Blocker, “Is Primi=ve Art Art?” pp. 87-‐97. Range: 500 BCE-‐1500 CE Nok, Ife, Benin, Sapi Terms/Concepts: lost-‐wax cas=ng, primi=ve, primi=vism, othering, savannah, living rock, cruciform, toron, Oba, ama, manilla, Olokun, saltcellar Monument List: TerracoQa Head, Nok Culture, Lagos, Nigeria, c. 500 BCE-‐200 BCE. Crowned Head of a King (Oni), Ife, Yoruba, 12th-‐15th Century CE Hip Mask Represen=ng an Iyoba (“Queen Mother”), Benin, Middle Period, c. 1550 CE Master of the Symbolic Execu=on, saltcellar, Sapi-‐ Portuguese, from Sierra Leone, ca. 1490-‐1540.