system kernel, libraries, and binaries. • Virtual machines run its own guest operating system, • Virtual machines provide full-blown virtualization of hardware resources, including CPU, memory, storage, and networking. 5
needed to run software, including the code, runtime, libraries, dependencies, and configuration files. 3. A container is a runtime instance of an image. It encapsulates the execution environment for a specific application or process, including the filesystem, environment variables, network settings, and runtime options. 1. A text file that contains instructions for building a Docker image