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Composer: From Beginner to Expert
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Jonathan Klein
September 07, 2014
Technology
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950
Composer: From Beginner to Expert
A talk I gave at Northeast PHP 2014. Links from this talk are at jkle.in/composer.
Jonathan Klein
September 07, 2014
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Transcript
Composer: From Beginner to Expert Northeast PHP 2014 Jonathan Klein
@jonathanklein
jkle.in/composer
None
“The best way to use 3rd party code”
“…and autoload your code”
None
None
None
A Story in Three Acts 1. Dependency Management
A Story in Three Acts 1. Dependency Management
A Story in Three Acts 1. Using 3rd Party Code
A Story in Three Acts 1. Using 3rd Party Code
2. Autoloading Your Code
A Story in Three Acts 1. Using 3rd Party Code
2. Autoloading Your Code 3. Publishing Packages
Using 3rd Party Code
Install Composer
curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php ! mv composer.phar /usr/bin/composer
None
None
None
None
https://www.flickr.com/photos/monkeywobble/2124397478
https://www.flickr.com/photos/adrianblack/3358661327
Three Ways Composer Helps
Three Ways Composer Helps 1. Simple JSON Config File (composer.json)
Three Ways Composer Helps 1. Simple JSON Config File (composer.json)
2. Repository of Code (Packagist)
Three Ways Composer Helps 1. Simple JSON Config File (composer.json)
2. Repository of Code (Packagist) 3. Generated Autoload File (autoload.php)
Simplest JSON Config File { }
Simplest JSON Config File { "require": { "monolog/monolog": "1.10.*" }
}
Simplest JSON Config File { "require": { "monolog/monolog": "1.10.*" }
} Vendor Name
Simplest JSON Config File { "require": { "monolog/monolog": "1.10.*" }
} Vendor Name Package Name
Simplest JSON Config File { "require": { "monolog/monolog": "1.10.*" }
} Vendor Name Package Name Version Number
Composer + Packagist
None
None
None
Simplest JSON Config File { "require": { "monolog/monolog": "1.10.*" }
} Vendor Name Package Name Version Number
None
None
None
None
$ composer install
Vendor Directory
None
Vendor Directory
None
None
$ composer install
Using The Code <?php require 'vendor/autoload.php'; ! $log = new
Monolog\Logger('name'); ! …snip… ! $log->addWarning('Foo');
Using The Code <?php require 'vendor/autoload.php'; ! $log = new
Monolog\Logger('name'); ! …snip… ! $log->addWarning('Foo'); Generated autoload file
None
None
None
{ "require": { "monolog/monolog": "1.10.*", "filp/whoops": "1.*", "respect/validation": "0.5.*", "swiftmailer/swiftmailer":
"5.0.*" } } composer.json
$ composer update
composer require filp/whoops:1.* composer require respect/validation:0.5.* composer require swiftmailer/swiftmailer:5.0.*
Using The Code <?php ! require 'vendor/autoload.php'; ! use Respect\Validation\Validator
as v; ! $log = new Monolog\Logger('name'); $whoops = new \Whoops\Run; Swift::init('swiftmailer_configurator'); ! $number = 123; v::numeric()->validate($number);
Using The Code <?php ! require 'vendor/autoload.php'; ! use Respect\Validation\Validator
as v; ! $log = new Monolog\Logger('name'); $whoops = new \Whoops\Run; Swift::init('swiftmailer_configurator'); ! $number = 123; v::numeric()->validate($number);
Using The Code <?php ! require 'vendor/autoload.php'; ! use Respect\Validation\Validator
as v; ! $log = new Monolog\Logger('name'); $whoops = new \Whoops\Run; Swift::init('swiftmailer_configurator'); ! $number = 123; v::numeric()->validate($number);
Versioning
{ "require": { "monolog/monolog": "1.10.*", "filp/whoops": "1.*", "respect/validation": "0.5.*", "swiftmailer/swiftmailer":
"5.0.*" } }
composer.lock
composer.lock Commit this
None
$ composer update
None
None
vendor/autoload.php is regenerated
vendor/autoload.php should be the only include in your application
“What about MY Code?”
Autoloading Your Code
{ "require": { "monolog/monolog": "1.10.*" }, ! "autoload": { "psr-4":
{"Acme\\": "src/"} } }
{ "require": { "monolog/monolog": "1.10.*" }, ! "autoload": { "psr-4":
{"Acme\\": "src/"} } } WTF?
PSR: PHP Specification Request
None
Approved Standards PSR-0 Autoloading PSR-1 Basic Coding Standard PSR-2 Coding
Style Guide PSR-3 Logger Interface PSR-4 Improved Autoloading
Approved Standards PSR-0 Autoloading PSR-1 Basic Coding Standard PSR-2 Coding
Style Guide PSR-3 Logger Interface PSR-4 Improved Autoloading
Approved Standards PSR-0 Autoloading PSR-1 Basic Coding Standard PSR-2 Coding
Style Guide PSR-3 Logger Interface PSR-4 Improved Autoloading
What Improved?
What Improved? 1. Underscores no longer designate directories
What Improved? 1. Underscores no longer designate directories 2. Namespaces
can map to arbitrary folders
None
None
None
{ "require": { "monolog/monolog": "1.10.*" }, ! "autoload": { "psr-4":
{ "Acme\\": "src/" } } }
{ "require": { "monolog/monolog": "1.10.*" }, ! "autoload": { "psr-4":
{ "Acme\\": ["src/", "tests/"] } } }
None
Takeaway: Use PSR-4
Autoloading code <?php ! require 'vendor/autoload.php'; ! $foo = new
\Acme\Foo\Bar\Baz(); // src/Foo/Bar/Baz.php
{ "require": { "monolog/monolog": "1.10.*" }, ! "autoload": { "psr-4":
{"Acme\\": "src/Foo/Bar/"} } }
Autoloading code <?php ! require 'vendor/autoload.php'; ! $foo = new
\Acme\Baz(); // src/Foo/Bar/Baz.php
<?php ! namespace Acme; ! class Baz{ ! function __construct()
{ echo "Hello, World"; } }
{ "require": { "monolog/monolog": "1.10.*" }, ! "autoload": { "psr-4":
{ "Acme\\": "src/", "Vendor\\Namespace\\": "" } } }
“What About Functions?”
{ "require": { "monolog/monolog": "1.10.*" }, ! "autoload": { "psr-4":
{"Acme\\": "src/"}, "files": ["src/functions.php"] } }
None
None
Publishing Packages
{ "require": { "monolog/monolog": "1.10.*" }, ! "autoload": { "psr-4":
{"Acme\\": "src/Foo/Bar/"} } }
{ "name": "acme/hello", "description": "Prints Hello, World", "require": { "monolog/monolog":
"1.10.*" }, ! "autoload": { "psr-4": {"Acme\\": "src/Foo/Bar/"} } }
None
None
None
Private Repository with Satis
Bonus: Advanced Usage
{ "require": { "monolog/monolog": "1.10.*" }, ! "require-dev": { "phpunit/phpunit":
"3.7.*", "mockery/mockery": "0.7.*" } }
{ "scripts": { "post-update-cmd": "MyVendor\\MyClass::postUpdate", "post-package-install": [ "MyVendor\\MyClass::postPackageInstall" ], "post-install-cmd":
[ "MyVendor\\MyClass::warmCache", "phpunit -c app/" ] } }
{ "scripts": { "post-update-cmd": "MyVendor\\MyClass::postUpdate", "post-package-install": [ "MyVendor\\MyClass::postPackageInstall" ], "post-install-cmd":
[ "MyVendor\\MyClass::warmCache", "phpunit -c app/" ] } }
{ "scripts": { "post-update-cmd": "MyVendor\\MyClass::postUpdate", "post-package-install": [ "MyVendor\\MyClass::postPackageInstall" ], "post-install-cmd":
[ "MyVendor\\MyClass::warmCache", "phpunit -c app/" ] } }
Other Useful Commands
Other Useful Commands composer init
Other Useful Commands composer init composer remove <package name>
Other Useful Commands composer init composer remove <package name> composer
validate
Other Useful Commands composer init composer remove <package name> composer
validate composer self-update
Other Useful Commands composer init composer remove <package name> composer
validate composer self-update composer diagnose
Other Useful Commands composer init composer remove <package name> composer
validate composer self-update composer diagnose composer status
Wrap Up
Wrap Up • Include 3rd Party Code
Wrap Up • Include 3rd Party Code • Autoload Your
Own Code
Wrap Up • Include 3rd Party Code • Autoload Your
Own Code • Publish Packages
Thanks!
! jkle.in/composer ! @jonathanklein
[email protected]
www.etsy.com/careers