΩςΫνϟɺϓϩμΫτɺϓϩηεΛମܥతʹมߋ͢Δ͜ͱͰϦεΫ ͷΫϥεཧ͢Δ Visionary ৴པੑͷ࠷ߴҐʹ౸ୡ͓ͯ͠Γɺ৴པੑͷ෯͍औΓΈΛϕετϓϥ ΫςΟεΑͼܦݧʹج͍ͮͯࣾ֎ͰਪਐͰ͖Δ 4 What’s your org’s reliability mindset? Insights from Google SREs 37
SREs ͷ MVV Λ࡞͢Δ 38
MVV ࡞ͷεςοϓ 1. CTOɺEMɺSREs ͷώΞϦϯά • ແҙࣝతʹ༏ઌ͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱ • ॏཁʹ͍ͯ͠ΔՁ؍ •
γεςϜϫʔΫϑϩʔͷϕετέʔεͷ͢Γ߹Θͤ 2. ͖ͨͨΛ࡞ • લஈͰ४උͨ͠ίϯςΩετͱώΞϦϯάΛͱʹ࡞ 3. ϨϏϡʔ & मਖ਼ • Google Docs Λར༻͠ɺSREνʔϜϨϏϡʔΛඇಉظͰߦ͏ • େ͕Ͱ͖ͨΒɺ͏ݴ༿ͷબఆχϡΞϯεͷ֬ೝΛಉظతʹߦ͏ 39
MVV ͷྫ 40
Χϧνϟʔͷৢʹؔ͢Δ KPI ΛఆΊΔ Ωʔϫʔυ KPI ͷྫ ૉૣ͘σϓϩΠ͢Δ CI/CD ࣌ؒͷܭଌ ҆શʹσϓϩΠ͢Δ
σϓϩΠޙʹमਖ਼͕ඞཁʹͳΔׂ߹ͷܭଌ Ϣʔβʔ͕҆৺ͯ͑͠Δ γεςϜʹ͓͚ΔηΩϡϦςΟج४ͷୡ ͷܭଌ • ։ൃपΓ Agile KPIs ͰௐΔͱݟ͕๛ʹग़ͯ͘Δ • ͦͷଞͷ׆ಈ KPI ͱΈ߹Θͤͯɺࣗࣾͷ "SRE KPIs" ΛఆٛͰ͖ΔͱΑ͍ 41
͜͜·Ͱͷ·ͱΊ • SRE ͷ࣮ફ 5 ͭͷεςοϓʹ͚Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ • ঢ়گѲ͔Β͡·Γɺ৫ͷϚΠϯυηοτͷมߋ·Ͱߦ͏ • 5
ͭͷεςοϓ৫มֵͷϓϩηεͳͷͰɺණࢁϞσϧΛద༻ͯ͠ཧͰ͖Δ • ණࢁϞσϧͷԼ͔Β্Ξϓϩʔν͢Δྫͱͯ͠ SRE ͷ MVV ߏஙΛհ • ํੑɾՁ؍ͷߏங 5 ͭͷεςοϓ༗ޮ • ၆ᛌతʹاۀ׆ಈΛଊ͑Δ͜ͱͰɺঢ়گѲͷΓޱΛಛఆ • ํੑɾՁ؍ͷৢʹ͓͍ͯɺσʔλυϦϒϯͷϚΠϯυηοτ༗ޮ 42
43
ڥͷมԽʹΑͬͯ దͳ৴པੑมΘ͍ͬͯ͘ • αʔϏεΛऔΓר͘ڥɺ࣌ؒܦաͱ ͱʹมԽ͠ଓ͚Δ • ಋೖͨ͠ͷɺڥͷมԽͱͱʹ࠷ దͰͳ͘ͳΔ • ڥͷมԽʹରͯ͠ɺͲͷΑ͏ʹཱͪ
͔͑Α͍ͷ͔ → มԽͷରԠ͢ΔͨΊͷΑ͍Ξϓϩʔν ͳ͍ͩΖ͏͔ 44
μΠφϛοΫέΠύϏϦςΟ • ͳʹ͕ى͜Δ͔Θ͔Βͳ͍࣌ͳͷͰԿ͕ى͖ͯରԠͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͠Α͏ͱ͍͏ߟ͑ํ • ڥঢ়گ͕ܹ͘͠มԽ͢ΔதͰɺاۀ͕ͦͷมԽʹରԠͯࣗ͠ݾΛมֵ͢Δೳྗ5 • ҎԼͷ3ͭͷೳྗʹྨͰ͖Δ • ײʢSensingʣ: ڻҟةػΛײ͢Δೳྗ
• ัଊʢSeizingʣɿػձΛଊ͑ɺطଘͷࢿ࢈ɾࣝɾٕज़Λ࠶ߏͯ͠ڝ૪ྗΛ֫ಘ͢Δೳྗ • ม༰ʢTransformingʣɿڝ૪ྗΛ࣋ଓతͳͷʹ͢ΔͨΊʹɺ৫શମΛ৽͠ม༰ͤ͞Δ ೳྗ 5 ৽࣌ͷܦӦઓུʮμΠφϛοΫɾέΠύϏϦςΟʯͱԿ͔ʁ 45
3ͭͷೳྗSREͷεςοϓʹඥ͚Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ 1. ࣮ફʹඞཁͳใΛूΊΔ => Sensing 2. খ࢝͘͞Ίͯɺ܁Γฦ͢ => Seizing 3.
νʔϜΛࢧԉ͢Δ => Transforming 4. ֶΜͩ͜ͱΛεέʔϧ͢Δ => Transforming 5. σʔλυϦϒϯܕͷϚΠϯυηοτΛ۩ମԽ͢Δ => Transforming 46
มԽʹΑͬͯੜͨ͡৽͍͠ ͚ࣗͩͰΧόʔ͖͠Εͳ͍ͷͰͳ͍͔ 47
18.3.5 νʔϜͷྗֶ ࢲͨͪɺSRE ͷιϑτΣΞ։ൃϓϩδΣΫτʹ ܞΘΔΤϯδχΞΛબ͢Δࡍʹɺ৽͍͠τϐοΫ ʹૉૣ͘ରԠ͍͚ͯ͠ΔθωϥϦετɺ๛ͳࣝ ͱܦݧΛ͍࣋ͬͯΔΤϯδχΞΛΈ߹Θͤͯ࠷ॳ ͷνʔϜΛ্ཱͪ͛Δ͜ͱͰɺେ͖ͳϝϦοτ͕ಘ ΒΕΔ͜ͱʹؾ͖ͮ·ͨ͠ɻ ܦݧͷଟ༷ੑʹΑͬͯΛͳ͘͢ͱڞʹɺͯ͢
ͷνʔϜͷϢʔεέʔε͕ࣗͷνʔϜͷϢʔε έʔεͱಉͩ͡ͱࢥ͍ࠐΜͰ͠·͏མͱ݀͠Λආ͚ Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·͢ɻ νʔϜʹͱͬͯɺඞཁͱ͞ΕΔεϖγϟϦετͱ ͷؔੑΛཱ֬͠ɺΤϯδχΞ͕৽͍͠ྖҬʹ ৺Α͘औΓΊΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ͜ͱ͕ॏཁͰ͢ɻ 48
มԽͱଟ༷ੑ • 5ͭͷεςοϓΛ܁Γฦ͢͜ͱͰมԽʹରԠͰ͖Δ͕มֵͷ෯ʹݶք͕͋Δ • ৫Ͱଟ༷ੑΛ͛Δ͜ͱͰɺมԽͷੑΛڧԽͰ͖Δ • SRE ຊͰɺҟͳΔλΠϓͷΤϯδχΞΛΈ߹Θ͍ͤͯͨ • SRE
ίϛϡχςΟΛνʔϜͱଊ͑Δͱଟ༷ੑΛ͛ΔઈͷػձʹͳΔ • มԽʹର͢Δଟ༷ੑʹΑΔରࡦɺΞϯνϑϥδϟΠϧͷߟ͑ํͷҰ෦Ͱ͋Δ • ͞ΒʹରࡦΛߟ͑Δ߹ɺγεςϜੑͷΞϓϩʔν͕ࢀߟʹͳΓͦ͏ 49
·ͱΊ • SRE ࣮ફΛ͢Δ্Ͱॏཁͳ5ͭͷεςοϓΛհ • ৫Λมֵɺණࢁͷ্ͱԼͷ྆໘͔Βߦ͑ΔͱΑ͍ • SRE ͷํੑɾՁ؍Λ໌֬ʹ͢ΔऔΓΈΛհ •
ڥͷมԽͷੑΛอͭʹɺ৫ͷଟ༷ੑཱ͕ͭ 50