Upgrade to Pro
— share decks privately, control downloads, hide ads and more …
Speaker Deck
Features
Speaker Deck
PRO
Sign in
Sign up for free
Search
Search
ロードバランサーって何? / What is the load balancer?
Search
ハトネコエ
July 31, 2017
Technology
0
190
ロードバランサーって何? / What is the load balancer?
「ロードバランサーってよく聞くけど何物?」から始まり、DSRのメリット・デメリットなど。
社内勉強会にて発表。
ハトネコエ
July 31, 2017
Tweet
Share
More Decks by ハトネコエ
See All by ハトネコエ
プルリクエストレビューを終わらせるためのチーム体制 / The Team for Completing Pull Request Reviews
nekonenene
4
2.7k
今年こそ知るべきセキュリティー入門 / Security Basics 2025
nekonenene
0
44
Godot 4.3 と学ぶインタラクティブミュージック / Interactive Music Basics with Godot 4.3
nekonenene
0
120
Developer Consoleを使い倒そう / Use Web Browser DevTools
nekonenene
0
35
まだまだマイナー?! 未踏事業について教えます / Introduction of Mitou Project
nekonenene
1
130
Docker for Windows/macOS
nekonenene
0
25
技術的負債を防ぐには / What is the Technical Debt
nekonenene
0
320
画像処理の基礎の基礎 / Ultra Basic of Image Processing
nekonenene
0
41
伝わる文章を書こう講座 / Write the Kind Japanese Message
nekonenene
2
150
Other Decks in Technology
See All in Technology
TechBull Membersの開発進捗どうですか!?
rvirus0817
0
220
ローカル環境でAIを動かそう!
falken
PRO
1
170
障害を回避するHttpClient再入門 / Avoiding Failures HttpClient Reintroduction
uskey512
1
130
Digitization部 紹介資料
sansan33
PRO
1
3.8k
Java 30周年記念! Javaの30年をふりかえる
skrb
1
770
TypeScript と歩む OpenAPI の discriminator / OpenAPI discriminator with TypeScript
kaminashi
1
150
[zh-TW] DevOpsDays Taipei 2025 -- Creating Awesome Change in SmartNews!(machine translation)
martin_lover
1
650
Introduction to Sansan, inc / Sansan Global Development Center, Inc.
sansan33
PRO
0
2.6k
テストを実施する前に考えるべきテストの話 / Thinking About Testing Before You Test
nihonbuson
PRO
14
2k
SmartHRの複数のチームにおけるMCPサーバーの活用事例と課題
yukisnow1823
2
1.2k
うちの会社の評判は?SNSの投稿分析にAIを使ってみた
doumae
0
250
AIコードエディタは開発を変えるか?Cursorをチームに導入して1ヶ月経った本音
ota1022
1
700
Featured
See All Featured
CSS Pre-Processors: Stylus, Less & Sass
bermonpainter
357
30k
What’s in a name? Adding method to the madness
productmarketing
PRO
22
3.5k
Building a Modern Day E-commerce SEO Strategy
aleyda
40
7.3k
Evolution of real-time – Irina Nazarova, EuRuKo, 2024
irinanazarova
8
750
Build The Right Thing And Hit Your Dates
maggiecrowley
35
2.7k
Why Our Code Smells
bkeepers
PRO
336
57k
VelocityConf: Rendering Performance Case Studies
addyosmani
329
24k
Scaling GitHub
holman
459
140k
Fight the Zombie Pattern Library - RWD Summit 2016
marcelosomers
233
17k
Code Review Best Practice
trishagee
68
18k
The Web Performance Landscape in 2024 [PerfNow 2024]
tammyeverts
5
620
RailsConf & Balkan Ruby 2019: The Past, Present, and Future of Rails at GitHub
eileencodes
137
34k
Transcript
ϩʔυόϥϯαʔ͕ Θ͔Βͳ͍ ϋτωίΤ @nekonenene 201707݄31
• ϩʔυόϥϯαʔɺௐΕௐΔ΄Ͳ NATSSL௨৴ͳͲલఏͱͳΔωοτϫʔΫ ͕ࣝΓࢁͳ͜ͱ͕Θ͔ͬͯɺ શ෦৮ΕΒΕͳ͍ͷͰɺؾʹͳͬͯͨ ࣍ϖʔδͷ͜ͱͷΈѻ͍·͢ • L4ʢτϥϯεϙʔτɿTCP/UDPʣ • L7ʢΞϓϦέʔγϣϯʣ
ϩʔυόϥϯαʔΘ͔Βͳ͍
• ϩʔυͬͯͳʹʁ ಓʁ • ͲΜͳΈͳͷʁ • σʔλΛͲ͏ͬͯΫϥΠΞϯτʹ͢ͷʁ • ઐ༻ͷػցΛങΘͳ࣮ͯ͘ݱͰ͖Δʁ •
ෳͷϩʔυόϥϯαΛཱͯͨͱ͖ɺ ͦΕͷଓཧͲ͕͓͜͜ͳ͏ͷʁ ͕͜͜Θ͔Βͳ͍
• load ͱ͍͏ͱʮσʔλΛಡΈࠐΉʢಈࢺʣʯ ͷΠϝʔδ͕ڧ͍͚Ͳɺʮॏՙʢ໊ࢺʣʯͷ ҙຯ͕ݩʑɻͭ·Γʮෛՙʯ • ʮՙΛੵΉɾ٧ΊࠐΉʯˠʮర͢Δʯ ˠʮσʔλΛॻ͖ࠐΉɾಡΈࠐΉʯ ͱ͍͏ྲྀΕͰίϯϐϡʔλ༻ޠͱͯ͠Θ ΕΔΑ͏ʹͳͬͨͬΆ͍
1. ϩʔυͬͯͳʹʁ
• load balancing ʮෛՙࢄʯͱ͍͏ҙຯͰ ϩʔυόϥϯαͦΕΛͬͯ͘ΕΔͷ • ͳͷͰɺҙຯ߹͍ͱ͍͚ͯ͠Ͳɺ جຊతʹϩʔυόϥϯγϯά༻ʹ࡞ΒΕͨ ͷΛϩʔυόϥϯαͱͯ͠ޠ͍͖ͬͯ·͢ ϩʔυόϥϯα
• ϩʔυόϥϯα͕ͲͷαʔόʔΛબ͢Δ͔ ͷख๏͍͘Β͔͋Δɻ͓ͳྫˣ • ϥϯυϩϏϯํࣜɿ୯७ʹॱ൪ʹબ • ॏΈ͚ͮɿൺΛఆٛ • ࠷খଓɿݱࡏͷίωΫγϣϯ͕࠷খ͞ ͍αʔόʹసૹ
2. ͲΜͳΈͳͷʁ ࢀߟ : http://www.infraexpert.com/study/loadbalancer4.html
• DNSͷAϨίʔυͰɺಉυϝΠϯʹ ෳͷIPΞυϨεΛׂΓͯΔ͜ͱͰ ϥϯυϩϏϯํࣜΛ࣮ݱ͢Δͷ ʢϩʔυόϥϯα͍Βͣʂ खܰʂʣ • RFC3484ʹͯʮෳׂΓ͕ͯ͋Δ߹ ͬͱ͍ۙαʔόΛબʯͱͳͬͨͷͰݱ ࡏϥϯυϩϏϯʹͳΒͳ͍͜ͱ
DNSϥϯυϩϏϯ
• ϥϯυϩϏϯͰͳ͍Ͱ͕͢ɺ AWS Route53ͰWeightͷࢦఆ͕͓͜ͳ ͑ɺDNSʹΑΔʮॏΈ͚ͮʯͷෛՙࢄ͕Մ ೳͰ͢ DNSʹΑΔෛՙࢄ ࢀߟ : http://qiita.com/nagizero/items/385ed12c60f229a4df9c
• AWSͷυΩϡϝϯτతʹɺELB CLBʢClassic Load Balancerʣ ALBʢApplication Load Balancerʣ ʹ͔Ε·͕͢ɺELBʹCLBͱ͠·͢ •
ͳ͓ɺALBEC2Πϯελϯεͷ Ͳͷίϯςφʹͭͳ͙͔·ͰΛ੍ޚ͢Δɻ ϥϯυϩϏϯϧʔςΟϯάΞϧΰϦζϜisԿ ELBͲͷํࣜʁ
• ʰσϑΥϧτͰɺϩʔυόϥϯαʔɺ ϩʔυόϥϯαʔʹରͯ͠༗ޮʹ͢ΔΞϕΠ ϥϏϦςΟʔκʔϯؒͰۉʹτϥϑΟοΫ Λࢄ͠·͢ʱ ( http://docs.aws.amazon.com/ja_jp/elasticloadbalancing/latest/classic/ introduction.html ) •
ॏΈ͚ͮ 1:1:1:1:1:1:ʢུ ͷࢄํࣜΛऔ͍ͬͯΔΑ͏Ͱ͢Ͷ CLBͲͷํࣜʁ
• αʔόʔ͔ΒͷϨεϙϯε͕ϩʔυόϥϯ αʔΛܦ༝͍ͯͯ͠ɺϩʔυόϥϯαʔͷ ෛՙେ͖͍ΑͶʁ ͱࢥ͍ͬͯͨͷͰɺΫϥΠΞϯτૹΔ ͷͩͱࢲࢥ͍ͬͯͨɻ • ্هํࣜΛDSRʢDirect Server Returnʣߏ
ͱݴ͏ 3. ΫϥΠΞϯτͲ͏ͬͯʁ
• αʔόʔ͔Βฦ͢ใ͕ϩʔυόϥϯαʔ Λ௨Βͳ͍ͷͰɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷใ ಘΒΕͳ͍ • ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯతͳใʹΑΔෛՙࢄ͕ ͓͜ͳ͑ͳ͍ʢ͖ͬ͞ͷ࠷খଓͳͲʣ • CookieΛ༻͍ͨεςΟοΩʔηογϣϯ ʢύʔγεςϯεʣ͓͜ͳ͑ͳ͍
DSRͷσϝϦοτ ࢀߟ : http://knowledge.sakura.ad.jp/tech/527
• HTTPS௨৴Λ͓͜ͳ͏߹ɺ҉߸Խɾ෮߸ʹ ͦΕͳΓͷෛՙ • ϩʔυόϥϯαʔʹ͍ͬͨΜฦ͢͜ͱͰ SSLΞΫηϥϨʔλʢ҉߸Խɾ෮߸͢Δ ͷʣ͖ϩʔυόϥϯαʔͰ͋Εɺ ͦ͜ʹෛՙΛҰͰ͖Δ͠ɺSSLূ໌ॻͦ ͜ʹ͚ͩஔ͍ͯɺαʔόͱHTTP௨৴Մೳ DSRΛΘͳ͍ϝϦοτ
• ಈըετϦʔϛϯά࠶ੜͷΑ͏ʹɺ େྔͷϨεϙϯεΛαʔόʔ͕ฦ͢γεςϜ ͷ߹ɺϩʔυόϥϯαʔͷεϧʔϓοτ ʢσʔλసૹʣੑೳ͕͍͔ͭͳ͍͔Β DSRΛ͏΄͏͕͍͍ɺͱ͍͏߹͋Δ • ͨͩɺௐͯΈͨײ͡DSRΛקΊͳ͍ௐ ͕ଟ͘ײͨ͡ DSRΛ͏΄͏͕͍͍߹
ࢀߟ : http://www.infraexpert.com/study/loadbalancer12.html
• ϩʔυόϥϯαʔΛௐΔͱ F5 Networks.Inc ͷʰBIG-IPʱͷ͕ଟ͍… • ͰɺࣗαʔόͰݐͯΒΕͳ͍͔ʁ • ʰLinux Virtual
Server (LVS)ʱͱ ʰKeepalivedʱΛ༻͍Δ͜ͱͰɺ αʔόʔΛϩʔυόϥϯαʔԽͰ͖Δ 4. ઐ༻ͷػց͕ඞཁʁ
• LVSॏΈ͚ͮʹΑΔࢄΛ͓͜ͳ͑·͢ ʢઃఆํ๏ : http://dsas.blog.klab.org/archives/50664843.html ʣ • Keepalived֤αʔόʔͷࢮ׆ঢ়گΛɺ TCPίωΫγϣϯ͕ுΕΔ͔(TCP_CHECK) HTTPΞΫηεͰ͖Δ͔(HTTP_GET)
ͱ͍ͬͨํ๏Ͱࢹ͠·͢ ʢઃఆํ๏ : http://blog.idcf.jp/entry/cloud/keepalived ʣ LVS + Keepalived
• AWSͷElastic Load Balancingʹ͓͚Δ ϩʔυόϥϯαʔউखʹ૿ݮ͢ΔΒ͍͠ɻ • ͡Ό͋ͲͷϩʔυόϥϯαʔʹৼΔ͔ Ͳ͏͍͏Έʁ • ͜ͷࢿྉ7ϖʔδʹ͋ͬͨDNSϥϯυϩϏϯ
ͱಉ༷ͷํ๏Ͱղܾ͍ͯ͠Δ 5. ϩʔυόϥϯαʔͷόϥϯαʔʁ
ΫϥΠΞϯτ͕ϦΫΤετΛϩʔυόϥϯαʔʹૹ৴͢ΔલʹɺυϝΠϯωʔϜγεςϜ (DNS) αʔόʔΛ༻ͯ͠ϩʔυόϥϯαʔͷυϝΠϯ໊Λղܾ͠·͢ɻ Πϯελϯε amazonaws.com υϝΠϯʹ͋ΔͨΊɺDNS ΤϯτϦ Amazon ʹ Α੍ͬͯޚ͞Ε·͢ɻAmazon
DNS αʔόʔɺ1 ͭҎ্ͷ IP ΞυϨε (ϩʔυόϥϯ αʔ༻ͷϩʔυόϥϯαʔϊʔυͷ IP ΞυϨε) ΛΫϥΠΞϯτʹฦ͠·͢ɻ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷτϥϑΟοΫ͕࣌ؒͷܦաͱͱʹมԽ͢ΔͱɺElastic Load Balancing ϩʔυόϥϯαʔΛεέʔϦϯάͯ͠ DNS ΤϯτϦΛߋ৽͠·͢ɻDNS Τ ϯτϦͰɺ༗ޮظݶ (TTL) 60 ඵʹࢦఆ͞Ε͍ͯΔͨΊɺτϥϑΟοΫͷมԽʹԠ͡ ͯ IP ΞυϨε͕ਝʹ࠶Ϛοϓ͞ΕΔʹҙ͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻ AWSυΩϡϝϯτΑΓ Ҿ༻ݩ : http://docs.aws.amazon.com/ja_jp/elasticloadbalancing/latest/ userguide/how-elastic-load-balancing-works.html#request-routing
εοΩϦʂ
ΑΓਂ͘Γͨ͘ͳͬͨํ ͜ͷεϥΠυ͕ྑ͛͞Ͱ͢ ʰϩʔυόϥϯα࠶ೖʱ https://www.slideshare.net/ ryuichitakashima3/ ss-72343772