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CSS Layouting

CSS Layouting

The deck for an internal presentation at Cantina about the basics of laying things out with CSS.

Matthew Crist

March 27, 2012
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  1. Works great... Don’t apply left, or right padding to elements

    with defined widths Floated elements with borders are wider than you think they are. Old IE has it’s own idea of a box model that is unlike any other with many bugs
  2. This is better... Borders, and horizontal paddings all all contained

    within the width. Supported by a majority of browsers, including the lovely IE8.
  3. .float { float: left; width: 150px; margin-right: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;

    } .float .content Another Common float .content { margin-left: 170px; }
  4. Some caveats... Float without a width and the width of

    the interior content will be the width. Long text within a float requires that you set a width. Otherwise it’s 100%. A tall floated item must be cleared, or you will end up with floats within floats.
  5. Clear your floats... No need to use extra markup to

    clear your floats. Self-clearing is the only way.
  6. .selector { overflow: auto; *zoom: 1; } Self Clearing Floats

    .selector:after { content: "."; display: block; height: 0; clear: both; visibility: hidden; }
  7. Mixin Don’t use clearfix as a mixin in SASS or

    LESS. Use it as a class name and save.
  8. Things to remember... Absolutely positioned elements are positioned relative to

    the nearest relatively positioned element, or the body element if none. Fixed position elements are positioned relative to the body element every time.
  9. Body Parent Child .parent { position: relative; } .child {

    position: fixed; top: 0; right: 0; left: 0; } Fixed Positioning
  10. Body Parent Child .parent { position: relative; } .child {

    position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; } Absolute Positioning
  11. Z-index Z-index defines the layer that you want an element

    to appear on. IE6 & 7 have issues with z-index. Everyone else does it properly.
  12. Z-INDEX Using z-index .selector:before { position: absolute; z-index: -1; top:

    -20px; opacity: 50; font-size: 75%; content: “Z-INDEX” } Z-INDEX Z-INDEX .selector:after { position: absolute; z-index: -2; top: -40px; opacity: 25; font-size: 50%; content: “Z-INDEX” }