Debian Update - OSC 2021 Online/Fall

Transcript

1. Debian Update OSC 2021 Onlne/Fall ౦ژΤϦΞ Debian ษڧձʢग़ு൛ʣ Debian JP Project ਿຊ యॆ dictoss@debian.or.jp 2021 ೥ 10 ݄ 23 ೔
2. Agenda Debian ͱ͸ʁ Debian JP Project ͱ Debian ษڧձ Debian 11 (bullseye) ࠓޙͷΠϕϯτ
3. Debian ͱ͸ʁ
4. Debian ͱ͸ʁ https://www.debian.org/ ϘϥϯςΟΞͰϑϦʔ/ΦʔϓϯͳϢχόʔαϧΦϖ ϨʔςΟϯάγεςϜ (OS) Λ։ൃ͢Δʮίϛϡχ ςΟʯ
5. Debian ͱ͍͏ΦϖϨʔςΟϯάγεςϜ ༷ʑͳ༻్ʹ࢖͑Δ൚༻తͳ࡞Γ ϊʔτ PCɺσεΫτοϓ PC ͳͲͷීஈར༻͢Δίϯ ϐϡʔλͷ OS Linux αʔό ྫɿweb αʔόͷγΣΞɿhttps://w3techs.com/ technologies/details/os-linux/all/allʣ ૊ࠐσόΠεͷϕʔε OS ʢଟ͘ͷ CPU Ͱಈ࡞͢Δʣ ʮDebianʯϕʔεͳ೿ੜ OS ͷݯྲྀ ྫɿUbuntuɺKali LinuxɺRaspberry Pi OS ೿ੜઌͷσΟετϦϏϡʔγϣϯͱ૬ޓʹ৘ใަ׵Λ ͯ͠։ൃ͍ͯ͠Δ
6. Debian ͱ͍͏ΦϖϨʔςΟϯάγεςϜ 2021 ೥ 10 ݄ͷ࣌఺Ͱɺ࠷৽൛͸ Debian 11.1 (ίʔυ ωʔϜ: bullseye) ύοέʔδ਺͸ ໿ 59,551 Ҏ্Λఏڙ ެࣜʹαϙʔτ͢Δ CPU ΞʔΩςΫνϟ͸ 9 ίʔυωʔϜ͸τΠɾετʔϦʔͷΩϟϥΫλʔ໊Λ ࠾༻ ࣍ͷϝδϟʔϦϦʔε ͸ Debian 12 (ίʔυωʔϜ: bookworm)
7. Debian ͱ͍͏ΦϖϨʔςΟϯάγεςϜ ϦϦʔεαΠΫϧ ϝδϟʔϦϦʔεɿ͓͓Αͦ 2 ೥͝ͱ Debian ͸ time-based freeze Λ࠾༻ ඪ४αϙʔτظؒɿ3 ೥ LTSʢLong Term Supportʣ ɿඪ४αϙʔτظؒऴྃޙ͔ Β 2 ೥ αϙʔτ͢ΔΞʔΩςΫνϟ͕ amd64ɺi386ɺarm ܥ ʹߜΒΕΔ શύοέʔδΛαϙʔτ͢ΔΘ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͘ɺओཁͳύο έʔδʹߜͬͯαϙʔτ
8. Debian ͱ͍͏ίϛϡχςΟ Debian ΁ͷࢀՃऀ͸ੈքதʹ͍·͢ ެࣜͷ Debian ։ൃऀʢDebian Developerʣ͸ɺ60 ϲࠃ Ҏ্ʹ໿ 1,100 ໊ ύοέʔδϝϯςφ΍຋༁ͳͲͷߩݙऀ΋ೖΕΔͱ ΋ͬͱଟ͘ͷਓ͕ͨͪࢀՃ
9. Debian ͱ͍͏ίϛϡχςΟ Debian ࣾձܖ໿ Debian ։ൃऀ ͕ͨͪ໨ࢦ͢ϑϦʔιϑτ΢ΣΞίϛϡ χςΟͷࡏΓํ Debian ϑϦʔιϑτ΢ΣΞΨΠυϥΠϯʢDFSGʣ Debian ࣾձܖ໿ͷҰ෦ Debian ͕ߟ͑ΔϑϦʔιϑτ΢ΣΞͷఆٛ Φʔϓϯιʔεͷఆٛͷͻͳܗʹ΋ͳ͍ͬͯΔ Debian Policy https://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ Debian ύοέʔδͷ۠෼ɺ಺༰ɺϧʔϧɺϑΝΠϧ഑ ஔͷํ਑ͳͲͷٕज़తͳఆٛ
10. Debian ͱ͍͏ίϛϡχςΟ Debian ͸ϘϥϯςΟΞͷΈͰ։ൃ͍ͯ͠·͢ σΟετϦ اۀ ϘϥϯςΟΞ Fedora RedHat ࢧԉ͋Γ ͋Γ RHEL RedHat ͳ͠ CentOS RedHat ࢧԉ͋Γ ͋Γ Debian ͳ͠ ͋Γ Ubuntu Canonical ͋Γ openSUSE SUSE ࢧԉ͋Γ ͋Γ SLES SUSE ͳ͠
11. DebConf ೥ʹҰճɺDebian ։ൃऀ͕ू·ͬͯ։࠵͢ΔΧϯϑΝ Ϩϯε ௨ৗ͸ΦϑϥΠϯͰू·Δ͕ɺCOVID-19 ͷӨڹͰ 2020 ೥ͱ 2021 ೥͸ΦϯϥΠϯͰ։࠵ 2019/07/21 - 07/28: Debconf19: CURITIBA - BRAZIL 2020/08/23 - 08/29: Debconf20: Online 2021/08/24 - 08/28: Debconf21: Online https://debconf21.debconf.org/ ൃදͷϏσΦ͕͋Γ·͢ͷͰͥͻ͝ཡ͍ͩ͘͞
12. Debian ͱ͸ʁ ·ͱΊΔͱʮDebianʯͱ͸ ϑϦʔ/ΦʔϓϯͳΦϖϨʔςΟϯάγεςϜ (OS) Λ ࡞੒͠Α͏ͱ͢Δਓ͕ͨͪू·ΔϘϥϯςΟΞϕʔε ͷϓϩδΣΫτ ࣗ෼ͨͪͷߟ͑ΔϑϦʔͱ͍͏ݴ༿ʹؔ͢Δఆٛɺ։ ൃ໨తɺύοέʔδϯάϙϦγʔΛݫ֨ʹܾΊ͍ͯΔ ੈքதʹ 1100 ਓҎ্ͷ։ൃऀ͕͓ΓɺଞͷσΟετϦ Ϗϡʔγϣϯͷϕʔεͱͯ͠࠾༻͞Ε͍ͯΔ ໿ 2 ೥ຖʹϦϦʔε͕ߦΘΕɺଟ͘ͷύοέʔδͱ ΞʔΩςΫνϟΛαϙʔτ͍ͯ͠Δ ্هͷΑ͏ͳಛ௃͔Β༷ʑͳͱ͜ΖͰར༻͞Ε͍ͯΔ Linux σΟετϦϏϡʔγϣϯ
13. Debian JP Project ͱ Debianษڧձ
14. Debian JP Project ͱ͸ʁ https://www.debian.or.jp/ ೔ຊʹ͓͍ͯ Debian Λීٴͤ͞Δ͜ͱΛ໨తͱͨ͠೚ ҙஂମ ׆ಈ಺༰ Debian ͷ೔ຊޠʹΑΔ৘ใൃ৴ Ϣʔβͱͷ৘ใަ׵ Debian ։ൃऀ΍ύοέʔδϝϯςφͷҭ੒ͳͲ
15. Debianษڧձ 2005 ೥ 1 ݄։࢝ Debian ։ൃऀ ্઒͞Μ͕ൃىਓ ౦ژͱؔ੢Ͱ݄ʹҰճίϯελϯτʹ։࠵͍ͯ͠Δ Debian ։ൃऀɺDebian ϢʔβʹΑΔษڧձ ౦ژΤϦΞ Debian ษڧձ https://tokyodebian-team.pages.debian.net/ ؔ੢ Debian ษڧձ https://wiki.debian.org/KansaiDebian
16. Debianษڧձ:ղܾ͍ͨ͠಺༰ ໰୊ ML ͱ IRC Ͱ৘ใަ׵͍ͯͨ͠ face-to-face Ͱձ͏৔ॴ͕ͳ͍ ·ͱ·ͬͨυΩϡϝϯτ͕ग़ͯ͜ͳ͍ Debian ษڧձͷఏҊ ఆظతʹू·Δ ࢿྉΛ࡞੒ͯ͠ެ։ʢGPL-2+ʣ https://salsa.debian.org/tokyodebian-team/ monthly-report
17. Debianษڧձ:࠷ۙͷษڧձ ษڧձͷ಺༰ Debian ք۾΍ύοέʔδϯάؔ࿈ͷ࿩୊ͳͲઐ໳ͷਓ ʹ࿩Λฉ͘ Debian ͰؾʹͳͬͨࣄฑΛௐ΂ͯϨϙʔτ͢Δ લճͷ಺༰ʢ౦ژ 9 ݄ʣ: ৔ॴ: ΦϯϥΠϯ DebConf 21 ͷΠϕϯτڞ༗ձ ֤஍ͷΠϕϯτͰ Debian ීٴ׆ಈ
18. Debian 11 bullseye ϦϦʔε͓ΊͰͱ͏ʂ
19. Debian 11 bullseye Debian 11 (ίʔυωʔϜɿbullseye) 2021 ೥ 8 ݄ 14 ೔ʹϦϦʔε ࠷৽൛͸ Debian 11.1 ʢ2021 ೥ 10 ݄ 9 ೔ ϦϦʔεʣ ϦϦʔεϊʔτ https://www.debian.org/releases/bullseye/ releasenotes ΠϯετʔϧΨΠυ https://www.debian.org/releases/bullseye/ installmanual
20. Debian 11 bullseye ར༻Ͱ͖Δ CPU ΞʔΩςΫνϟ͸ 9 ͭ amd64ɺi386 arm64ɺarmhfɺarmel mips64elɺmipsel ppc64el s390x લճϦϦʔε Debian 10 buster ͔Βഇࢭ (big endian ͷ) mips
21. Debian 11 bullseye ఏڙ͢Διϑτ΢ΣΞʢ1ʣ Linux kernel 5.10 GNOME 3.38 KDE Plasma 5.20 LXDE 11 LXQt 0.16 MATE 1.24 Xfce 4.16 Cinnamon 4.8.6 Chromium 90.0 OpenSSH 8.4p1 OpenSSL 1.1.1k GnuPG 2.2.27 1.4.23 Firefox ESR 78 Thunderbird 78 LibreOffice 7.0 GIMP 2.10.22 Inkscape 1.0.2 MariaDB 10.5 PostgreSQL 13 sqlite 3.34.1 2.8.17 Emacs 27.1 Vim 8.2
22. Debian 11 bullseye ఏڙ͢Διϑτ΢ΣΞʢ2ʣ Perl 5.32.1 PHP 7.4 Python 3.9.1 2.7.18 Ruby 2.7.4 OpenJDK 11 17 Go 1.15 Rustc 1.48 GCC 10.3 LLVM 11.0.1 9.0.1 binutils 2.35.2 glibc 2.31
23. Debian 11 bullseye ͷ ৽ػೳ
24. ৽ػೳ (1) γεςϜશମͷ৽ػೳ ίϯτϩʔϧάϧʔϓ v2 (cgroupv2) bullseye ʹ͓͚Δ systemd ͸σϑΥϧτͰ cgroupv2 Λ ར༻ systemd ͷӬଓతͳδϟʔφϧػೳ͸σϑΥϧτͰ༗ޮ ϑΝΠϧΛ /var/log/journal/ ഑Լʹอଘ͢ΔΑ͏มߋ ϑΝΠϧ͸ adm άϧʔϓ΋ಡΈऔΓͰ͖ΔͨΊ஫ҙ ΧʔωϧʹΑΔ exFAT αϙʔτ Debian 10 buster Ͱ exFAT Λར༻͢ΔͨΊʹඞཁͰ ͋ͬͨ exfat-fuse ύοέʔδ͕ෆཁʹͳͬͨ ৽͍͠൚༻తͳ open ίϚϯυ ϑΝΠϧͷ֦ுࢠ͝ͱʹద੾ͳίϚϯυͰϑΝΠϧΛ ։͚ΔΑ͏ʹͳͬͨ
25. ৽ػೳ (2) ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ৽ػೳ υϥΠόϨεͰͷεΩϟϯͱҹ࡮ ҹ࡮Ͱ͸ IPP-over-USB ϓϩτίϧΛѻ͑Δ৽͍͠ ipp-usb ύοέʔδΛఏڙ εΩϟφͰ͸ެࣜͷ SANE υϥΠόϨεόοΫΤϯυ Ͱ͋Δ libsane1 Λఏڙ ৽͍͠ Fcitx 5 Πϯϓοτϝιου Fcitx 5 ͸தࠃޠɺ೔ຊޠɺؖࠃޠ΍ͦͷଞͷଟ͘ͷݴ ޠͷͨΊͷΠϯϓοτϝιου Fcitx 5 Ͱ͸ Wayland Λαϙʔτ͠ɺΑΓ༏ΕͨΞυΦ ϯαϙʔτΛఏڙ
26. ৽ػೳ (3) ͦͷଞͷ৽ػೳ Debian Med νʔϜʹΑΔߩݙͷ൓ө Ӹֶํ໘Ͱར༻͞ΕΔπʔϧͷιϑτ΢ΣΞΛύο έʔδԽ ੜ໋Պֶͱҩֶͷ෼໺ʹ͓͚Δ৽͍͠ύοέʔδΛ௥Ճ طଘͷύοέʔδʹର͢ΔܧଓతΠϯςάϨʔγϣϯ ͷαϙʔτڧԽ man ϖʔδͷ຋༁ͷվળ bullseye ϦϦʔε͕ଘଓ͢Δظؒத͸຋༁ͷվળΛ backports ΞʔΧΠϒܦ༝Ͱఏڙ༧ఆ ୅ସ init γεςϜͷαϙʔτվળ σϑΥϧτ͸ systemd ୅ସ init γεςϜ (System-V ܗࣜͷ init ΍ OpenRC ͳ Ͳ) Λαϙʔτ
27. ΞοϓάϨʔυ͢Δ৔߹ͷ஫ҙ apt ͷηΩϡϦςΟΞʔΧΠϒͷߏ੒ (=URL) ͕มߋ͞Ε ͨͨΊɺखಈͰॻ͖׵͑Λ͓ئ͍͠·͢ # vi /etc/apt/sources.list # debian 10 buster deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib ˣ # debian 11 bullseye deb https://deb.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib ΞοϓάϨʔυͷ࠷தʹ ৽ͨʹ ssh ઀ଓ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍͕࣌ؒ ௕͘ͳ͍ͬͯΔͨΊɺssh ઀ଓͯ͠ΞοϓάϨʔυ͢Δ৔߹ ͸ҎԼͷखॱ͕͓͢͢Ί /etc/apt/sources.list Λॻ͖׵͑Δ apt-get update Λ࣮ߦ͢Δ apt-get install openssh-server Λ࣮ߦ͢Δ apt-get upgradeɺapt-get dist-upgrade Λ࣮ߦ͢Δ
28. ಈ࡞ͷมߋ΍੍໿ (1) Intel ࣾ੡ GPU ͷσϑΥϧτυϥΠόʔ͕৽͍͠ VA-API ʹมߋ XFS ϑΝΠϧγεςϜ͸ barrier/nobarrier Φϓγϣϯ Λαϙʔτ͠ͳ͍ ύεϫʔυͷϋογϡԽʹ yescrypt ΛσϑΥϧτͰར ༻͢ΔΑ͏มߋ NSS NIS ͓Αͼ NIS+ ར༻ʹ৽͍͠ύοέʔδ͕ඞཁ unbound Ͱͷ෼ׂ͞ΕͨઃఆϑΝΠϧͷѻ͍ ඇਪ঑ʹͳΔ rsync ͷύϥϝʔλ Vim ͷΞυΦϯͷऔΓѻ͍ͷมߋ OpenStack ͱ cgroups v1 ʹ͍ͭͯ OpenStack API ϙϦγʔͷϑΝΠϧʹ͍ͭͯ ΞοϓάϨʔυதͷ sendmail ʹμ΢ϯλΠϜ͕͋Δ fuse ͔Β fuse3 ΁ΞοϓάϨʔυॲཧͰ fuse ύοέʔ δΛ࡟আ͢Δ
29. ಈ࡞ͷมߋ΍੍໿ (2) GnuPG ΦϓγϣϯϑΝΠϧͷมߋ Linux ͕Ϣʔβʔ໊લۭؒΛσϑΥϧτͰ༗ޮʹ͢Δ Linux ͕ bpf() ͷඇಛݖݺͼग़͠ΛσϑΥϧτͰແޮ bullseye ʹ redmine ͕ͳ͍ bullseye ͷ Exim 4.94 ͸࣮࣭ϝδϟʔΞοϓσʔτ SCSI σόΠεͷݕग़ॱ͕ܾఆతͰ͸ͳ͘ͳͬͨ rdiff-backup ͸ αʔόʔͱΫϥΠΞϯτΛಉ࣌ʹΞοϓ άϨʔυ͢Δඞཁ͋Γ Intel CPU ͷϚΠΫϩίʔυͰͷ໰୊ libgc1c2 ύοέʔδؔ࿈ͷΞοϓάϨʔυ͸ 2 ճ࣮ߦ ͕ඞཁ fail2ban ͕ bsd-mailx ͷ mail ίϚϯυΛ࢖ͬͨϝʔϧ ૹ৴͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍
30. ඇਪ঑ʹͳͬͨࣄ߲ (1) linux Χʔωϧɺϒʔτϩʔμʔؔ࿈ Linux Χʔωϧ͸ isdn4linux (i4l) ͷαϙʔτΛఏڙ͠ ͳ͍ aufs-dkms ͸ bullseye ͔Β࡟আ overlayfs ΁ͷҠߦΛਪ঑ lilo ͸ bullseye ͔Β࡟আ grub2 Λར༻͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ armelɺarmhf ར༻ऀ޲͚ ҎԼϋʔυ΢ΣΞ޲͚ͷ kernel ΛϏϧυͰ͖ͳ͘ͳͬ ͨͨΊɺDebian 11 bullseye Ͱ͸αϙʔτ͞Εͳ͍ QNAP Turbo Station (TS-xxx) HP Media Vault mv2120
31. ඇਪ঑ʹͳͬͨࣄ߲ (2) ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯؔ࿈ ωοτϫʔΫ઀ଓϚωʔδϟʔͰ͋Δ wicd ͸ɺΞοϓ άϨʔυޙʹ͸ར༻Ͱ͖ͳ͍ libappindicator ϥΠϒϥϦ͸ఏڙ͞Εͳ͍ fork Ͱ͋Δ libayatana-appindicator Λఏڙ͢ΔΑ͏੾Γ ସ͑ bullseye Ͱ͸ chef Λఏڙ͞Εͳ͍ ࠷΋Α͍Ҡߦઌ͸ Chef Inc ͕ఏڙ͢Δύοέʔδ΁ͷ ੾Γସ͑ (mailman2 ͷ) mailman ύοέʔδ͕ഇࢭ͞Εɺ mailman3 ͷΈఏڙ python2.7 ύοέʔδ͸ఏڙ͢Δ͕ upstream ͕ EoL ͷ ͨΊ python3 ΁ͷҠߦΛਪ঑ bullseye Ͱ͸ python2.7 ؔ࿈ͷϥΠϒϥϦύοέʔδͷ େ෦෼Λ࡟আࡁΈ Debian 12 Ͱ python2.7 ͷఏڙΛ΍ΊΔ͔Ͳ͏͔͸ٞ ࿦த
32. όάϨϙʔτΛ͓ئ͍͠·͢ Կ͔͓͔͍͠ಈ࡞΍ෆ۩߹Λݟ͚ͭͨ৔߹͸όάϨ ϙʔτΛ͓ئ͍͠·͢ όάϨϙʔτͷྫ https://bugs.debian.org/ cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=903529 όάϨϙʔτͷ࢓ํʢϨϙʔτ͸ӳޠͰૹΔඞཁ͋Γʣ https://www.debian.org/Bugs/Reporting.ja.html όάϨϙʔτͷલʹͪΐ ͬͱ૬ஊͯ͠Έ͍ͨํ͸ɺ೔ຊ ޠͷ Debian JP ϝʔϦϯάϦετ΍ɺSNS Ͱ૬ஊͯ͠ Έ͍ͯͩ͘͞ https: //www.debian.or.jp/community/ml/openml.html Twitter: @debian jp
33. ೔ຊޠʹΑΔDebianͷ৘ใ
34. ೔ຊޠʹΑΔDebianͷ৘ใ Debian JP Project https://www.debian.or.jp ౦ژΤϦΞ Debian ษڧձ https://tokyodebian-team.pages.debian.net/ ؔ੢ Debian ษڧձ https://wiki.debian.org/KansaiDebianMeeting Twitter @debian_jp ࡶࢽ Software Design ٕज़ධ࿦ࣾൃߦ ʮDebian Hot Topicsʯ ʢִ݄࿈ࡌʣ
35. ࠓޙͷΠϕϯτ
36. ࠓޙͷΠϕϯτ 11/21ʢ೔ʣ ౦ژΤϦΞɾؔ੢߹ಉ Debian ษڧձʢΦ ϯϥΠϯ։࠵ʣ https://tokyodebian-team.pages.debian.net/ 2021-11.html OSS Gate ΦϯϘʔσΟϯά࣮ࢪใࠂ