A React Journey

The speed of innovation in the JavaScript world is insane: in a few months libraries, frameworks and tools can go from little experiments to something being used by millions of people. In this talk the attention will be focused on React, a library made by Facebook, and on the state of art of the state and data management (Redux/Mobx), testing (Enzyme), modules and syntax (Webpack/Babel) and style (CSS Modules).

Outline:

- React (Main concepts, Props, State, Component Lifecycles, Mixins, ES6 Syntax, Stateless Functional Components, High Order Components, Routing)

- State Management (Redux, Mobx)

- Testing (Enzyme)

- Webpack

- CSS Modules

Transcript

1. A React Journey A tour of the latest trends in the React ecosystem
2. JS Frontend Developer at LinkMe Srl Twitter: @_denb In love with React and Javascript in general. I’m a 7-month-old dad Daniele Bertella
3. JS Frontend Jr Developer at LinkMe Srl Twitter: @paolorovella In love with React and sushi, i’m an incurable tv shows binge watcher Paolo Rovella
4. React React is a JavaScript library for creating user interfaces https://facebook.github.io/react
5. React Main concepts Just the UI React is only concerned about rendering UI Virtual DOM React uses a Virtual DOM Diff implementation for ultra-high performance Data Flow React introduces one-way reactive data flow
6. Components
7. React A basic component
8. React JSX JSX is a XML-like syntax extension to ECMAScript https://facebook.github.io/jsx/
9. React Component Specs getInitialState() Invoked once before the component is mounted. The return value will be used as the initial value of this.state. getDefaultProps() Invoked once, before any instances are created. The return value will be used as the initial value of this.props. propTypes The propTypes object allows you to validate props being passed to your components
10. React Props Input data that is passed into the component and can be accessed via this.props The propTypes object allows you to validate props being passed to your components PropTypes validation provided https://facebook.github.io/react/docs/reusable-components.html#prop-validation
11. React State Internal state data A component can maintain internal state data (accessed via this.state) Re-render on state changes When a component's state data changes, the rendered markup will be updated by re-invoking render()
12. React Component Lifecycles Various methods are executed at specific points in a component's lifecycle. https://facebook.github.io/react/docs/component-specs.html#lifecycle-methods
13. React Mixins Share common functionality Break repetitive tasks out into standalone pieces optionally included within one or more components.
14. React ECMAScript 6 (ES6) is the upcoming sixth major release of the ECMAScript language specification. ES6 support is different among browsers (https://kangax.github.io/compat-table/es6/) You can use ES6 today thanks to transpilers like Babel ECMAScript 6 (ES6)
15. Babel Javascript compiler Transpile ES6/ES7 in ES5 (Classes / Destructuring / Arrow functions / Spread operator ...) http://babeljs.io
16. Babel Learn ES6 http://babeljs.io/docs/learn-es2015/
17. React ES5 to ES6 Classes ECMAScript 6 equivalents in ES5 by @addyosmani https://github.com/addyosmani/es6-equivalents-in-es5
18. React ES6 Destructuring ES6 Arrow function Expression that make it possible to extract data from arrays or object into dinstinct variables Shorter syntax compared to function expressions and binds the “this” value (not its own this). They are always anonymous
19. React ES6 Object Spread operator ES6 Decorators Copy properties from one object to another. The specification order is important Syntactic sugar which lets you annotate and modify classes at design time
20. React Stateless Functional Components Kill boilerplate code Dumb and predictable component No state, no component lifecycles
21. React High Order Components Reuse other components functionalities Reduce duplication of code Mixins Are Dead. Long Live Composition https://medium.com/@dan_abramov/mixins-are-dead-long-live-higher-order-components-94a0d2f9e750
22. React High Order Components Thanks @cef62 (Matteo Ronchi) https://speakerdeck.com/cef62/higher-order- components-in-react-at-voxxed-days-ticino-2016
23. React Routing (react-router) https://github.com/reactjs/react-router
24. State management
25. Redux By Dan Abramov (@dan_abramov) https://github.com/reactjs/redux Predictable state container for JavaScript apps. Three principles - Single source of truth - State is read only - Changes are made with pure functions
26. Redux App state App state described as a plain object This object is like a “model” except that there are no setters
27. Redux Actions The only way to mutate the state is to emit an action, an object describing what happened
28. Redux Reducers A function that takes previous state and action as arguments, and returns the next state of the app Split reducers in smaller functions managing parts of the state
29. Redux Reducers A reducer that manage the complete state can call other small reducers
30. Redux API combineReducers Combine different reducers in one createStore Two arguments, combined reducers and persisted state (optional)
31. Redux subscribe Adds a change listener. Called any time an action is dispatched, and some part of the state tree may potentially have changed getState Returns an object with the current state tree of your application dispatch Dispatches an action. This is the only way to trigger a state change Store
32. Redux react-redux Presentational and Container Components
33. Provider makes the store available to all container components in the app only need to use it once when you render the root component Redux react-redux
34. Redux react-redux connect(params)(Component) connects a React component to a Redux store. returns a new, connected component class
35. Redux react-redux mapStateToProps a function that tell how to transform the current Redux store state into the props you want to pass. mapDispatchToProps a function that receives dispatch() method and returns a callback props.
36. Redux Middlewares Suggested way to extend Redux with custom functionality They are called after an action is dispatched and before it reaches the reducer Multiple middlewares can be combined together
37. Redux Saga middleware let you create Sagas, which are generators responsible for orchestrating complex/asynchronous operations, to gather all your side effects logic in a central place Redux redux-thunk https://github.com/gaearon/redux-thunk Middlewares Redux Thunk middleware allows you to write action creators that return a function instead of an action The thunk can be used to delay the dispatch of an action, or to dispatch only if a certain condition is met redux-saga https://github.com/yelouafi/redux-saga
38. MobX By Michel Weststrate (@mweststrate) https://github.com/mobxjs/mobx MobX is a library that makes state management simple and scalable by transparently applying functional reactive programming
39. Functional reactive programming Functional reactive programming is programming with asynchronous data streams which you can listen to and react accordingly The introduction to Reactive Programming you've been missing https://gist.github.com/staltz/868e7e9bc2a7b8c1f754
40. MobX Store (observable/computed) @observable state observable capabilities to objects, arrays and class instances annotating properties with the @observable decorator @computed values that will be derived automatically when relevant data is modified
41. @action action is anything that modify the state and is always triggered by some event (DOM events, websockets etc) MobX Store (action)
42. MobX @observer observer function / decorator is used to turn ReactJS components into reactive components. In this component store can be passed as a prop mobx-react
43. MobX Flow API overview https://mobxjs.github.io/mobx/refguide/api.html In-depth explanation of MobX https://medium.com/@mweststrate/becoming-fully-reactive-an-in-depth- explanation-of-mobservable-55995262a254
44. Testing
45. Enzyme By Airbnb (@airbnb) https://github.com/airbnb/enzyme Enzyme is a JavaScript testing utility for React. React components are easy to test because they simply return a description for what UI of the component should look like. This “description” is the “Virtual DOM” and is a tree-like data structure
46. Enzyme Shallow is the recommended mode to start with since it does a better job of isolating your tests to just a single component Shallow rendering Enzyme exports three different “modes” to render and test components: shallow, mount, and render.
47. Enzyme Enzyme Selectors can find nodes by 4 categories: CSS selectors React component constructor React component display name Object properties Enzyme selectors
48. Enzyme Concise and elegant way of simulating user events, one of the trickier aspects of UI testing. Just pass the name of the event you want to simulate, along with any required data Event simulations
49. Webpack Module bundler Loaders Plugins http://webpack.github.io
50. Webpack Module bundler
51. Webpack Loaders Test A regular expression that matches the file extensions that should run through this loader (required) Include / Exclude Set which folders and files the loader should add or ignore Loader The name of the loader (required) Query Used to pass Additional options to the loader
52. Webpack Plugins Tutorial http://www.pro-react.com/materials/appendixA Plugins have the ability to inject themselves into the build process to introduce custom behaviors. They do not operate like loaders on individual source files: they influence the build process as a whole.
53. CSS in JS https://github.com/MicheleBertoli/css-in-js React: CSS in JS techniques comparison
54. CSS Modules Concept of using a module bundler, such as webpack, to load CSS scoped to a particular document https://github.com/css-modules/css-modules
55. CSS Modules Webpack configuration https://github.com/css-modules/webpack-demo
56. CSS Modules How to use
57. CSS Modules Composition https://github.com/css-modules/webpack- demo/tree/master/src/components/3-ClassComposition
58. CSS Modules Composition
59. Atomic CSS Modules https://medium.com/yplan-eng/atomic-css-modules-cb44d5993b27 https://speakerdeck.com/michelebertoli/css-in-js
60. One more thing...
61. https://speakerdeck.com/paolorovella/react-native