ຊԻڹֶձࡶղઆهࣄɿIUUQTXXXKTUBHFKTUHPKQBSUJDMFKBTK@@BSUJDMFDIBSKB ݄ΑΓΦʔϓϯΞΫηε ੜαϯϓϧσϞϖʔδɿIUUQTXXXPLBNPUPDBNFSBDPNOFVSBM@TQFFDI@TZOUIFTJTJOEFYIUNM χϡʔϥϧԻܗੜϞσϧͷൺֱ <latexit sha1_base64="IGMChlbsVRi5JP0W+/rnhKI5Hfk=">AAACf3ichVG7ThtBFD1eHgETwCQNShoLi0dlXSMrECoiGkrAGJAAWbvD2B55vbvanbUAC4k6P5CCCiRAEQX5Bxp+gMKfgFISiYYi1+uVECDgjmbmzJl77pyZsTxbBZqolTC6unt6P/T1Jwc+Dg4Np0Y+rQVu6AtZFK7t+huWGUhbObKolbblhudLs27Zct2qLbT31xvSD5TrrOo9T27XzYqjykqYmqlS6suWlru6+UO4YaCVSJelqUNfBumDaimVoSxFkX4JcjHIII4lN3WOLezAhUCIOiQcaMY2TATcNpEDwWNuG03mfEYq2pc4QJK1IWdJzjCZrfFY4dVmzDq8btcMIrXgU2zuPivTGKcb+k13dE0XdEsPr9ZqRjXaXvZ4tjpa6ZWGf44W7t9V1XnWqD6q3vSsUcZs5FWxdy9i2rcQHX1j/9ddYW5lvDlBJ/SX/R9Ti674Bk7jnzhdlitHSPIH5J4/90uwNp3Nfcvml/OZ+Xz8FX34ijFM8XvPYB6LWEKRzz3EGS7xx0gYk0bWoE6qkYg1n/EkjO//AUoNlAI=</latexit> Acoustic features h <latexit sha1_base64="uGbHMILs1w/uDVfLuSQdAwKuipg=">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</latexit> or <latexit sha1_base64="TewyobNoikPRCUbDC4vQ570JLbM=">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</latexit> RNN layers <latexit sha1_base64="S0Aq7JSRliOPJApqWBhAw/wzv0Q=">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</latexit> Sampling <latexit sha1_base64="XwAJggLaXX93Lia51ShnL+x3gd8=">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</latexit> Dilated CNN layers <latexit sha1_base64="9phZoiwXkW+ML/4oj1yXv8aj+Qo=">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</latexit> (Causal) <latexit sha1_base64="bLwU6gFJt97cdAnkxDkEK5r/iAs=">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</latexit> Previous samples <latexit sha1_base64="FmLj/GPf+weBxnRI3XYM1v0ENdg=">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</latexit> Upsampling <latexit sha1_base64="QCXyBGZqqkkxs7xF7ydYqdfH1/w=">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</latexit> Conditioning <latexit sha1_base64="TIsIuRNR7iIACQhl/T0I1MrtuhI=">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</latexit> . . . <latexit sha1_base64="AkEXXrioSrjWQ1Te4BSGJhy7EFM=">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</latexit> In inferece <latexit sha1_base64="yUOIt7Dn3fnN0a1Jq84ZMB+fyz4=">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</latexit> e.g. WaveNet, WaveRNN, LPCNet <latexit sha1_base64="p1zzV1dir6yyIbxLANUjw0qjats=">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</latexit> Probability p(xt |x0, · · · , xt 1, h) <latexit sha1_base64="65JBAGqRA5fPP0gZBUJDbCrQ0rk=">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</latexit> Next sample xt <latexit sha1_base64="folKXAjDyDeKOWUrhrJHMQGOLE8=">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</latexit> (a) Auto-regressive models <latexit sha1_base64="RQlUWz7OdEkafrXAPmZRXxiNUtE=">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</latexit> Gaussian noise <latexit sha1_base64="FmLj/GPf+weBxnRI3XYM1v0ENdg=">AAACbXichVHLSsNAFD2N7/poVQRBkWLxsSqTUlRcCW5camsfWEtJ4rSG5kWSFmrxB1wLLkRBQUT8DDf+gIt+grhwUcGNC2/TgGhRb8jMmTP33HtmRrY01XEZawaEnt6+/oHBoeDwyOhYKDw+kXHMqq3wtGJqpp2TJYdrqsHTrupqPGfZXNJljWflymZ7P1vjtqOaxq5bt3hBl8qGWlIVySVqL205kk59jHIxHGUx5kWkG4g+iMKPbTN8i30cwISCKnRwGHAJa5Dg0JeHCAaLuAIaxNmEVG+f4xhB0lYpi1OGRGyFxjKt8j5r0Lpd0/HUCnXR6LdJGcECe2J3rMUe2T17Zh+/1mp4Ndpe6jTLHS23iqGT6dT7vyqdZheHX6o/PbsoYc3zqpJ3y2Pap1A6+trRWSu1nlxoLLJr9kL+r1iTPdAJjNqbcrPDk+cI0gOIP6+7G2TiMXElltiJRzcS/lMMYgbzWKb7XsUGtrCNNPU1cIoLXAZehSlhVpjrpAoBXzOJbyEsfQKn4I3z</latexit> Upsampling <latexit sha1_base64="QCXyBGZqqkkxs7xF7ydYqdfH1/w=">AAACb3ichVHLSsNAFD2N7/po1YWCIMWi6KZMpKi4ErpxWR+tgook6bQOJpOQpIVa/AE/QBcufICI+Blu/AEXfoK4kgpuXHiTBkRFvcPMnDlzz50zM7pjCs9n7DGmtLV3dHZ198R7+/oHEsnBoaJnV12DFwzbtN1NXfO4KSQv+MI3+abjcs3STb6h7+eC/Y0adz1hy3W/7vAdS6tIURaG5hO1nbNlSQRIyMpuMs0yLIzUT6BGII0o8nbyGtsowYaBKixwSPiETWjwqG1BBYND3A4axLmERLjPcYg4aauUxSlDI3afxgqttiJW0jqo6YVqg04xqbukTGGSPbAb1mT37JY9sfdfazXCGoGXOs16S8ud3cTR6NrbvyqLZh97n6o/PfsoYyH0Ksi7EzLBLYyWvnZw0lxbXJ1sTLFL9kz+L9gju6MbyNqrcbXCV08Rpw9Qvz/3T1CczahzmezKbHopG31FN8YwgWl673ksYRl5FOhcB8c4w3nsRRlRxpVUK1WJRZphfAll5gOEto7M</latexit> Conditioning <latexit sha1_base64="TIsIuRNR7iIACQhl/T0I1MrtuhI=">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</latexit> . . . <latexit sha1_base64="XwAJggLaXX93Lia51ShnL+x3gd8=">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</latexit> Dilated CNN layers <latexit sha1_base64="rfESrVMKxLogTbwPtad+lZv5Tyo=">AAACb3ichVHLSgMxFD0dX7U+WnWhIEixKO3CkhFRcVVw40rqow/QUmZi1KHTmWEehVr8AT9AFy58gIj4GW78ARd+griSCm5ceDsdEBX1hiQnJ/fcnCSqpWuOy9hjSOro7OruCfdG+voHBqOxoeG8Y3o2Fzlu6qZdVBVH6Johcq7m6qJo2UKpqrooqJXl1n6hJmxHM41Nt26JUlXZM7RdjSsuUdvJVdOY4YrnKHqqHEuwNPMj/hPIAUggiKwZu8Y2dmCCw0MVAgZcwjoUONS2IIPBIq6EBnE2Ic3fFzhEhLQeZQnKUIit0LhHq62ANWjdqun4ak6n6NRtUsYxxR7YDWuye3bLntj7r7Uafo2WlzrNalsrrHL0aGzj7V9VlWYX+5+qPz272MWi71Uj75bPtG7B2/rawUlzY2l9qjHNLtkz+b9gj+yObmDUXvnVmlg/RYQ+QP7+3D9BfjYtz6fn1mYTmbngK8IYxySS9N4LyGAFWeToXAvHOMN56EUalSakeDtVCgWaEXwJKfUB+mGOCQ==</latexit> (Non-causal) <latexit sha1_base64="RQlUWz7OdEkafrXAPmZRXxiNUtE=">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</latexit> Gaussian noise <latexit sha1_base64="DKsKKnk/cqLYqd4QQcjAqsmhdcI=">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</latexit> Invertible layers <latexit sha1_base64="FmLj/GPf+weBxnRI3XYM1v0ENdg=">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</latexit> Upsampling <latexit sha1_base64="QCXyBGZqqkkxs7xF7ydYqdfH1/w=">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</latexit> Conditioning <latexit sha1_base64="TIsIuRNR7iIACQhl/T0I1MrtuhI=">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</latexit> . . . <latexit sha1_base64="FmLj/GPf+weBxnRI3XYM1v0ENdg=">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</latexit> Upsampling <latexit sha1_base64="LYGStWP+lxhs0TBF+daCK7D9eLw=">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</latexit> + CNN layers <latexit sha1_base64="FmLj/GPf+weBxnRI3XYM1v0ENdg=">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</latexit> Upsampling <latexit sha1_base64="LYGStWP+lxhs0TBF+daCK7D9eLw=">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</latexit> + CNN layers <latexit sha1_base64="TIsIuRNR7iIACQhl/T0I1MrtuhI=">AAACaXichVG7SgNBFD1Z3/EVtQnaiEGxChMJKlYBG0ujJhGSEHbXSRyz2V12Jwsx+ANWdqJWCiLiZ9j4AxZ+gqRUsLHw7mZBVNQ7zMyZM/fcOTOj2YZwJWNPEaWnt69/YHAoOjwyOjYem5jMu1bT0XlOtwzL2dVUlxvC5DkppMF3bYerDc3gBa2+7u8XPO64wjJ3ZMvm5YZaM0VV6KokKl/y9izpVmIJlmRBzP4EqRAkEMamFbtBCXuwoKOJBjhMSMIGVLjUikiBwSaujDZxDiER7HMcIUraJmVxylCJrdNYo1UxZE1a+zXdQK3TKQZ1h5SzmGeP7Ja9sAd2x57Z+6+12kEN30uLZq2r5XZl/Di+/favqkGzxP6n6k/PElWsBl4FebcDxr+F3tV7h6cv22tb8+0FdsU65P+SPbF7uoHpverXWb51gSh9QOr7c/8E+aVkajmZzqYTmXT4FYOYwRwW6b1XkMEGNpGjcw9wgjOcRzrKhBJXprupSiTUTOFLKIkP3mWMOQ==</latexit> . . . <latexit sha1_base64="TIsIuRNR7iIACQhl/T0I1MrtuhI=">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</latexit> . . . <latexit sha1_base64="vfmLOLXtqta1QaYSGCJQOC8+BGs=">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</latexit> Di↵usion probabilistic models <latexit sha1_base64="QCXyBGZqqkkxs7xF7ydYqdfH1/w=">AAACb3ichVHLSsNAFD2N7/po1YWCIMWi6KZMpKi4ErpxWR+tgook6bQOJpOQpIVa/AE/QBcufICI+Blu/AEXfoK4kgpuXHiTBkRFvcPMnDlzz50zM7pjCs9n7DGmtLV3dHZ198R7+/oHEsnBoaJnV12DFwzbtN1NXfO4KSQv+MI3+abjcs3STb6h7+eC/Y0adz1hy3W/7vAdS6tIURaG5hO1nbNlSQRIyMpuMs0yLIzUT6BGII0o8nbyGtsowYaBKixwSPiETWjwqG1BBYND3A4axLmERLjPcYg4aauUxSlDI3afxgqttiJW0jqo6YVqg04xqbukTGGSPbAb1mT37JY9sfdfazXCGoGXOs16S8ud3cTR6NrbvyqLZh97n6o/PfsoYyH0Ksi7EzLBLYyWvnZw0lxbXJ1sTLFL9kz+L9gju6MbyNqrcbXCV08Rpw9Qvz/3T1CczahzmezKbHopG31FN8YwgWl673ksYRl5FOhcB8c4w3nsRRlRxpVUK1WJRZphfAll5gOEto7M</latexit> Conditioning <latexit sha1_base64="StAXOkWPVpOsJ/cWmuo+LufTzU4=">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</latexit> Original waveform x0 <latexit sha1_base64="jOpeWv1fJPFpINsVBFLELFnKmbg=">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</latexit> Gaussian noise ✏ <latexit sha1_base64="ttQdcKvJB4fb7HaNj5pcWz6/Alw=">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</latexit> p ¯ ↵x0 + p 1 ¯ ↵✏ <latexit sha1_base64="r8UPnsNQGQDK6N68HRr8Hhg4hcM=">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</latexit> Noise level p ¯ ↵ <latexit sha1_base64="jOpeWv1fJPFpINsVBFLELFnKmbg=">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</latexit> Gaussian noise ✏ <latexit sha1_base64="G/iBDbwY2Q1QmnRkXQk/Zob+K0Q=">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</latexit> In training <latexit sha1_base64="017IwdqqqXL28WzJngmgsiDT9Cg=">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</latexit> In inference <latexit sha1_base64="G/iBDbwY2Q1QmnRkXQk/Zob+K0Q=">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</latexit> In training <latexit sha1_base64="5UsE63s3h3d9YRTcaxdiFcnde90=">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</latexit> e.g. ClariNet, Parallel WaveGAN <latexit sha1_base64="lVssHpkIwOyCDqPTwSdIf720VaU=">AAACfHichVHLSsNAFD2Nr1ofjbpQcFOsFUEN01KquBIEdWmrtYJKSeK0hqZJSNJKLf6AP+DClYqIqF/hxh9w4SeISwU3It6mAdGi3mFmzpy5586ZGcXSNcdl7DEgtLV3dHYFu0M9vX39YXFgcMMxK7bKs6qpm/amIjtc1wyedTVX55uWzeWyovOcUlps7Oeq3HY001h3axbfKctFQytoquwSlReHuVSUIjm5ypd1c3/aQ0uE8mKUScyLSCuI+yAKP1ZN8RLb2IUJFRWUwWHAJaxDhkNtC3EwWMTtoE6cTUjz9jkOESJthbI4ZcjElmgs0mrLZw1aN2o6nlqlU3TqNikjiLEHdsVe2D27Zk/s/ddada9Gw0uNZqWp5VY+fDSy9vavqkyzi70v1Z+eXRQw53nVyLvlMY1bqE199eD4ZW0+E6tPsDP2TP5P2SO7oxsY1Vf1Is0zJwjRB8R/Pncr2EhI8ZSUTCeiC0n/K4IYxRgm6b1nsYAVrCLrnXuOG9wGPoRxYUqYaaYKAV8zhG8hpD4B7PWScQ==</latexit> e.g. WaveGlow, WaveFlow <latexit sha1_base64="q7eIPX8SJzJMAhbcTtylVZ0Dg84=">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</latexit> e.g. MelGAN, HiFi-GAN <latexit sha1_base64="0Glq1FoS1JOYUWmS4q+jUHTTz+c=">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</latexit> e.g. WaveGrad, Di↵Wave, BDDM <latexit sha1_base64="EkH00hyA9UygSQ2SAy6Ooi6rgEc=">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</latexit> (b) CNN-based models <latexit sha1_base64="XEzDLSGsQa47qjmHVvDn11ybH5A=">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</latexit> (c) Flow-based models <latexit sha1_base64="30mXFofZGhecgGeQg3yTOT8gMs4=">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</latexit> (d) Upsampling-based models <latexit sha1_base64="vA66CalmFojIeBLGTIC/dCRn918=">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</latexit> (e) Di↵usion probabilistic models <latexit sha1_base64="TP4cOnnWrJKngxzwawWHKKL/Kig=">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</latexit> Parallel waveform generative models <latexit sha1_base64="Q/gGfmMV9x8/OnAwRSZUYWRqEps=">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</latexit> Speech waveform <latexit sha1_base64="Q/gGfmMV9x8/OnAwRSZUYWRqEps=">AAACdHichVG7TgJBFD2sL8QHqI2JFkSCsSIDIWqsSGwsecgjQUJ21wE37Cu7CwaJP+APWFBpJMb4GTb+gAWfYCwx2lh4WTYxStS7mZ0zZ+65c2auZKqK7TDW9wkTk1PTM/7ZwNz8wmIwtLRcsI2mJfO8bKiGVZJEm6uKzvOO4qi8ZFpc1CSVF6XG/nC/2OKWrRj6odM2eUUT67pSU2TRIaoaCuZMzuWT8KnY4jXD0qqhCIsxN8LjIO6BCLxIG6FbHOEYBmQ0oYFDh0NYhQibvjLiYDCJq6BDnEVIcfc5zhEgbZOyOGWIxDboX6dV2WN1Wg9r2q5aplNUGhYpw4iyJ3bHBuyR3bNn9vFrrY5bY+ilTbM00nKzGrxYzb3/q9JodnDypfrTs4Madl2vCnk3XWZ4C3mkb51dDnJ72Whnk12zF/J/xfrsgW6gt17lXoZnuwhQA+I/n3scFBKx+HYsmUlEUkmvFX6sYQNb9N47SOEAaeTdnnRxg57vTVgXIkJ0lCr4PM0KvoUQ+wR9o5AV</latexit> Speech waveform <latexit sha1_base64="Q/gGfmMV9x8/OnAwRSZUYWRqEps=">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</latexit> Speech waveform