Mastering Gradle 3

Gradle tips for Android. Presented talk at GDG DevFest Baroda 2017. Simple and straightforward tips with "Why?" & "How?".

Transcript

1. Mastering Gradle 3.0 ... GDG DevFest Baroda 2017
2. SnehPandya18 SnehPandya18 @SnehPandya18 +SnehPandya1 Android Developer Simform Solutions Technophile Always learning
3. • It is for everyone! • Gradle!? • Tips → What, Why & How? • Resources! Quickie
4. Let’s Start tttt
5. • Build Automation Tool or Build System • Groovy based → DSL • Java, Groovy, Scala, etc What is Gradle?
6. android { buildTypes { release { shrinkResources true minifyEnabled true proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile(‘proguard-android.txt’), ‘proguard-rules.txt’ } } } Shrink code & resources
7. minifyEnabled → ProGuard (project) → remove unused code shrinkResources → remove unused resources only minifyEnabled vs shrinkResources?
8. Spoiler! Don’t forget to add ProGuard files on Play Store for deobfuscation on crashes
9. productFlavors { dev { minSdkVersion 21 } prod { minSdkVersion 16 } } Avoid Legacy MultiDex •Legacy multiDex == multiDex + minSdkVersion < 21 •Slows down build significantly •Android Studio 2.3+ avoids this automatically, whenever possible
10. splits { abi { enable false exclude “tvdpi” “560dpi” } density { enable false } } Disable multi-APK generation •Multiple smaller APKs that target specific device configurations for release •Not needed during debug or development phase
11. productFlavors { dev { minSdkVersion 21 resConfigs (“en”, “xhdpi”) . . . } } Include minimal resources
12. android { aaptOptions { cruncherEnabled false } } Disable PNG crunching •Android Build Tools perform PNG size optimizations by default
13. • Android Asset Packaging Tool • Check pixel values (RGB, Grayscale, etc) • Test opacity • Test pixel value → matrix index conversion What the heck is ‘aapt’?
14. android { dexOptions { preDexLibraries true maxProcessCount 8 //default 4 javaMaxHeapSize “4g” } } Use DEX options •Android uses DEX instead of bytecode •Builds are generated faster •Specifies maximum memory allocation for Dex compiler
15. android { buildTypes { debug { ext.alwaysUpdateBuildId false . . . } Use Crashlytics “properly”! •apply plugin:‘io.fabric’ •Generates on every new build!
16. android { dependencies { compile ‘com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.0+’ //don’t do this! compile ‘com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.0.1’ //do this } } Don’t use dynamic versions
17. org.gradle.jvmargs=-Xmx1536m //Default Dex compiler memory (min) org.gradle.jvmargs=-Xmx3096m //Default Dex compiler memory •Dex compiler runs within the build process, rather than separate VM-process •Enough memory provided by default in Android Studio 2.1+ Gradle arguments (gradle.properties)
18. gradle=build -x lint -x lintVitalRelease //avoids lint checks •Lint checking: 50%~ time! •Not good for debug builds •Perfect for release builds Gradle arguments (gradle.properties)
19. org.gradle.daemon=true //decreases the startup & execution time org.gradle.parallel=true //builds project in parallel (multi-module) org.gradle.caching=true //store task outputs from previous builds org.gradle.configureondemand=true //only required projects changes Gradle arguments (gradle.properties)
20. android { dependencies { implementation project(‘:libXYZ’) //compile is now deprecated api project(‘:libABC’) //works same as compile } } Dependency config in Gradle 3.0
21. android { dependencies { compile(‘com.google.firebase:firebase-core:11.2.0’) { exclude group: ‘com.google.android.gms’, module: ‘play-services-basement’ } } } Conflicting & repeating dependencies
22. Bonus Tips!
23. buildTypes.each { it.buildConfigField ‘String’, ‘API_URL’, ‘“https://api.github.com/”’ it.resValue ‘String’, ‘API_KEY’, ‘“1948123213”’ . . . } BONUS Tip: Use buildConfig
24. def keystorePropertiesFile = rootProject.file(“../../ABCProject/keystore.properties”) def keystoreProperties = new Properties() keystoreProperties.load(new FileInputStream(keystorePropertiesFile)) android { signingConfigs { debug { keyAlias keystoreProperties [‘keyAlias’] keyPassword keystoreProperties [‘keyPassword’] storePassword keystoreProperties [‘storePassword’] storeFile file(“$project.rootDir/settings/keystore/xyzproject”) . . . } BONUS Tip: Keystore in build.gradle
25. •Brought to you by Google! •Better compression & transparency •Smaller than PNGs & JPGs •Android Studio 2.3+ supports WebP conversion •Easy to convert •Lossy → Android 4.0 (API 14); Lossless → Android 4.3 (API 18) BONUS Tip: WebP instead of PNGs!
26. •Documentation (https://developer.android.com/studio/build/gradle-tips.html) •Proguard Snippets (https://github.com/krschultz/android-proguard-snippets) •Gradle, Please! (http://gradleplease.appspot.com) •Proguard, Please! (http://proguardplease.com) •Known Issues: http://tools.android.com/knownissues Useful Resources!
27. May The Code Be With You! Sneh Pandya @SnehPandya18