Functional Ruby

Transcript

1. 為你⾃⼰學 系列單元 ޒഒላӃ Functional Ruby
2. ޒഒላӃ വᏐࣜఔࣜઃܭ
   'VODUJPOBM
   1SPHSBNNJOH
   '1
3. ޒഒላӃ ೺ਞྻཫॴ༗తحᏐ
   ငҎ
   
   ೭ޙฒܭࢉશ෦ݩૉ័࿨
4. ޒഒላӃ +4 // JavaScript const list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] const odd_numbers = [] // 挑出奇數 for (let i = 0; i < list.length; i++) { const el = list[i] if (el % 2 === 1) { odd_numbers.push(el) } } const triple_numbers = [] // 乘 3 倍 for (let i = 0; i < odd_numbers.length; i++) { triple_numbers.push(odd_numbers[i] * 3) } let total = 0 // 計算總和 for (let i = 0; i < triple_numbers.length; i++) { total += triple_numbers[i] } console.log(total) // 27
5. ޒഒላӃ +4 // JavaScript const list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] const result = list.filter(i => i % 2 === 1) .map(i => i * 3) .reduce((acc, cv) => acc + cv, 0) console.log(result) // 27
6. ޒഒላӃ +4 // JavaScript const list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] const oddOnly = (i) => i % 2 === 1 const triple = (i) => i * 3 const sum = (acc, cv) => acc + cv const result = list.filter(oddOnly) .map(triple) .reduce(sum, 0) console.log(result) // 27
7. ޒഒላӃ ॄኄੋ
   '1ʁ
8. ޒഒላӃ ఔࣜޠݴయൣ
   1SPHSBNNJOH
   1BSBEJHNT
9. ޒഒላӃ ෺݅ಋ޲ఔࣜઃܭ
   0CKFDU
   0SJFOUFE
   1SPHSBNNJOH
10. ޒഒላӃ ෧᧋
    
    ៺ঝ
    &ODBQTVMBUJPO
    
    *OIFSJUBODF
11. ޒഒላӃ വᏐࣜఔࣜઃܭ
    'VODUJPOBM
    1SPHSBNNJOH
12. ޒഒላӃ വᏐ
    'VODUJPO
13. ޒഒላӃ ॄኄੋവᏐʁ
14. ޒഒላӃ f(x) = 3x + 2
15. ޒഒላӃ വᏐ
    
    ༌ೖ值ᢛ༌ग़值೭ؒత᮫܎
16. ޒഒላӃ ७വᏐ
    1VSF
    'VODUJPO
17. ޒഒላӃ 1VSF
    'VODUJPO
    ༌ग़݁Ռ୞᪑༌ೖ值༗᮫
18. ޒഒላӃ +4 # 不純 def one_weeks_later Time.now + 7.days end
19. ޒഒላӃ +4 # 比較純 def one_weeks_later(current_time) current_time + 7.days end
20. ޒഒላӃ 1VSF
    'VODUJPO
    ෆ။଄੒㐫ଶվᏓ
21. ޒഒላӃ ᔒ༗෭࡞༻
    /P
    TJEFFGGFDU
22. ޒഒላӃ +4 # 不純 def add_book Book.create(title: '為你⾃⼰學 Ruby') end
23. ޒഒላӃ +4 # 不純 def replace_element(arr, idx, value) arr[idx] = value arr end list = [1, 2, 3] result = replace_element(list, 0, "a") p result # ["a", 2, 3] p list # ???
24. ޒഒላӃ +4 # 比較純 def replace_element(arr, idx, value) dup_arr = arr.dup dup_arr[idx] = value dup_arr end list = [1, 2, 3] result = replace_element(list, 0, "a") p result # ["a", 2, 3] p list # ???
25. ޒഒላӃ ෆՄᏓੑ
    *NNVUBCJMJUZ
26. ޒഒላӃ +4 // JavaScript const list = [1, 2, 3] const otherList = list console.log(list) // [1, 2, 3] otherList[0] = "a" console.log(list) // ???
27. ޒഒላӃ +4 // Rust fn main() { let list = [1, 2, 3]; list[0] = 100; // 預設是不能修改的 println!("{:?}", list); }
28. ޒഒላӃ +4 # Elixir list = [1, 2, 3] list[0] = 100 # 預設是不可修改的
29. ޒഒላӃ '1
    JO
    3VCZ
30. ޒഒላӃ +4 list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] double_list = list.map { |n| 2 * n } odd_numbers = list.filter { |n| n.odd? } p double_list # [2, 4, 6, 8, 10] p odd_numbers # [1, 3, 5]
31. ޒഒላӃ 3VCZ
    ฒෆࢉੋਅਖ਼త
    '1
    -BOHVBHF
32. ޒഒላӃ വᏐੋҰ౳ެຽ
    'JSTU$MBTT
    $JUJ[FO
33. ޒഒላӃ +4 // JavaScript const list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] const oddOnly = (i) => i % 2 === 1 const triple = (i) => i * 3 const sum = (acc, cv) => acc + cv const result = list.filter(oddOnly) .map(triple) .reduce(sum, 0) console.log(result) // 27
34. ޒഒላӃ 3VCZ
    ॴ༗త౦੢౎ੋ෺݅
    &WFSZUIJOH
    JO
    3VCZ
    JT
    BO
    PCKFDU
35. ޒഒላӃ ୠଖመ༗ࠣ౦੢ฒෆੋ෺݅
36. ޒഒላӃ ᩋํ๏ʮ෺݅Խʯ
37. ޒഒላӃ +4 # 把⽅法物件化 def add(a, b) a + b end m1 = method(:add) m2 = Proc.new { |x, y| add(x, y) } m3 = -> (x, y) { add(x, y) } puts m1.call(1, 2) # 3 puts m2.call(3, 4) # 7 puts m3.call(5, 6) # 11
38. ޒഒላӃ ෆՄᏓੑ
    *NNVUBCJMJUZ
39. ޒഒላӃ +4 # Data.define 是 Ruby 3.2 之後才加進來的新功能 Location = Data.define(:x, :y) point = Location.new(0, 0) puts point.x, point.y point.x = 100 # 錯誤
40. ޒഒላӃ ိᴍෳᯑత
41. ޒഒላӃ ᐬཬԽ
    $VSSZJOH
42. ޒഒላӃ ೺ݪຊधཁଟݸჩᏐతവᏐ
    ᫚׵੒Ұܥྻ୞ཁ
    
    ݸჩᏐతവᏐతաఔ
43. ޒഒላӃ +4 def add_numbers(a, b, c) a + b + c end # 柯⾥化 curried_add = -> (x) { -> (y) { -> (z) { add_numbers(x, y, z) } } }
44. ޒഒላӃ +4 # 分開寫 add_2 = curried_add.call(2) add_3 = add_2.call(3) result = add_3.call(5) puts result # 或串在⼀起寫 puts curried_add.call(2).call(3).call(5)
45. ޒഒላӃ +4 def add_numbers(a, b, c) a + b + c end 
 # 柯⾥化 # curried_add = -> (x) { # -> (y) { # -> (z) { # add_numbers(x, y, z) # } # } # } # Ruby 內建的⽅法 curried_add = method(:add_numbers).curry
46. ޒഒላӃ ภവᏐ
    1BSUJBM
    'VODUJPOT
47. ޒഒላӃ ෦份
    BQQMZ
    ݪ࢝വᏐɼઌݻఆവᏐత෦෼ ჩᏐɼճၚ઀डႫᰨჩᏐత৽വᏐ
48. ޒഒላӃ +4 def add_numbers(a, b, c) a + b + c end # Partial Function # 先給 1 個參數 add_2 = -> (i, j) { add_numbers(2, i, j) } # 剩下的 2 個參數之後再⼀次給⾜ puts add_2.call(3, 5) # 10
49. ޒഒላӃ +4 def add_numbers(a, b, c) a + b + c end # Partial Function # 或是先給 2 個參數 add_2_and_3 = -> (k) { add_numbers(2, 3, k) } # 最後 1 個參數之後再給 puts add_2_and_3.call(5) # 10
50. ޒഒላӃ +4 def add_numbers(a, b, c) a + b + c end # 利⽤內建的 curry ⽅法 partial_fn = method(:add_numbers).curry # 先給 1 個參數 add_2 = partial_fn.call(2) # 剩下的參數之後再⼀次給⾜ puts add_2.call(3, 5) # 10
51. ޒഒላӃ വᏐ߹੒
    'VODUJPO
    $PNQPTJUJPO
52. ޒഒላӃ ઌՃ
    ɼ࠶Ճഒɼ࠷ޙ࠶ฏํʂ
53. ޒഒላӃ +4 // JavaScript const add_one = (n) => n + 1 const double = (n) => n * 2 const square = (n) => n * n console.log(square(double(add_one(5)))) // 144
54. ޒഒላӃ ؅ઢ
    1JQF
55. ޒഒላӃ +4 # Elixir add_one = fn x -> x + 1 end double = fn x -> x * 2 end square = fn x -> x * x end result = 5 |> add_one.() |> double.() |> square.() IO.inspect result # 144
56. ޒഒላӃ 3VCZ
    ᔒ༗Ṝኄํศత౦੢
57. ޒഒላӃ +4 add_one = -> (n) { n + 1 } double = -> (n) { n * 2 } square = -> (n) { n * n } # 先加 1，再加倍，最後再平⽅ composed_fn = add_one.compose(double) .compose(square) puts composed_fn.call(5) # 144
58. ޒഒላӃ +4 add_one = -> (n) { n + 1 } double = -> (n) { n * 2 } square = -> (n) { n * n } # 先加 1，再加倍，最後再平⽅ composed_fn = add_one >> double >> square puts composed_fn.call(5) # 144
59. ޒഒላӃ ޻঎෰຿