Kicking Ass with Sass & Compass (2012 Edition)

An updated slide deck of my Sass & Compass talk, delivered at the Fall 2012 Barcamp Rochester at RIT.

Transcript

1. Nathan Henderson WITH SASS AND COMPASS KICKING ASS (CSS for awesome people) 2012 EDITION
2. WAT?
3. SUPERCHARGED CSS
4. SASS
5. Syntactically Awesome Stylesheets
6. Syntactically Awesome Stylesheets
7. Syntactically Awesome Stylesheets Sass - Syntactically Awesome Stylesheets http://sass-lang.com/ Search
8. WHY SASS INSTEAD OF CSS?
9. body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents { width: 800px; } #contents #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #contents #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; } #contents #main h2 { color: blue; } #footer { height: 200px; } CSS body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents { width: 800px; } #contents #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #contents #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; } #contents #main h2 { color: blue; } #footer { height: 200px; } Nested CSS
10. body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents { width: 800px; #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; h2 { color: blue; } } } #footer { height: 200px; } SCSS body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents { width: 800px; } #contents #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #contents #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; } #contents #main h2 { color: blue; } #footer { height: 200px; } Nested CSS
11. body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents { width: 800px; #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; h2 { color: blue; } } } #footer { height: 200px; } SCSS body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents { width: 800px; } #contents #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #contents #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; } #contents #main h2 { color: blue; } #footer { height: 200px; } Nested CSS
12. body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents { width: 800px; #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; h2 { color: blue; } } } #footer { height: 200px; } SCSS • SCSS = “Sassy CSS” • Default Sass syntax • Superset of CSS3 (CSS is SCSS!) • Nested selectors
13. • SCSS = “Sassy CSS” • Default Sass syntax • Superset of CSS3 (CSS is SCSS!) • Nested selectors • Nested properties too body { font: { family: sans-serif; size: 30em; weight: bold; } } #contents { width: 800px; #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; h2 { color: blue; } } } #footer { height: 200px; } SCSS
14. • SCSS = “Sassy CSS” • Default Sass syntax • Superset of CSS3 (CSS is SCSS!) • Nested selectors • Nested properties too • Indentation isn’t required, but… body { font: { family: sans-serif; size: 30em; weight: bold; } } #contents { width: 800px; #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; h2 { color: blue; } } } #footer { height: 200px; } SCSS
15. body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents { width: 800px; #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; h2 { color: blue; } } } #footer { height: 200px; } SCSS
16. body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents { width: 800px; #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; h2 { color: blue; } } } #footer { height: 200px; } SCSS body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: 800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px Sass
17. body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents { width: 800px; #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; h2 { color: blue; } } } #footer { height: 200px; } SCSS body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: 800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px Sass
18. • “Sass” or “indented” syntax • White space aware (2 space soft tabs are your friends) • Cleaner than CSS body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: 800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px Sass
19. body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents { width: 800px; } #contents #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #contents #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; } #contents #main h2 { color: blue; } #footer { height: 200px; } CSS body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: 800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px Sass
20. body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: 800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px Sass • “Sass” or “indented” syntax • White space aware (2 space soft tabs are your friends) • Cleaner than CSS, but so what?
21. THE GOOD STUFF • Variables
22. VARIABLES body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: 800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px // Variable Definitions $page-width: 800px $sidebar-width: 200px $primary-color: #eeeeee
23. VARIABLES body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: 800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px // Variable Definitions $page-width: 800px $sidebar-width: 200px $primary-color: #eeeeee body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: $page-width #sidebar float: right width: $sidebar-width #main width: ??? background: $primary-color h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px
24. VARIABLES body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: 800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px // Variable Definitions $page-width: 800px $sidebar-width: 200px $primary-color: #eeeeee body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: $page-width #sidebar float: right width: $sidebar-width #main width: ??? background: $primary-color h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px
25. VARIABLES body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: 800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px // Variable Definitions $page-width: 800px $sidebar-width: 200px $primary-color: #eeeeee body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: $page-width #sidebar float: right width: $sidebar-width #main width: ??? background: $primary-color h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: $page-width #sidebar float: right width: $sidebar-width #main width: $page-width - $sidebar-width background: $primary-color h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px
26. VARIABLES body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: 800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px // Variable Definitions $page-width: 800px $sidebar-width: 200px $primary-color: #eeeeee body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: $page-width #sidebar float: right width: $sidebar-width #main width: ??? background: $primary-color h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: $page-width #sidebar float: right width: $sidebar-width #main width: $page-width - $sidebar-width background: $primary-color h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px MATH
27. EXAMPLE FO’ REALZ
28. EXAMPLE FO’ REALZ
29. EXAMPLE FO’ REALZ // Dimensions $page_width: 960px $nav_tabs: 6 // number of navigation tabs $tab_width: round($page_width / $nav_tabs) - 1
30. EXAMPLE FO’ REALZ // Dimensions $page_width: 960px $nav_tabs: 7 // number of navigation tabs $tab_width: round($page_width / $nav_tabs) - 1
31. EXAMPLE FO’ REALZ // Dimensions $page_width: 960px $nav_tabs: 7 // number of navigation tabs $tab_width: round($page_width / $nav_tabs) - 1
32. USING VARIABLES • Colors • Font Stacks • Margins & Padding • Border widths • Border radii
33. THE GOOD STUFF • Variables • Mixins
34. MIXINS
35. MIXINS @mixin large-text font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif font-size: 20px font-weight: bold color: #ff0000 #content h1 @include large-text
36. MORE MIXINS
37. MORE MIXINS @mixin ez-border($width, $color) border-width: $width border-style: solid border-color: $color #aboutbox @include ez-border(2px, #eee)
38. MORE MIXINS @mixin ez-border($width, $color) border-width: $width border-style: solid border-color: $color #aboutbox @include ez-border(2px, #eee) @mixin ez-border($width: 2px, $color: #eee) border-width: $width border-style: solid border-color: $color #aboutbox @include ez-border
39. MORE MIXINS @mixin ez-border($width, $color) border-width: $width border-style: solid border-color: $color #aboutbox @include ez-border(2px, #eee) @mixin ez-border($width: 2px, $color: #eee) border-width: $width border-style: solid border-color: $color #aboutbox @include ez-border #aboutbox @include ez-border(1px, #444)
40. FUN WITH MIXINS • Mixin definitions can include other mixins • Try the ‘&’ parent selector • Global variables in mixins
41. THE GOOD STUFF • Variables • Mixins • Selector Inheritance “@extend”
42. @EXTEND <div class="alert criticalAlert"> Oh snap! The roof is on fire! </div> .alert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808
43. @EXTEND <div class="alert criticalAlert"> Oh snap! The roof is on fire! </div> .alert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808 .alert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert @extend .alert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808
44. @EXTEND <div class="alert criticalAlert"> Oh snap! The roof is on fire! </div> .alert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808 <div class="criticalAlert"> Oh snap! The roof is on fire! </div> .alert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert @extend .alert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808
45. MULTIPLE @EXTENDS .alert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808 .greatGooglyMoogly @extend .alert @extend .criticalAlert border-style: dashed <div class="greatGooglyMoogly"> Oh snap! The roof is on fire! </div>
46. @EXTEND VS. MIXINS @extend modifies selectors, mixins add properties & values .alert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert @extend .alert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808 Sass Input (@extend) .alert, .criticalAlert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808 CSS Output
47. @EXTEND VS. MIXINS @extend modifies selectors, mixins add properties & values @mixin alert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert @mixin alert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808 Sass Input (@mixin) .criticalAlert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee border-width: 3px color: #8a0808 CSS Output
48. PLACEHOLDER SELECTOR %-prefixed selectors don’t get rendered to CSS %alert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert @extend %alert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808 Sass Input .criticalAlert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808 CSS Output
49. THE GOOD STUFF • Variables • Mixins • Selector Inheritance “@extend” • Other goodies
50. PARENT SELECTORS a font-weight: bold text-decoration: none a:hover text-decoration: underline a font-weight: bold text-decoration: none &:hover text-decoration: underline
51. @IMPORT & PARTIALS @import "rounded-corners", "text-shadow" filenames that start with an underscore won’t be compiled into files _rounded-corners.sass _text-shadow.sass
52. USING SASS sass input.sass output.css sass --watch input.sass:output.css sass --watch app/sass:public/stylesheets or…
53. COMPASS
55. Compass http://compass-style.com/ Search
56. WHAT IS IT? • Extends Sass to be a full-fledged stylesheet framework • Mixins, helpers, new functions, resets & more
57. CSS3 HELPERS -webkit-border-radius: 4px -moz-border-radius: 4px -o-border-radius: 4px -ms-border-radius: 4px -khtml-border-radius: 4px border-radius: 4px @import "compass/css3/border-radius" @include border-radius(4px)
58. OTHER HELPERS @include adjust-lightness($color, $amount) Color: @include font-face($name, $font-files, $eot) Fonts: @include clearfix Clearfix: @include horizontal-list($padding, $direction) List Nav: and many more! @import "icon/*.png" @include all-icon-sprites Spriting:
59. USING COMPASS compass create /path/to/project cd /path/to/project compass watch Manually: or…
60. TOOLS THAT USE SASS & COMPASS • Middleman http://middlemanapp.com • CodeKit http://incident57.com/codekit/ • Scout http://mhs.github.com/scout-app/ • Many other Ruby-based projects, including Rails
61. WHY USE SASS & COMPASS?
62. • Keep your stylesheets DRY • Revisions are easier (no more “find & replace all”) • Bleeding edge CSS properties become production-ready • Build reuseable mixins & functions • Create your own stylesheet framework • You’ll be awesome
63. THANK YOU @nathos http://nathos.com @nex3 & @chriseppstein http://sass-lang.com http://compass-style.org