ਐԽ͢ΔΤίγεςϜʹ͓͚Δٕज़બͷߟ͑ํ w ৫ͷख़ʹԠͨ͡ஈ֊తͳಋೖઓུ w มԽΛલఏͱͨ͠ॊೈͳӡ༻ઃܭ w ,&1Λ׆༻ͨ͠ܭըతͳϓϥοτϑΥʔϜਐԽ w ࣦഊࣄྫ͔ΒֶͿ࣮ફతͳରԠઓུ wظ͢ΔՌ w ٕज़બఆʹ͓͚Δ࣮ફతͳஅ࣠ͷ֫ಘ w ࣋ଓՄೳͳӡ༻ମ੍ͷߏங w มԽʹڧ͍৫ͮ͘Γ
IUUQTDMPVEHPPHMFDPNMFBSOXIBUJTLVCFSOFUFT IM KBTFDUJPO w ޡղΛڪΕͣʹ؆୯ʹݴ͏ͱ%PDLFSΛྑ͍ײ͡ʹ͢Δͭ w ૄ݁߹ͳγεςϜ w ճ෮ੑ w ཧྗ w Մ؍ଌੑ w ݎ࿚ͳࣗಈԽ w มԽʹڧ͍ https://ai.google/research/pubs/pub43438
CPSHDGH$-* #PSHMFU #PSH.BTUFSͳͲ,VCFSOFUFTͷ໘Ө͕͋Δ w!JOEVDUPS͞Μͷ#PSHͷจΛಡΈղ͘هࣄ͕ৄ͍͠ w IUUQTCMPHJOEVDUPSNFFOUSZ job hello_world = { runtime = { cell = 'ic' } // Cell (cluster) to run in binary = '.../hello_world_webserver' // Program to run args = { port = '%port%' } // Command line parameters requirements = { // Resource requirements (optional) ram = 100M disk = 100M cpu = 0.1 } replicas = 5 // Number of tasks }
:".-)FMM ͱݺΕΔ͘Β͍:".-Λॻ͖·͢ wϢʔβʔϚχϑΣετΛॻ͍ͯLVCFDUMͰө͢Δ w LVCFDUM,VCFSOFUFT͕ఏڙ͢Δ$-* w ,VCFSOFUFTͷ"1*αʔό0QFO"1*४ڌ w$-*Ͱ:".-͔Β+40/ʹมͯ͠ϦΫΤετΛ͛Δ wϓϥάΠϯػೳͰ͋ΔLVCFDUMQMVHJOLSFXͷଘࡏ QMVHJO
w ओཁͳτϐοΫ w جૅཧͱ֓೦ w ίϯςφΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯͷجຊݪཧͱ,VCFSOFUFTͷΞʔΩςΫνϟઃܭ w Ϋϥελͷߏཁૉͱίϯϙʔωϯτؒͷ࿈ܞϝΧχζϜ w ࣮ͱӡ༻ w ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷίϯςφԽͱ,VCFSOFUFTͷσϓϩΠϝϯτख๏ w εέʔϦϯάɺࣗಈԽઃఆɺ͓ΑͼηΩϡϦςΟϙϦγʔͷ࣮ w Ԡ༻ͱΤίγεςϜ w ΫϥυωΠςΟϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷઃܭͱ$*$%ύΠϓϥΠϯͷߏங w ֤छΫϥυϓϩόΠμʔͱͷ࿈ܞͱϞχλϦϯάମ੍ͷཱ֬ w τϥϒϧγϡʔςΟϯά w ҰൠతͳোύλʔϯͷղܾͱύϑΥʔϚϯε࠷దԽͷख๏ w γεςϜࢹɺϩάੳɺόοΫΞοϓઓུͷ࣮ફ IUUQTCPPLJNQSFTTDPKQCPPLT
ॏཁͳόάमਖ਼ͷΈڐՄ w ϦϦʔεޙ࡞ۀ 8FFLT ҆ఆԽͱ࣍ظϦϦʔε४උ w &OIBODFNFOUT'SFF[F 8FFL ػೳͷ֬ఆظݶ wඞཁͳϥϕϧ w TJH\OBNF^4*(Φʔφʔ w LJOE\UZQF^มߋͷछྨ CVH GFBUVSFͳͲ w MHUN BQQSPWFEϨϏϡʔঝೝ w ༏ઌϥϕϧ w DSJUJDBMVSHFOUϦϦʔεඞਢ w JNQPSUBOUTPPO༏ઌతରԠ w JNQPSUBOUMPOHUFSNظత՝ wϦϦʔεϒϥϯνཧ w W9:ϒϥϯν࡞ɺ͔݄ؒͷύονϦϦʔεରԠ wҙ w ະղܾͷ13*TTVFআ͞ΕΔՄೳੑ w 4*(ϦϦʔενʔϜͱͷີͳ࿈ܞ͕ॏཁ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPSFMFBTFT IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPSFMFBTFTSFMFBTF IUUQTHJUIVCDPNLVCFSOFUFTDPNNVOJUZCMPCNBTUFSDPOUSJCVUPSTEFWFMTJHSFMFBTFSFMFBTFNE
w 4*(ɺ8(ɺ6(Ͱߏ͞ΕΔڊେίϛϡχςΟͷڠௐΛ࣮ݱ w 4QFDJBM*OUFSFTU(SPVQT 4*( ɺಛఆͷٕज़ʢྫɿ"1*ɺ4UPSBHFɺ/FUXPSLʣʹಛԽͯ͠։ൃΛਪਐ͢ΔৗઃͷάϧʔϓͰ͢ɻ w 8PSLJOH(SPVQT 8( ɺෳͷ4*(ʹ·͕ͨΔಛఆͷτϐοΫʹ͍ͭͯظؒΛఆΊͯٞ։ൃΛߦ͏άϧʔϓͰ͢ɻ w 6TFS(SPVQT 6( ɺ#JH%BUBػցֶशͳͲɺ,VCFSOFUFTϢʔβʔͷϢʔεέʔεʹؔ͢Δใަ՝ղܾΛߦ͏ظతͳίϛϡχςΟͰ͢ɻ IUUQTXXXLVCFSOFUFTEFWSFTPVSDFTLFQT
͕Β֦ுੑͷߴ͍ΞʔΩςΫνϟΛ࣮ݱͰ ͖ɺ͜ΕʹΑͬͯظతͳϝϯςφϯεੑͱ εέʔϥϏϦςΟΛ֬อ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Մೳͱͳ Γ·͢ɻ w࣮ફతͳ׆༻ํ๏ w ,&1Λ׆༻ͨ͠։ൃܭը͔Βஈ֊తͳຊ൪ಋ ೖ·Ͱɺ࣮ূʹجͮ͘ݕূΛॏͶΔ͜ͱͰ࣮֬ ͳਐԽΛ͛Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ɺͦͷաఔͰಘΒΕ Δݟ࣍ͷΠςϨʔγϣϯͷվળʹ׆͔͞ Ε͍͖ͯ·͢ɻ IUUQTXXXLVCFSOFUFTEFWSFTPVSDFTLFQT w ػೳͷૣظධՁ͕Մೳ w "MQIB#FUBػೳͷࢼݧతಋೖ w ϑΟʔυόοΫͷఏڙػձ w ࣮લͷઃܭϨϏϡʔࢀՃ w ,&1Λ׆༻ͨ͠։ൃܭը w ৽ػೳͷ1SPPG0G$PODFQU w ςετڥͰͷݕূ w ஈ֊తͳຊ൪ಋೖ w ΑΓྑ͍ઃܭஅ w কདྷͷػೳΛݟਾ͑ͨઃܭ w ඇਪػೳͷࣄલѲ w ϕετϓϥΫςΟεͷૣظ࠾༻
w 1PEGBJMVSFQPMJDZ ,VCFSOFUFTW<TUBCMF> w ࣦഊཧ༝ʹج͍ͮͨৄࡉͳ੍ޚ͕Մೳ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPEPDTDPODFQUTXPSLMPBETDPOUSPMMFSTKPCQPECBDLP ff GBJMVSFQPMJDZ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPEPDTDPODFQUTXPSLMPBETDPOUSPMMFSTKPCQPEGBJMVSFQPMJDZ BQJ7FSTJPOCBUDIW LJOE+PC TQFD CBDLP ff -JNJU1FS*OEFY QPE'BJMVSF1PMJDZ SVMFT BDUJPO'BJM*OEFY PO&YJU$PEFT PQFSBUPS*O WBMVFT< > w ϝϦοτ w όονδϣϒͷࡉ͔ͳ੍ޚ͕Մೳʹ w ো࣌ͷಈ࡞ΛΑΓৄࡉʹఆٛՄೳ w ӡ༻ίετͷݮ w ผ్KPCܥͷπʔϧ͕ඞཁͩͬͨ
w UFSNJOBUJPO(SBDF1FSJPE4FDPOET w ,VCFSOFUFTW<TUBCMF> w 1PEϨϕϧͷ҆શͳऴ͕ྃͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳͬͨ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPEPDTUBTLTDPO fi HVSFQPEDPOUBJOFSDPO fi HVSFMJWFOFTTSFBEJOFTTTUBSUVQQSPCFT BQJ7FSTJPOW LJOE1PE TQFD DPOUBJOFST OBNFBQQ MJWFOFTT1SPCF HSQD QPSU TUBSUVQ1SPCF IUUQ(FU QBUIIFBMUI[ QPSU GBJMVSF5ISFTIPME QFSJPE4FDPOET SFBEJOFTT1SPCF FYFD DPNNBOE DBU UNQIFBMUIZ JOJUJBM%FMBZ4FDPOET UFSNJOBUJPO(SBDF1FSJPE4FDPOET w ϝϦοτ w H31$ϕʔεͷϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷ݈શੑ֬ೝ w ىಈ࣌ͷஈ֊తͳϔϧενΣοΫ w γϟοτμϯ࣌ͷ҆શͳॲཧྃͪ w ෳࡶͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯঢ়ଶͷࢹ
w 4UBSUPSEJOBM ,VCFSOFUFTW<TUBCMF> w ։࢝ॱংͷ੍ޚ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPEPDTDPODFQUTXPSLMPBETDPOUSPMMFSTTUBUFGVMTFU BQJ7FSTJPOBQQTW LJOE4UBUFGVM4FU TQFD QFSTJTUFOU7PMVNF$MBJN3FUFOUJPO1PMJDZ XIFO%FMFUFE3FUBJO4UBUFGVM4FUআ࣌ XIFO4DBMFE%FMFUFεέʔϧμϯ࣌ BQJ7FSTJPOBQQTW LJOE4UBUFGVM4FU TQFD PSEJOBMT TUBSU1PE໊͕͔Β։࢝ XFC XFC SFQMJDBT w 1PE໋໊ͷॊೈͳ੍ޚ w ϚΠάϨʔγϣϯ࣌ͷޓੑ֬อ w ӡ༻ڥʹԠͨ͡ઃఆ w σʔλཧͷॊೈੑ্ w εέʔϦϯά࣌ͷϦιʔε࠷దԽ w ӡ༻ίετͷݮ
w .BYJNVNVOBWBJMBCMF1PET ,VCFSOFUFTW<BMQIB> w 3PMMJOH6QEBUF࣌ͷ੍ޚ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPEPDTDPODFQUTXPSLMPBETDPOUSPMMFSTTUBUFGVMTFU ࣗಈతʹ༩͞ΕΔϥϕϧ NFUBEBUB MBCFMT BQQTLVCFSOFUFTJPQPEJOEFY֤1PEʹॱংΛࣔ͢ϥϕϧ͕༩ BQJ7FSTJPOBQQTW LJOE4UBUFGVM4FU TQFD VQEBUF4USBUFHZ SPMMJOH6QEBUF NBY6OBWBJMBCMFಉ࣌ʹΞοϓσʔτՄೳͳ1PE w Ξοϓσʔτͷ࠷దԽ w αʔϏεՄ༻ੑͷҡ࣋ w Ϧιʔε༻ޮͷ্ w τϥϑΟοΫϧʔςΟϯά w ϝτϦΫεϑΟϧλϦϯά w ϩάղੳͷޮԽ
wมԽΛड͚ೖΕΔ͜ͱͷʮ߅ʯΛ ৫͔ΒऔΓআ͖ɺॊೈͳઃܭࢥΛ ج൫ͱ͠ͳ͕ΒɺνʔϜશମͰͷࣝڞ ༗ͱ͍͏ʮू߹ʯͷྗΛ׆͔͠ɺ࣮ ݧతͳࢼߦͱ໌֬ͳهͱ͍͏྆ྠΛ ճ͢͜ͱͰɺ࣋ଓՄೳͳվળαΠΫϧΛ ཱ֬͢Δɻ w ͯ͢ͷঢ়گʹରԠͰ͖ΔʮᘳͳʯϚχϑΣετଘࡏ͠ͳ͍ w ٕज़ͷਐԽʹ͏ܧଓతͳมԽෆՄආ w ӡ༻ڥͷมಈৗʹଘࡏ w ϚχϑΣετʮੜ͖͍ͯΔʯυΩϡϝϯτ w ᘳΛࢦ͢ΑΓɺվળΛଓ͚Δ͜ͱ͕ॏཁ w ཁ݅ৗʹมԽ͢Δ͜ͱΛલఏͱ͢Δ w มԽΛड͚ೖΕΔॊೈͳ࢟ w ঢ়گʹԠͨ͡దԠతͳରԠ w ܧଓతͳվળͷॏཁੑ w มߋཤྺͷ໌֬ͳه w νʔϜͰͷφϨοδڞ༗ͷଅਐ w ςετڥͰͷੵۃతͳࢼߦ w ಋೖܦҢͷυΩϡϝϯτԽ w ཁ݅ͷѲͱੳ
wաڈͷޭମݧͱ͍͏ʮ҆શଳʯ͔Β ٫͠ɺ࠷৽ͷݟΛੵۃతʹऔΓೖΕ ͳ͕ΒɺγϯϓϧͳઃܭΛج൫ͱͯ͠ ஈ֊తͳਐԽΛ͛Δ͜ͱͰɺӡ༻σʔ λͱ͍͏ʮݱ࣮ʯʹج͍ͮͨҙࢥܾఆ ͱɺܧଓతͳٕज़ݕূͱ͍͏ʮ࣮ݧʯͷ όϥϯεΛอͪͳ͕Βɺॊೈ͔ͭ࣋ଓՄ ೳͳ࣮Λ࣮ݱ͢Δɻ w ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷཁ݅Λਖ਼֬ʹཧղ w ӡ༻ڥͷಛੑΛѲ w εέʔϥϏϦςΟཁ݅ͷఆٛ w ηΩϡϦςΟཁ݅ͷ໌֬Խ w νʔϜͷٕज़ελοΫͷߟྀ w ύϑΥʔϚϯεཁ݅ͷఆٛ w ίϯϓϥΠΞϯεཁ݅ͷ֬ೝ w ࠷৽ͷࣝͱใͷܧଓతͳऩू w ߋ৽͠ଓ͚͍ͯΔͷͰաڈͷޭମݧʹݻࣥ͠ͳ͍ w ঢ়گʹԠͨ͡ॊೈͳஅ w γϯϓϧͳॳظઃఆ͔Βͷஈ֊తͳ֦ு w ඞཁʹԠͨ͡ػೳͷՃ w ӡ༻σʔλʹجͮ͘ҙࢥܾఆ w ఆظతͳٕज़ݕূͷ࣮ࢪ
wܧଓతվળ wʑͷӡ༻͔ΒಘΒΕΔʮݱͷʯͱɺ ٕज़τϨϯυͱ͍͏ʮ࣌ͷைྲྀʯͷ྆ํ ʹࣖΛ͚ͳ͕ΒɺνʔϜશମͰͷφϨο δڞ༗Λ௨ͯ͡ू߹Λܗ͠ɺখ͞ͳվ ળͷੵΈॏͶ͕େ͖ͳՁΛੜΈग़͢ͱ͍ ͏৴೦ͷͱɺઈ͑ؒͳ͍ਐԽΛଓ͚Δ͜ ͱͰ৫ͷٕज़తख़ΛߴΊ͍ͯ͘ɻ w $PO fi H.BQͷઓུత׆༻ w ڥมͷ֎෦Խ w ґଘؔͷ໌ࣔతͳཧ w όʔδϣϯཧͷపఈʢ(JUʣ w ϞδϡʔϧԽ͞Εͨઃܭ w υΩϡϝϯτͷࣗಈੜ w ઃఆͷ֊Խ w มߋཤྺͷৄࡉͳه w কདྷͷӡ༻ෛ୲ͷܰݮ w มߋʹର͢ΔॊೈͳରԠ w ϝϯςφϯεੑͷ্ w τϥϒϧγϡʔςΟϯάͷ༰қ͞ w ϩʔϧόοΫͷ࣮ݱੑ w νʔϜؒͷڠۀޮ্ w ࣗಈԽͷଅਐ w ӡ༻σʔλʹجͮ͘࠷దԽ
wνʔϜӡӦͱφϨοδཧ wఆظతͳνʔϜϛʔςΟϯάϨϏ ϡʔϓϩηεͱ͍͏ʮܗࣜԽ͞Ε ͨʯΛ௨ͯ͡҉ΛՄࢹԽ͠ɺ ͦΕΒΛυΩϡϝϯττϨʔχϯ άࢿྉͱͯ͠ʮ࠶ར༻Մೳͳࢿ࢈ʯ ʹঢ՚ͤ͞Δ͜ͱͰɺݸਓͷܦݧ ࣝΛ৫શମͷࡒ࢈ͱͯ࣋͠ଓత ʹ׆༻Ͱ͖ΔΈΛཱ֬͢Δɻ w ,&1ʢ,VCFSOFUFT&OIBODFNFOU1SPQPTBMʣͷఆظతͳνΣοΫ w ίϛϡχςΟใͷੵۃతͳऩू w ӡ༻σʔλͷܧଓతͳੳ w ηΩϡϦςΟΞυόΠβϦʔͷࢹ w ύϑΥʔϚϯεϝτϦΫεͷऩू w ϢʔβʔϑΟʔυόοΫͷ׆༻ w Πϯγσϯτੳ͔Βͷֶश w ఆظతͳνʔϜϛʔςΟϯάͷ࣮ࢪ w ϖΞ࡞ۀతͳ w ϨϏϡʔϓϩηεͷཱ֬ w υΩϡϝϯτͷܧଓతͳߋ৽ w ઃఆӡ༻ϊϋͷڞ༗ w ࣝͷଐਓԽࢭ w τϨʔχϯάࢿྉͷඋ w ϕετϓϥΫςΟεͷจॻԽ
܇ΛؚΊΔ͜ͱͰɺ,VCFSOFUFTΤίγεςϜͷશମ૾ͱ࣮ ફతͳ׆༻ํ๏Λਂ͘ཧղͰ͖ΔҰͱͳ͍ͬͯ·͢ɻ w ,VCFSOFUFT1BUUFSOT OE&EJUJPO w جૅ͔ΒΦϖϨʔλʔύλʔϯ·Ͱͷମܥతͳઃܭݪଇͱ۩ ମతͳ࣮ྫΛ௨ͯ͡ɺΫϥυωΠςΟϒΞϓϦέʔγϣ ϯͷཧతͳΞʔΩςΫνϟͱҰൠతͳམͱ݀͠Λแׅతʹ ཧղ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ΔࣔࠦʹΜͩΨΠυͱͳ͍ͬͯ·͢ɻ w ຊޠ൛͕ʮ,VCFSOFUFTύλʔϯୈ൛ʯͱͯ͠ग़൛͞Ε ͍ͯΔ
ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷϓϩηε͕1*%ʹͳΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ͜ͱ w ॳظԽॲཧʹֻ͕͔࣌ؒΔ߹ɺϔϧενΣοΫͷௐ͕ඞཁ w 3FBEJOFTT-JWFOFTT1SPCF͕࠷ॳʹ࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ·Ͱͷ࣌ؒΛ૿͢ w 4UBSUVQ1SPCFͰॳظԽॲཧ͕ྃͨ͠Β0,Λฦ͢Α͏ʹ w 1PTU4UBSU)PPLͰϝΠϯͷίϯςφىಈޙʹॳظԽॲཧΛ࣮ߦ͢Δ w ϝΠϯͷίϯςφ͕ىಈ͢ΔલʹॳظԽॲཧ͕ඞཁͳ߹μϝ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPEPDTUBTLTDPO fi HVSFQPEDPOUBJOFSDPO fi HVSFQPEJOJUJBMJ[BUJPO
1SF4UPQ)PPLͰಛఆͷ࣌ؒTMFFQͯ͠4*(5&3.͕དྷΔͷΛΒͤΔ w όονॲཧͷ߹4*(5&3.Λड͚ͨޙͷॲཧΛਖ਼࣮͘͢͠Δ͜ͱ w ॲཧͷ్தͩͱݩʹ͢ w ॲཧͷ్த݁ՌΛ֎෦ʹه͢Δ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPEPDTDPODFQUTXPSLMPBETQPETQPEMJGFDZDMF
4FSWJDF͔Βআ֎͢Δ αʔϏεΞτ͢Δ ͱӨڹΛ͑ΒΕΔ w ਖ਼ৗ͔ਖ਼ৗͰͳ͍͔Ͳ͏ͬͯஅ͢Δʁ w ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯଆͰϔϧενΣοΫ༻ͷΤϯυϙΠϯτΛ࣮ w FH ৗʹ0,Λฦ͢ w FH αʔϏεΛఏڙ͢Δ४උ͕Ͱ͖ͨΒ0,Λฦ͠ɺ αʔϏεΛఏڙͰ͖ͳ͍߹ʹΛฦ͢ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPEPDTUBTLTDPO fi HVSFQPEDPOUBJOFSDPO fi HVSFMJWFOFTTSFBEJOFTTTUBSUVQQSPCFT
αʔϏεΠϯ͢Δ४උ͕Ͱ͖͍ͯΔ͔ w Ұఆճࣦഊ͢Δͱ4FSWJDF͔Β֎ΕΔ w 1PEʹଓ͕͍͔ͳ͘ͳΔ w 4UBSUVQ1SPCF w 1PEͷॳظԽॲཧʹֻ͕͔࣌ؒΔ߹ʹ༻ w 4UBSUVQ1SPCF͕ޭ͠ͳ͍ݶΓ-JWFOFTT3FBEJOFTT1SPCF࣮ߦ͞Εͳ͍ Kubernetes ͷ Probe ͷΈͱߟྀ IUUQT[FOOEFWUPWFSTVTBSUJDMFTEG
ઃఆϑΝΠϧڥมΛ1PEʹຒΊࠐΉ w ίϯςφΠϝʔδͷઃఆϑΝΠϧͷ্ॻ͖Ͱ͖Δ w ಉҰͷίϯςφΠϝʔδΛͬͯɺ$PO fi H.BQͰڥͷࠩΛѻ͏ w 4FDSFU w σʔλϕʔεͷଓઌใͳͲͷൿີใΛؚΉ߹ʹ༻ w #BTFΤϯίʔυ͍ͯ͠Δ͚ͩͳͷͰൿີใͷཧผͰߦ͏ w 4FDSFU.BOBHFS 7BVMU ʜ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPEPDTDPODFQUTDPO fi HVSBUJPO
,VCFSOFUFTʹؔΘΔ੬ऑੑΛमਖ਼͍ͨ͠ w ,VCFSOFUFTͷόʔδϣϯϲ݄ ϲ݄Ͱ&P-Λܴ͑Δ w ఆظతʹߋ৽͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ w ΤίγεςϜ܈ʹҾͬுΒΕͯΞοϓάϨʔυΛ༨ّͳ͘͞ΕΔ͜ͱ͋Δ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPEPDTUBTLTBENJOJTUFSDMVTUFSDMVTUFSVQHSBEF
ϊʔυʹ͜ΕҎ্1PE͕εέδϡʔϧ͞Εͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δ w %SBJO w $PSEPO ϊʔυ্ͷ1PEΛผͷϊʔυʹୀආ͢Δ w 1PEΛՄೳͳݶΓ҆શʹୀආͯ͠࠶εέδϡʔϧΛཁٻ͢Δ w 1PE%JTSVQUJPO#VEHFU 1%# Λߟྀͯ͠Ҡಈͯ͘͠ΕΔͷͰઃఆਪ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPEPDTUBTLTBENJOJTUFSDMVTUFSDMVTUFSVQHSBEF
'1(" ʜ w $16ͷ୯Ґ w ઈରྔͱͯ͠ද͢ w W$16ͷϊʔυͷ$16ཁٻ͕ͷ߹W$16 w W$16 ϛϦ$16 ϛϦίΞ w ϝϞϦͷ୯Ґ w (J ΪϏόΠτ㲈(# ΪΨόΠτ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPEPDTUBTLTDPO fi HVSFQPEDPOUBJOFSBTTJHODQVSFTPVSDF
,VCFSOFUFT༏ઌ͚ʹOJDFΛ͍ͬͯͳ͍ w $16-JNJUTΛࢦఆ͠ͳ͍߹ɺDHSPVQຖͷ$16TIBSFTͷͰׂ w ͭͷ1PE͕ Ͱ$16ཁٻ w ͭͷ1PE͕$16࣌ؒΛ☼ ☼ ☼ ¢༻ https://medium.com/directeam/kubernetes-resources-under-the-hood-part-2-6eeb50197c44
w NTͷͷNTΛͬͨΒεϩοτϦϯά͞ΕΔ w NTͰऴΘ͍ͬͯͨॲཧ͕NT NT NTֻ͔Δ https://engineering.indeedblog.com/blog/2019/12/unthrottled-fixing-cpu-limits-in-the-cloud/ 200m ͷ CPU ཁٻͰ CPU ্ݶ͕ͳ͍ 200m ͷ CPU ੍ݶͱ 400m ͷ CPU ্ݶ
w ϊʔυʹׂΓͯΒΕ͍ͯͳ͍1FOEJOHঢ়ଶͳ1PEΛݕग़ w Ωϡʔͷத͔Β1FOEJOHঢ়ଶͳ1PEΛऔಘ w 1PEͷϦιʔεཁٻͳͲͷ݅ʹ߹Θͳ͍ϊʔυΛআ֎ w ͬͨϊʔυ͔Β࠷దͳϊʔυஔ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPEPDTDPODFQUTTDIFEVMJOHFWJDUJPOLVCFTDIFEVMFS
i OJUZ w /PEF4FMFDUPSͱͬͯΔ͜ͱಉ͕ͩ͡ɺϧʔϧΛॊೈʹઃఆՄೳ w ඞͣ݅Λຬͨ͢PSग़དྷΔ͚ͩ݅Λຬͨ͢ w 1PE5PQPMPHZ4QSFBE$POTUSBJOUT w κʔϯϦʔδϣϯʹލͬͯ1PEΛͲ͏ஔ͢Δ͔ͷϧʔϧΛॊೈʹઃఆՄೳ w 5BJOUT5PMFSBUJPOT w ϊʔυͷ؍͔Β1PEΛஔ͢Δɾ͠ͳ͍ΛઃఆՄೳ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPEPDTDPODFQUTTDIFEVMJOHFWJDUJPOLVCFTDIFEVMFS
1PEͷϦιʔεׂΓͯΛมߋͯ͠ਨํʹεέʔϦϯά w .FUSJDT4FSWFSͷϝτϦΫεΛݟͯஅ w $MVTUFS"VUPTDBMFS w ,VCFSOFUFTͷϊʔυΛਫฏํʹεέʔϦϯά w ϦιʔεෆͰ1FOEJOHঢ়ଶͳ1PEΛݕͯ͠ϊʔυΛՃͯ͘͠ΕΔ w Ϧιʔεͷۭ͖͕ଟ͍ϊʔυΛݟ͚ͭͯϊʔυΛআͯ͘͠ΕΔ
$4*υϥΠόʹΑͬͯػೳ͕Ұ෦ҟͳΔ w ӬଓϘϦϡʔϜͷಈతϓϩϏδϣχϯά w ϘϦϡʔϜͷεφοϓγϣοτͱϦετΞ w ϘϦϡʔϜͷϦαΠζ w ΞΫηεϞʔυ w 3FBE8SJUF0ODF w 3FE8SJUF.BOZ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPCMPHDPOUBJOFSTUPSBHFJOUFSGBDFHB
4FSWJDF"DDPVOUͷτʔΫϯݕূͰݩΛ֬ೝ w ೝՄݖݶΛ༩͑Δ͜ͱ w FH 3PMF3PMF#JOEJOHͳͲͰݖݶΛ༩͑Δ w 3PMF#BTFE"DDFTT$POUSPM 3#"$ w σϑΥϧτͰ3#"$ͰೝՄ w 3PMF$MVTUFS3PMF w 3PMF#JOEJOH$MVTUFS3PMF#JOEJOH ൴ OK ൴ NG Aͱ͍͏ ૢ࡞ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPKBEPDTSFGFSFODFBDDFTTBVUIOBVUI[BVUIFOUJDBUJPO
Ϋϥελશମͷ,VCFSOFUFTϦιʔεΛૢ࡞͠ͳ͍ͳΒෆཁ w 1PE͕,VCFSOFUFTϦιʔεΛૢ࡞͠ͳ͍߹4FSWJDF"DDPVOU࡞Δ w ݖݶΛඥ͚ͳ͚ΕԿͰ͖ͳ͍ͷͱಉ͡ IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPKBEPDTSFGFSFODFBDDFTTBVUIOBVUI[BVUIFOUJDBUJPO
4BOECPYɿ࣮ݧతͳ৽͍͠ϓϩδΣΫτͷड͚ೖΕ w *ODVCBUJOHɿ࣮༻Խʹ͚ͨஈ֊ͷϓϩδΣΫτ w (SBEVBUFEɿ࢈ۀඪ४ͱཱͯ֬ͨ͠͠ϓϩδΣΫτ w Ϣʔβʔ͕Ͳͷٕज़πʔϧΛબͿ͔ͷॿ͚ʹͳΔ w ,VCFSOFUFTͷਐԽͰඪ४ػೳͱͯ͠ఏڙͰ͖Δཁ݅૿͑ΔͷͰ͍ͬͯ͘ͷ͕େࣄ
ʰϕϯμʔϩοΫΠϯʱͱ͍͏ݴ༿ɺ࣌ͱͯ͠ ٕज़తͳٞΛ͑ͯײతͳஅج४ͱͳΓɺ &$4$MPVE3VO͕࣮࣋ͭʹجͮ͘༏ҐੑΑ Γɺ৫ͷҙࢥܾఆʹΑΓେ͖ͳӨڹΛٴ΅͢ ݱ࣮͕ු͖ூΓʹͳ͍ͬͯΔɻ ٕज़બఆʹઈରతͳਖ਼ղͳ͍ w $/$'ϑϥοάγοϓͱͯ͠ͷͷൃల࣮ w Ҏ্ͷϓϩδΣΫτʹΑΔΤίγεςϜܗ w ίϯςφج൫ʹ͓͚Δࣄ্࣮ͷඪ४Խ w &,4(,&",4ʹΑΔಋೖোนͷ࣮࣭తͳԼ w &$4$MPVE3VOͱͷٕज़త༏Ґੑൺֱ w ײతͳϩοΫΠϯݒ೦ͷҙࢥܾఆͷӨڹ
νʔϜͷنͱख़ɺઐ43&νʔϜΛ࣋ͭ৫ͱ։ൃ ऀʹΑΔ݉ӡ༻ͰɺϓϥοτϑΥʔϜʹٻΊΔࣗಈԽͷ ߹͍͕ҟͳΔΑ͏ʹɺ৫ݻ༗ͷ࠷దղΛࣔࠦ͠·͢ɻ wӡ༻ମ੍ͱෛՙͷڐ༰ൣғ w ӡ༻ମ੍ͷݱ࣮ɺͷଈ࣌ରԠ͕Մೳͳ৫ͱཌӦ ۀରԠΛڐ༰͢Δ৫ͰɺϚωʔδυαʔϏεͷґଘ ͕มΘΔΑ͏ʹɺϓϥοτϑΥʔϜબఆͷຊ࣭తͳஅ࣠ ͱͳΓ·͢ɻकΔ͖ϧʔϧ͔ʁαʔϏε͔ʁ ݱ࣮ཧͷಓ͠Δɺ৫ͷࠓ͕ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜબఆͷ࠷ྑͷࢦͱͳΔɻ w "84ωΠςΟϒ׆༻৫ͱ,Tख़࿅৫Ͱͷ࠷దղͷҧ͍ w ΦϯϓϨϛε͔ΒͷίϯςφԽܦݧWTΫϥυωΠςΟϒ։ൃܦݧ w ϞϊϦε͔ΒϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷҠߦݟͷ༗ແ w &,4(,&",4࠾༻ͱόχϥ,Tࣗલߏஙͷબذ w ো࣌ͷҎ෮چ4-"WTཌӦۀରԠڐ༰ w ϚϧνΫϥελߏWTγϯάϧΫϥελߏ w ઐ43&νʔϜ໊ମ੍WT։ൃऀʹΑΔ݉ӡ༻ମ੍ w ΫϥυωΠςΟϒΞʔΩςΫτࡏ੶WT֎෦ίϯαϧλϯτґଘ w աڈؒͷ,Tຊ൪ӡ༻࣮WT1P$ஈ֊ͷٕज़ݕূ
࿚ͳج४ͱɺΧελϚΠζՄೳͳಠࣗͷηΩϡϦςΟ౷ ੍ͷؒͰɺ৫ͷϦεΫڐ༰ʹج͍ͮͨஅΛഭΒΕ ·͢ɻ wγεςϜཁ͔݅Βͷඞཁੑ w γεςϜཁ݅ɺ)551ಛԽܕϓϥοτϑΥʔϜͷޮ ੑͱ൚༻ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜͷॊೈੑͷؒͰɺϫʔΫϩʔ υͷଟ༷ੑʹԠͨ͡దͳબΛಋ͘ࢦඪͱͳΓ·͢ɻ ΞʔΩςΫνϟΛܾΊΔͷτϨϯυͰͳ͘ཁ݅Ͱ͋Δ w ઍ314ͷόʔετରԠWT҆ఆͨ͠ෛՙӡ༻ w $MPVE3VOͷࣗಈεέʔϧWT,Tͷ͖Ίࡉ੍͔͍ޚ w ίετޮॏࢹͷ༧ଌεέʔϧWTଈԠੑॏࢹͷࣗಈεέʔϧ w "1*αʔϏεͷ$MPVE3VO࠷దԽWT.-ϫʔΫϩʔυͷ,Tඞਢ w όονॲཧͷॊೈͳεέδϡʔϦϯάཁ݅ w ϦΞϧλΠϜσʔλॲཧͷϨΠςϯγཁ݅ w 1$*%44ཁ݅ԼͰͷ&,4Ϛωʔδυ࠾༻WTΦϯϓϨ,Tߏங w ϚϧνςφϯτڥͰͷϦιʔεͷཁ݅ w ۚ༥ن੍ԼͰͷࠪϩάཁ݅ͱϓϥοτϑΥʔϜબఆ
χΞͷʰΓ͍ͨʱʰಘҙʱͱ͍͏ൃతಈػͱɺ ৫ͷ࣋ଓՄೳͳਐԽΛཱ྆ͤ͞ΔબͱͳΔ͖ Ͱ͋Δɻ wٕज़తෛ࠴ͷରԠ w ٕज़తෛ࠴ɺ࣌ͱͯ͠ʰൃ߬ʱͱͯ͠ػೳ͠ɺ ৫ͷख़ʹԠٕͨ͡ज़બఆͱదͳཧʹΑΓɺ Ή͠ΖڧΈͱঢ՚ͤ͞Δ͜ͱ͕ՄೳͱͳΔɻ Կ͕ى͜Δ͔ͳΜ͔ͯΒͳ͍ͷͰࣦഊલఏͰߟ͓͍͑ͯͬͯ͘͏৺ߏ͑ w "84($1"[VSFશґଘWTϚϧνΫϥυࢄߏ w ୯ҰΫϥυͷ౷߹αʔϏε׆༻WTΫϥυΞάϊεςΟοΫઃܭ w ಛఆΫϥυͷߴػೳ࠾༻WT൚༻తͳ࣮ํࣜ w ϨΨγʔϞϊϦεࢿ࢈ͷஈ֊తϞμφΠζ w ӡ༻ࣗಈԽͷशख़ʹԠͨ͡ஈ֊తಋೖ w طଘΠϯϑϥࢿ࢈ͷ׆༻ͱഇغͷஅج४ w ཧ͞ΕͨυΩϡϝϯτͳΜͯͳΜ΅͍͍͋ͬͯͰ͔͢ΒͶʙ w ,TŧŔŕŪƂŜſνʔϜWT"84શཧղ৫ w άϩʔόϧల։Λݟਾ͑ͨϚϧνϦʔδϣϯߏ w ৽نαʔϏεՃʹ͏ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ֦ுੑ
νʔϜͷٕज़ελοΫͱܦݧ w γεςϜཁ݅ͱΞʔΩςΫνϟͷ੍ w ӡ༻ମ੍ͱෛՙͷڐ༰ൣғ wॊೈͳରԠྗΛҭͯΔ w ,&1ϦϦʔεରԠΛ௨ͨ͡มԽͷ༧ଌ w ஈ֊తͳಋೖͱݕূ w Γସ͍͑͢ઃܭΛҙࣝ͢Δ ᘳͳϚχϑΣετΞʔΩςΫνϟଘࡏ͠·ͤΜɻΉ͠Ζɺ ࣦഊΛલఏͱͨ͠ॊೈͳ৫ͮ͘ΓͱɺมԽʹରԠͰ͖Δٕज़ྗ ͷҭ͕ɺظతͳޭͷۙಓͱͳΓ·͢ɻ
(PPHMF͕࡞ͬͨࢄΞϓϦέʔγϣϯج൫ɺ#PSHͷจΛಡΈղ͘ಋೖฤ w IUUQTCMPHJOEVDUPSNFFOUSZ w ʙͷͱ͖Կ͕ى͖Δͷ͔,VCFSOFUFT൛ʂ w IUUQTHJUIVCDPNKBNJFIBOOBGPSEXIBUIBQQFOTXIFOLTUSFFNBTUFSKBKQ w ,VCFSOFUFTɺΊ·ͨ͠ w IUUQTCMPHGBUIFSHFEPXOFUHPPECZFLVCFSOFUFT w ͿΓ͙Β͍ʹΫϥυͬͨ݁Ռɺ,VCFSOFUFTҎ֎ͷϚωʔδυαʔϏεͱ͔جຊཁΒͳ͘ͳ͍ʁͱͳͬͨ w IUUQTVNBIBUFCMPKQFOUSZ w ,VCFSOFUFTʹ͓͚Δ$&-ͷهड़ํ๏·ͱΊ w IUUQTTSFBLFDPNCMPHLVCFSOFUFTDFMEFTDSJQUJPO
$/$'-BOETDBQF w IUUQTMBOETDBQFDODGJP w (SBEVBUFEBOE*ODVCBUJOH1SPKFDUT w IUUQTXXXDODGJPQSPKFDUT w ,VCFSOFUFTશΨΠυୈೋ൛ w IUUQTCPPLJNQSFTTDPKQCPPLT w ,VCFSOFUFT&OIBODFNFOU1SPQPTBMT ,&1T w IUUQTXXXLVCFSOFUFTEFWSFTPVSDFTLFQT w ,VCFSOFUFT%PDVNFOUBUJPO$PODFQUT8PSLMPBET w IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPEPDTDPODFQUTXPSLMPBET
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