Upgrade to Pro
— share decks privately, control downloads, hide ads and more …
Speaker Deck
Features
Speaker Deck
PRO
Sign in
Sign up for free
Search
Search
SWIM: Scalable Weakly Consistent Infection Styl...
Search
Sponsored
·
Ship Features Fearlessly
Turn features on and off without deploys. Used by thousands of Ruby developers.
→
Paul Hinze
July 22, 2015
Technology
410
2
Share
Embed
Copy iframe code
Copy JS code
Copy link
Start on current slide
SWIM: Scalable Weakly Consistent Infection Style Process Group Membership Protocol
Papers We Love, Chicago
July 22, 2015
Paul Hinze
July 22, 2015
More Decks by Paul Hinze
See All by Paul Hinze
Getting Good at System Failure Analysis
phinze
0
490
Applying Graph Theory to Infrastructure As Code
phinze
6
2.2k
Infrastructure as Code with Terraform and Friends
phinze
2
340
Smoke & Mirrors: The Primitives of High Availability
phinze
1
770
Git: Everybody's Favorite MMO
phinze
0
230
Shut Up and Pipe! Unix-style Object Collaboration in Rack and Vagrant
phinze
0
200
Freighthop: Vagrant on Rails
phinze
0
350
Puppet Modules Are Our Friends
phinze
0
150
Who Needs Clouds?: HA in Your Datacenter
phinze
1
560
Other Decks in Technology
See All in Technology
Making sense of Google’s agentic dev tools
glaforge
1
290
インシデント事例と パッケージの全量解析に学ぶ ソフトウェアサプライチェーンの守り方 / supply-chain-attack-defense
flatt_security
0
110
誤解だらけの開発生産性 / Myths and Misconceptions about Developer Productivity
i35_267
2
820
公式ドキュメントの歩き方etc
coco_se
1
120
ガバナンスの「ちょうどいい落とし所」を探れ!開発スピードを妨げない運用判断の勘所 / SRE NEXT 2026
genda
1
260
Kaggleで成長するために意識したこと
prgckwb
2
420
SRE依存からの脱却 運用を開 発チームへ移す、 フルサイ クル開 発体制の実践
joooee0000
0
3.2k
Compose 新機能総まとめ / What's New in Jetpack Compose
yanzm
0
320
AICoEでAIネイティブ組織への進化
yukiogawa
0
200
型は壁、Rustでもバグを直すな、表現できなくせよ
nwiizo
14
2.1k
AIレビューはどこまで任せられるのか?自動化と人が背負うレビューの境界
sansantech
PRO
3
1.1k
DMM.com 購入改善推進チーム におけるCodeRabbitを用いた レビューフロー改善の一例
ysknsid25
2
670
Featured
See All Featured
Are puppies a ranking factor?
jonoalderson
1
3.7k
職位にかかわらず全員がリーダーシップを発揮するチーム作り / Building a team where everyone can demonstrate leadership regardless of position
madoxten
64
56k
A Soul's Torment
seathinner
6
3.1k
Six Lessons from altMBA
skipperchong
29
4.3k
Crafting Experiences
bethany
1
220
A better future with KSS
kneath
240
18k
First, design no harm
axbom
PRO
2
1.2k
Visualizing Your Data: Incorporating Mongo into Loggly Infrastructure
mongodb
49
10k
A Modern Web Designer's Workflow
chriscoyier
698
190k
More Than Pixels: Becoming A User Experience Designer
marktimemedia
3
460
Principles of Awesome APIs and How to Build Them.
keavy
128
18k
Stop Working from a Prison Cell
hatefulcrawdad
274
21k
Transcript
SWIM Scalable Weakly Consistent Infection Style Process Group Membership Protocol
Paul Hinze phinze
Paul Hinze phinze death stare
Armon Dadgar armon creator of Serf and Consul
ma
None
None
Process Group Membership Protocol Who is alive
None
Process Group Membership Protocol
SWIM Scalable Weakly Consistent Infection Style Process Group Membership Protocol
Scalable The SWIM effort is motivated by the unscalability of
traditional heartbeating protocols.
Heartbeating A B C A A B B Failure Detection
+ Membership
Heartbeating
Evaluating Protocols Completeness Speed Accuracy Overhead
Evaluating Protocols Completeness Speed Accuracy Overhead heartbeating Yes Limit *
Interval High Nodes2 !
Key Insight Failure Detection State Updates. Solve separately from
Failure Detection ping! ack! A B C D {B,C,D}
Failure Detection ping! ack! A B C D {B,C,D}
Indirect Ping ping(C)! ack! B C D ping(C)! ping ack
fail {B,C,D}
Indirect Ping ping(C)! B C D ping(C)! fail ...C is
dead! fail
Key Insight Failure Detection State Updates. Solve separately from
Key Insight State Updates Failure Detection Piggyback onto messages.
State Updates ping! (B is dead) ack! (D just joined)
A B C D {B,C} {D}
Infection Style A B C D {B,C} {A,B,D} {A,B} weakly
consistent
Evaluating Protocols Completeness Speed Accuracy Overhead SWIM Yes, eventually 1
* Interval High-ish O(N)
Improvements Time Bounded Completeness Increased Accuracy
Completeness A B {B, C, D, ..., N} N
Completeness A B {B, C, D, ..., N} N 1.
Shuffle List 2. Iterate
Completeness Fixed Time
Evaluating Protocols Completeness Speed Accuracy Overhead SWIM Yes, fixed time
1 * Interval High-ish O(N)
Accuracy B C D ...C is MAYBE dead! A
Accuracy B C D I heard C might be dead.
A
Accuracy B C D I'm not dead! A
Accuracy
Evaluating Protocols Completeness Speed Accuracy Overhead SWIM Yes, fixed time
1 * Interval High O(N)
Evaluating Protocols Completeness Speed Accuracy Overhead SWIM Yes, fixed time
1 * Interval High O(N)
None
Limitations Update Latency Problem Solution Separate Gossip Timer
Limitations Cannot Handle Network Partitions Problem Solution Track and Retry
Recently Dead Nodes
Limitations No Concept of Graceful Leave (vs Failure) Problem Solution
Broadcast and Tracking of "Intents"
Limitations New Nodes Take Too Long Materialize Initial State Problem
Solution Anti-entropy TCP State Syncs
Limitations No built-in facility for user data Problem Solution Implement
user payloads (ordering via lamport clocks)
Limitations No peer metadata, only IP Addresses Problem Solution Inject
versioned peer metadata into state messages
Limitations No encryption Problem Solution Implement AES-GCM with key rotation
56 nodes 2K nodes Performance
Implementations Memberlist https://github.com/hashicorp/memberlist Serf lib https://github.com/hashicorp/serf Serf http://www.serfdom.io Consul http://www.consul.io
Implementations events, queries, and scripts serf CLI serf lib memberlist
Implementations service discovery, K/V, health checks consul serf lib memberlist
Implementations service discovery, K/V, health checks
Thanks Cloud icons by Julien Deveaux from the Noun Project