Introduction to Event Sourcing and CQRS TrueNorthPHP 2016

Have you heard about event sourcing and wondered what it is all about? Have you looked into it and wondered what sort of sorcery is going on behind the scenes that makes this magical technology work? Are you convinced that you cannot possibly move your existing applications to be event sourced? Take a step back and learn how event sourcing can be applied to a simple database-backed object model with little to no fuss. From there, see how you can start adding read models and begin to see how event sourcing and CQRS (Command Query Responsibility Segregation) go hand in hand!

Transcript

1. Introduction to Event Sourcing and CQRS git.io/vUb0C https://github.com/dflydev/es-cqrs-broadway-workshop Beau Simensen <@beausimensen> Willem-Jan Zijderveld <@willemjanz> joind.in/talk/819e8
2. Strategy is hugely important! But today we'll be looking at tactics...
3. My Story
4. Domain-Driven Design and finding "purity" (I believe the latter has contributed greatly to my occasional grumpiness)
5. I was stuck in the land of persisting last known state
6. Event Sourcing & CQRS
7. CQRS
8. Command / Query Responsibility Segregation
11. Our Model
12. class Post { /** @var string */ private $id; /** @var string */ private $title; /** @var string */ private $content; /** @var string */ private $category; /** @var bool[] */ private $tags = []; }
13. class Post { public function __construct($id) { $this->id = $id; } public function getId() { return $this->id; } public function getTitle() { return $this->title; } public function getContent() { return $this->content; } public function getCategory() { return $this->category; } public function getTags() { return array_keys($this->tags); } }
14. class Post { public function publish($title, $content, $category) { $this->title = $title; $this->content = $content; $this->category = $category; } public function addTag($tag) { $this->tags[$tag] = true; } public function removeTag($tag) { if (isset($this->tags[$tag])) { unset($this->tags[$tag]); } } }
15. interface PostRepository { public function find($id); public function findAll(); public function save($post); }
16. Assumption: This model is "Business Correct"
17. Back to reality
18. UI Requirement #1 We MUST be able to see a count of the number of posts with each category.
19. // Raw SQL SELECT COUNT(*) FROM post GROUP BY category ... or using the (No)SQL-Like language or query builder thingy for your ORM/ODM of choice
20. UI Requirement #2 We MUST be able to see a count of the number of posts with each tag.
21. // Raw SQL (maybe?) SELECT COUNT(*) FROM post_tags WHERE tag = :tag GROUP BY tag ... since tags is array-ish, this depends quite a bit on the underlying implementation...
22. // Raw SQL (maybe?) SELECT COUNT(*) FROM post_tags WHERE tag = :tag GROUP BY tag Oh, btw, did you serialize a raw array into your column? You're probably out of luck!
23. Also... where should this code go?
24. interface PostRepository { // ... public function getNumberOfPostsWithCategory($category); public function getNumberOfPostsWithTag($tag); }
25. Exposing a query builder could turn out to be a lot of work And would likely leak implementation details (Think: post_tags)
26. UI starts to influence the domain model
27. Optimize for...
28. Read?
29. Write?
30. BOTH!
31. Introduce Read Models with a little help from events
32. Model -> ??? -> Read Model?
33. Events describe interesting things that have already happened
34. Use past tense names AccountWasCharged, PricingLevelChanged, PilotEjectedFromPlane
35. What events describe interesting things that have happened to our Post?
36. class Post { public function publish($title, $content, $category) { /** */ } public function addTag($tag) { /** */ } public function removeTag($tag) { /** */ } }
37. class Post { // PostWasPublished, PostWasCategorized, PostWasUncategorized public function publish($title, $content, $category) { /** */ } public function addTag($tag) { /** */ } public function removeTag($tag) { /** */ } }
38. class Post { // PostWasPublished, PostWasCategorized, PostWasUncategorized public function publish($title, $content, $category) { /** */ } // PostWasTagged public function addTag($tag) { /** */ } public function removeTag($tag) { /** */ } }
39. class Post { // PostWasPublished, PostWasCategorized, PostWasUncategorized public function publish($title, $content, $category) { /** */ } // PostWasTagged public function addTag($tag) { /** */ } // PostWasUntagged public function removeTag($tag) { /** */ } }
40. interface RecordsEvents { public function getRecordedEvents(); }
41. class Post implements RecordsEvents { // // Could be implemented as a base class / trait // private $recordedEvents = []; public function getRecordedEvents() { return $this->recordedEvents; } protected function recordEvent($event) { $this->recordedEvents[] = $event; } }
42. class Post { public function addTag($tag) { if (isset($this->tags[$tag])) { return; } $this->tags[$tag] = true; $this->recordEvent(new PostWasTagged( $this->id, $tag )); } }
43. class Post { public function removeTag($tag) { if (! isset($this->tags[$tag])) { return; } unset($this->tags[$tag]); $this->recordEvent(new PostWasUntagged( $this->id, $tag )); } }
44. class Post { public function publish($title, $content, $category) { $this->uncategorizeIfCategoryChanged($category); $this->title = $title; $this->content = $content; $this->category = $category; } private uncategorizeIfCategoryChanged($category) { if ($category === $this->category || ! $this->category) { return; } $this->recordEvent(new PostWasUncategorized( $this->id, $this->category )); } }
45. class Post { public function publish($title, $content, $category) { $this->uncategorizeIfCategoryChanged($category); $this->categorizeIfCatagoryChanged($category); $this->title = $title; $this->content = $content; $this->category = $category; } private categorizeIfCatagoryChanged($category) { if ($category === $this->category) { return; } $this->recordEvent(new PostWasCategorized( $this->id, $this->category )); } }
46. Model -> Events -> ??? -> Read Model?
47. The Goal Every time an object is saved its recorded events are dispatched
48. Event Bus (... or event dispatcher or whatever)
49. Infrastructure Listener
50. use Doctrine\Common\EventSubscriber; class DoctrinePostSubscriber implements EventSubscriber { private $eventBus; public function __construct($eventBus) { $this->eventBus = $eventBus; } public function getSubscribedEvents() { return ['postPersist']; } public function postPersist(EventArgs $eventArgs) { $object = $eventArgs->getObject(); if ($object instanceof RecordsEvents) { $this->eventBus->dispatchAll($object->getRecordedEvents()); } } }
51. Post::saving(function (Post $post) use ($eventBus) { $eventBus->dispatchAll($post->getRecordedEvents()); });
52. Repository
53. class SomePostRepository implements PostRepository { private $eventBus; public function __construct(/** ... */, $eventBus) { // ... $this->eventBus = $eventBus; } public function save($post) { // ... $this->eventBus->dispatchAll($post->getRecordedEvents()); } }
54. class RecordedEventDispatchingPostRepository implements PostRepository { private $postRepository; private $eventBus; public function __construct(PostRepository $postRepository, $eventBus) { $this->postRepository = $postRepository; $this->eventBus = $eventBus; } public function find($id) { return $this->postRepository->find($id); } public function findAll() { return $this->postRepository->findAll(); } public function save($post) { $this->postRepository->save($post); $this->eventBus->dispatchAll($post->getRecordedEvents()); } }
55. Model -> Events -> Event Bus -> ??? -> Read Model?
56. Read Model
57. class PostTagCount { private $tag; private $count; public function __construct($tag, $count) { $this->tag = $tag; $this->count = $count; } public function getTag() { return $this->tag; } public function getCount() { return $this->count; } }
58. interface PostTagCountRepository { public function find($tag); public function findAll(); public function increment($tag); public function decrement($tag); }
59. class RedisPostTagCountRepository implements PostTagCountRepository { const KEY = 'post_tag_count'; private $redis; public function __construct($redis) { $this->redis = $redis; } }
60. class RedisPostTagCountRepository implements PostTagCountRepository { public function increment($tag) { $this->redis->hincrby(static::KEY, $tag, 1); } public function decrement($tag) { $this->redis->hincrby(static::KEY, $tag, -1); } }
61. class RedisPostTagCountRepository implements PostTagCountRepository { public function find($tag) { $count = $this->redis->hget(static::KEY, $tag); if (is_null($count)) { return null; } return new PostTagCount($tag, $count); } public function findAll() { $results = []; foreach ($this->redis->hgetall(static::KEY) as $tag => $count) { $results[] = new PostTagCount($tag, $count); } return $results; } }
62. class PostCategoryCount { private $category; private $count; public function __construct($category, $count) { $this->category = $category; $this->count = $count; } public function getCategory() { return $this->category; } public function getCount() { return $this->count; } }
63. interface PostCategoryCountRepository { public function find($category); public function findAll(); public function increment($category); public function decrement($category); }
64. class EloquentPostCategoryCountRepository implements PostCategoryCountRepository { public function find($category) { try { $post_category_count = PostCategoryCount::firstOrFail([ 'category' => $category, ]); return new PostCategoryCount( $category, $post_category_count->category_count ); } catch (\Exception $e) { return null; } } }
65. class EloquentPostCategoryCountRepository implements PostCategoryCountRepository { public function increment($category) { DB::transactional(function () { $post_category_count = PostCategoryCount::firstOrNew([ 'category' => $category, ]); $post_category_count->category_count++; $post_category_count->save(); }); } }
66. class EloquentPostCategoryCountRepository implements PostCategoryCountRepository { public function decrement($category) { DB::transactional(function () { $post_category_count = PostCategoryCount::firstOrNew([ 'category' => $category, ]); $post_category_count->category_count--; $post_category_count->save(); }); } }
67. Read Model is not bound in any way to Model's persistence layer (though it could be...)
68. Read Model can be optimized for speed and specific query requirements
69. Model -> Events -> Event Bus -> ??? -> Read Model!
70. Projector
71. interface Projector { public function handle($event); }
72. abstract class ConventionBasedProjector implements Projector { public function handle($event) { $method = $this->getHandleMethod($event); if (! method_exists($this, $method)) { return; } $this->$method($event, $event); } private function getHandleMethod($event) { $classParts = explode('\\', get_class($event)); return 'apply' . end($classParts); } }
73. class PostCategoryCountProjector extends ConventionBasedProjector { private $repository; public function __construct(PostCategoryCountRepository $repository) { $this->repository = $repository; } public function applyPostWasCategorized(PostWasCategorized $event) { $this->repository->increment($event->category); } public function applyPostWasUncategorized(PostWasUncategorized $event) { $this->repository->decrement($event->category); } }
74. Model -> Events -> Event Bus -> Projector -> Read Model!
75. You could stop here...
76. We've augmented state based Model persistence with event driven Read Models to account for specialized query requirements
77. But have we achieved Command / Query Segregation?
78. Not really...
79. We've created a Read Model ... but remember these getters?
80. class Post { public function getId() { return $this->id; } public function getTitle() { return $this->title; } public function getContent() { return $this->content; } public function getCategory() { return $this->category; } public function getTags() { return array_keys($this->tags); } }
81. class Post { public function getId() { return $this->id; } //public function getTitle() { return $this->title; } //public function getContent() { return $this->content; } //public function getCategory() { return $this->category; } //public function getTags() { // return array_keys($this->tags); //} }
82. ?!?!?!
83. Time to introduce Yet Another Read Model
84. class PublishedPost { public $id; public $title; public $content; public $category; public function __construct($id) { $this->id = $id; } }
85. interface PublishedPostRepository { public function find($id); public function findAll(); public function save($publishedPost); }
86. class Post { public function publish($title, $content, $category) { $this->uncategorizeIfCategoryChanged($category); $this->categorizeIfCatagoryChanged($category); $this->title = $title; $this->content = $content; $this->category = $category; $this->recordEvent(new PostWasPublished( $this->id, $title, $content, $category )); } }
87. class PublishedPostProjector extends ConventionBasedProjector { private $repository; public function __construct(PublishedPostRepository $repository) { $this->repository = $repository; } public function applyPostWasPublished(PostWasPublished $event) { $publishedPost = $this->repository->find($event->id); $publishedPost->title = $event->title; $publishedPost->content = $event->content; $publishedPost->category = $event->category; $this->repository->save($publishedPost); } }
88. Why would this be problematic? class Post { public function __construct($id) { $this->id = $id; $this->recordEvent(new PostWasCreated($id)); } }
89. Every time a new Post is instantiated it would result in recording a new PostWasCreated event (not really what we are going for here...)
90. class Post { public static function create($id) { $instance = new static($id); $instance->recordEvent(new PostWasCreated($id)); return $instance; } }
91. class PublishedPostProjector extends ConventionBasedProjector { public function applyPostWasCreated(PostWasCreated $event) { $publishedPost = new PublishedPost($event->id); $this->repository->save($publishedPost); } public function applyPostWasPublished(PostWasPublished $event) { $publishedPost = $this->repository->find($event->id); $publishedPost->title = $event->title; $publishedPost->content = $event->content; $publishedPost->category = $event->category; $this->repository->save($publishedPost); } }
92. Impact on a controller? // before... Route::get('/post/{id}', function ($id) { return view('post')->withPost( $postRepository->find($id) ); }); // after... Route::get('/post/{id}', function ($id) { return view('post')->withPost( $publishedPostRepository->find($id); ); });
93. What is our stateful model doing for us? Keep in mind that Post no longer has getters!
94. Is state important here? class Post { public function addTag($tag) { if (isset($this->tags[$tag])) { return; } $this->tags[$tag] = true; $this->recordEvent(new PostWasTagged( $this->id, $tag )); } }
95. Is state important here? class Post { public function removeTag($tag) { if (! isset($this->tags[$tag])) { return; } unset($this->tags[$tag]); $this->recordEvent(new PostWasUntagged( $this->id, $tag )); } }
96. Is state important here? class Post { public function __construct($id) { $this->id = $id; } }
97. Is state important here? class Post { public function publish($title, $content, $category) { $this->uncategorizeIfCategoryChanged($category); $this->categorizeIfCatagoryChanged($category); $this->title = $title; $this->content = $content; $this->category = $category; $event = new PostWasPublished($this->id, $title, $content, $category); $this->recordEvent($event); } }
98. Is state important here? class Post { public function publish($title, $content, $category) { $this->uncategorizeIfCategoryChanged($category); $this->categorizeIfCatagoryChanged($category); //$this->title = $title; //$this->content = $content; $this->category = $category; $event = new PostWasPublished($this->id, $title, $content, $category); $this->recordEvent($event); } }
99. We have the data in the read model...
100. But the read model data should be considered volatile
101. What if we find a bug in the projections? Our source of truth would be tainted.
102. What if Redis crashes? We lose the data altogether.
103. Potential solution? What if we store all of the published events...
104. Potential solution? ... so we could replay them through the projectors if needed?
105. Potential solution? ... which would mean we could replay them through NEW projectors?
106. Potential solution? ... wouldn't that mean we should be able to rebuild the model itself from past events?
107. Model -> Events -> ??? -> Event Bus -> Projector -> Read Model!
108. Step 1 Make Post capable of handling events
109. class Post { protected function handle($event) { $method = $this->getHandleMethod($event); if (! method_exists($this, $method)) { return; } $this->$method($event); } private function getHandleMethod($event) { $classParts = explode('\\', get_class($event)); return 'apply' . end($classParts); } }
110. Step 2 Make recordEvent() handle events (ideally we'd rename this method)
111. class Post { protected function recordEvent($event) { $this->handle($event); $this->recordedEvents[] = $event; } }
112. Step 3 Move state changes into event handler methods
113. class Post { public function __construct($id) { $this->id = $id; } }
114. class Post { private function __construct() { // $this->id = $id; } private function applyPostWasCreated(PostWasCreated $event) { $this->id = $event->id; } }
115. class Post { public function addTag($tag) { if (isset($this->tags[$tag])) { return; } $this->tags[$tag] = true; $this->recordEvent(new PostWasTagged( $this->id, $tag )); } }
116. class Post { public function addTag($tag) { if (isset($this->tags[$tag])) { return; } // $this->tags[$tag] = true; $this->recordEvent(new PostWasTagged( $this->id, $tag )); } private function applyPostWasTagged(PostWasTagged $event) { $this->tags[$event->tag] = true; } }
117. class Post { public function removeTag($tag) { if (! isset($this->tags[$tag])) { return; } unset($this->tags[$tag]); $this->recordEvent(new PostWasUntagged( $this->id, $tag )); } }
118. class Post { public function removeTag($tag) { if (! isset($this->tags[$tag])) { return; } // unset($this->tags[$tag]); $this->recordEvent(new PostWasUntagged( $this->id, $tag )); } private function applyPostWasUntagged(PostWasUntagged $event) { unset($this->tags[$event->tag]); } }
119. class Post { public function publish($title, $content, $category) { $this->uncategorizeIfCategoryChanged($category); $this->categorizeIfCatagoryChanged($category); $this->title = $title; $this->content = $content; $this->category = $category; $this->recordEvent(new PostWasPublished( $this->id, $title, $content, $category )); } }
120. class Post { public function publish($title, $content, $category) { $this->uncategorizeIfCategoryChanged($category); $this->categorizeIfCatagoryChanged($category); //$this->title = $title; //$this->content = $content; //$this->category = $category; $this->recordEvent(new PostWasPublished( $this->id, $title, $content, $category )); } private function applyPostWasCategorized(PostWasCategorized $event) { $this->category = $event->category; } }
121. Step 4 Initializing State from previously recorded events
122. interface AppliesRecordedEvents { public function applyRecordedEvents(array $events); }
123. class Post implements AppliesRecordedEvents { public function applyRecordedEvents(array $events) { foreach ($events as $event) { $this->handle($event); } } }
124. Oh noes! How do we instantiate a new instance without specifying an ID?
125. class Post { private function __construct() { } }
126. class Post { private function __construct() { } public static function instantiateForReconstitution() { return new static(); } }
127. $post1 = Post::create(1); $post1->publish('hello', 'world', 'draft'); $post1->addTag('es'); $post1->addTag('cqrs'); $post1->removeTag('es'); $recordedEvents = $post1->getRecordedEvents(); // $recordedEvents = [ // new PostWasCreated(1), // new PostWasPublished(1, 'hello', 'world', 'draft'), // new PostWasTagged(1, 'es'), // new PostWasTagged(1, 'cqrs'), // new PostWasUntagged(1, 'es'), // ]; $post2 = Post::instantiateForReconstitution(); $post2->applyRecordedEvents($recordedEvents);
128. Event Store Load existing events and append new events
129. Identity An event stream should exist for each object
130. interface EventStore { /** * @param string $identity * @return array Previously recorded events */ public function load($identity); /** * @param string $identity * @param array Newly recorded events * @return void */ public function append($identity, array $events); }
131. WARNING This is an extremely over simplified event store interfaces
132. $post = Post::create('some-identity'); $post->publish('hello', 'world', 'draft'); $post->addTag('es'); $post->addTag('cqrs'); $post->removeTag('es'); $recordedEvents = $post->getRecordedEvents(); $eventStore->append( 'some-identity', $recordedEvents );
133. $recordedEvents = $eventStore->load('some-identity'); $post = Post::instantiateForReconstitution(); $post->applyRecordedEvents($recordedEvents);
134. EventStoreAndDispatchingPostRepository implements PostRepository { public function __construct($eventStore, $eventBus) { $this->eventStore = $eventStore; $this->eventBus = $eventBus; } }
135. EventStoreAndDispatchingPostRepository implements PostRepository { public function save(Post $post) { $recordedEvents = $post->getRecordedEvents(); $this->eventStore->append( $post->getId(), $recordedEvents ); $this->eventBus->dispatchAll($recordedEvents); } }
136. EventStoreAndDispatchingPostRepository implements PostRepository { public function find($id) { $recordedEvents = $this->eventStore->load($id); $post = Post::instantiateForReconstitution(); $post->applyRecordedEvents($recordedEvents); return $post; } public function findAll() { // ??? } }
137. Queries will likely be slow So operations like findAll() may be problematic depending on Event Store implementation
138. Take advantage of CQRS Queries like "find all" should be coming from your read model anyway!
139. interface PostRepository { public function find($id); public function findAll(); public function save($post); }
140. interface PostRepository { public function find($id); //public function findAll(); public function save($post); }
141. Event Sourcing!
142. Model -> Events -> Event Store -> Event Bus -> Projector -> Read Model!
143. So have we now achieved Command / Query Segregation?
144. Yes!
145. And we can still TEST it!
146. Given, When, Then.
147. $this->scenario ->given([ new PostWasCreated($id), new PostWasCategorized($id, 'news'), new PostWasPublished($id, 'title', 'content', 'news'), new PostWasTagged($id, 'event-sourcing'), new PostWasTagged($id, 'broadway'), ]) ->when(function (Post $post) { $post->addTag('cqrs'); }) ->then([ new PostWasTagged($id, 'cqrs'), ]) ;
148. class PostScenario { public function __construct(TestCase $testCase) { $this->testCase = $testCase; } }
149. class PostScenario { public function given(array $givens = []) { if (! $givens) { $this->post = null; return $this; } $post = Post::instantiateForReconstitution(); $post->applyRecordedEvents($givens); $this->post = $post; return $this; } }
150. class PostScenario { public function when($when) { if (! is_callable($when)) { return $this; } if ($this->post) { $when($this->post); } else { $this->post = $when(null); } return $this; } }
151. class PostScenario { public function then(array $thens) { $this->testCase->assertEquals( $thens, $this->post->getRecordedEvents() ); $this->post->clearRecordedEvents(); return $this; } }
152. [live code]
153. So we have now achieved Command / Query Segregation!
154. But there is another thing we can do...
155. Let's make Commands EXPLICIT in our domain
156. Events represent activities that happened in the past
157. Commands represent things that should happen in the future
158. Use imperative names ChargeAccount, ChangePricingLevel, EjectPilotFromPlane
159. What do we need to know in order to be able to publish a Post? Route::put('/post/{id}', function ($request, $postRepository, $id) { $post = $postRepository->find($id); $post->publish($request->title, $request->content, $request->category); $postRepository->save($post); return view('post.published'); });
160. What name should we use for the Command to publish a Post? Route::put('/post/{id}', function ($request, $postRepository, $id) { $post = $postRepository->find($id); $post->publish($request->title, $request->content, $request->category); $postRepository->save($post); return view('post.published'); });
161. class PublishPost { public $id; public $title; public $content; public $category; public function __construct($id, $title, $content, $category) { $this->id = $id; $this->title = $title; $this->content = $content; $this->category = $category; } }
162. Command -> ??? -> Model -> Events -> Event Store -> Event Bus -> Projector -> Read Model!
163. Command Bus
164. Similar to Event Bus But used for Commands :)
165. Route::put('/post/{id}', function ($request, $commandBus, $id) { // $post = $postRepository->find($id); // $post->publish($request->title, $request->content, $request->category); // $postRepository->save($post); $commandBus->dispatch(new PublishPost( $id, $request->title, $request->content, $request->category )); return view('post.published'); });
166. Command -> Command Bus -> ??? -> Model -> Events -> Event Store -> Event Bus -> Projector -> Read Model!
167. Command Handler
168. Responsible for running the Command on the model
169. Only one Command Handler for each Command
170. interface CommandHandler { public function handle($command); }
171. abstract class ConventionBasedCommandHandler implements CommandHandler { public function handle($command) { $method = $this->getHandleMethod($command); if (! method_exists($this, $method)) { return; } $this->$method($command); } private function getHandleMethod($command) { if (! is_object($command)) { throw new CommandNotAnObjectException(); } $classParts = explode('\\', get_class($command)); return 'handle' . end($classParts); } }
172. class PublishPostHandler extends ConventionBasedCommandHandler { private $postRepository; public function __construct($postRepository) { $this->postRepository = $postRepository; } public function handlePublishPost(PublishPost $command) { $post = $this->postRepository->find($command->id); $post->publish( $command->title, $command->content, $command->category ); $this->postRepository->save($post); } }
173. Route::put('/post/{id}', function ($request, $commandBus, $id) { $commandBus->dispatch(new PublishPost( $id, $request->title, $request->content, $request->category )); return view('post.published'); }); class PublishPostHandler { public function handlePublishPost(PublishPost $command) { $post = $this->postRepository->find($command->id); $post->publish( $command->title, $command->content, $command->category ); $this->postRepository->save($post); } }
174. Command -> Command Bus -> Command Handler -> Model -> Events -> Event Store -> Event Bus -> Projector -> Read Model!
175. We can test command handlers, too!
176. Given, When, Then.
177. $this->scenario ->given([ new PostWasCreated($id), new PostWasCategorized($id, 'news'), new PostWasPublished($id, 'title', 'content', 'news'), new PostWasTagged($id, 'event-sourcing'), new PostWasTagged($id, 'broadway'), ]) ->when(new TagPost($id, 'cqrs')) ->then([ new PostWasTagged($id, 'cqrs'), ]) ;
178. class PostHandlerScenario { public function __construct( TestCase $testCase, SpyingEventStore $eventStore, $commandHandler ) { $this->testCase = $testCase; $this->eventStore = $eventStore; $this->commandHandler = $commandHandler; } }
179. class PostHandlerScenario { public function withId($id) { $this->id = $id; return $this; } }
180. class PostHandlerScenario { public function given(array $events = []) { if (! $events) { return $this; } foreach ($events as $event) { $this->eventStore->appendEvents($this->id, [$event]); } $this->eventStore->clearRecordedEvents(); return $this; } }
181. class PostHandlerScenario { public function when($command) { $this->commandHandler->handle($command); return $this; } }
182. class PostHandlerScenario { public function then(array $events = []) { $this->testCase->assertEquals( $events, $this->eventStore->getRecordedEvents() ); $this->eventStore->clearRecordedEvents(); return $this; } }
183. abstract class AbstractPostHandlerTest extends \PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { protected $scenario; public function setUp() { $eventStore = new SpyingEventStore(new InMemoryEventStore()); $eventBus = new SimpleEventBus(); $postRepository = new SuperAwesomePostRepository($eventStore, $eventBus); $this->scenario = new PostHandlerScenario( $this, $eventStore, $this->createCommandHandler($postRepository) ); } abstract protected function createCommandHandler(PostRepository $postRepository); }
184. class CreatePostHandlerTest extends AbstractPostHandlerTest { /** @test */ public function it_can_create() { $id = 'my-id'; $this->scenario ->when(new CreatePost($id)) ->then([ new PostWasCreated($id), ]) ; } protected function createCommandHandler(PostRepository $postRepository) { return new CreatePostHandler($postRepository); } }
185. [live code]
187. Be Practical Do you need to implement this yourself?
188. Broadway labs.qandidate.com
189. <live coding>
190. Thanks! git.io/vUb0C @moniidev • @Qandidate • @thatpodcast Beau Simensen <@beausimensen> Willem-Jan Zijderveld <@willemjanz> joind.in/talk/819e8