Processing IoT data with Apache Kafka, KSQL, and Machine Learning

@rmoff [email protected] https://speakerdeck.com/rmoff/ Processing IoT data with Apache Kafka, KSQL,
and Machine Learning building IoT, Köln 5th June 2018 / Robin Moffatt

@rmoff / Processing IoT data with Apache Kafka, KSQL, and
Machine Learning $ whoami • Developer Advocate @ Confluent • Working in data & analytics since 2001 • Oracle ACE Director & Dev Champion • Blogging : http://rmoff.net & http://cnfl.io/rmoff • Twitter: @rmoff • Geek stuff • Beer & Fried Breakfasts 2 https://speakerdeck.com/rmoff/

Machine Learning What we will talk about… •What is Apache Kafka? •IoT and Kafka •Machine Learning and Kafka •Stream Processing with Kafka •Put it all together :   IoT + Stream Processing + ML + Kafka! 3

Machine Learning “ What is kafka? 5

Machine Learning “ 6 Kafka is a streaming platform

Machine Learning “ all your data is event streams 7

Machine Learning 8 A Sensor Reading

Machine Learning 9 An Application Log Entry

Machine Learning 10 A Customer Experience

Machine Learning 11 A Sale

Machine Learning 12 Databases

Machine Learning 13 The Streaming Platform

Machine Learning 14 Scalable Decoupled The Streaming Platform Realtime

Machine Learning Simple Data Pipelines - storage in HDFS for batch analytics / processing 15 HDFS / S3

Machine Learning Event Driven Applications 16 Stream Processing App

Machine Learning Real-time Enrichment and Analytics on What's Happening Now 17 Lookup data Stream Processing Event Streams

Machine Learning Real-time Enrichment and Analytics on What's Happening Now 18 Lookup data Stream Processing HDFS / S3 App Event Streams

Machine Learning Apache Kafka at Large Scale 19 https://conferences.oreilly.com/strata/strata-ca/public/schedule/detail/63921 https://qconlondon.com/london2018/presentation/cloud-native-and-scalable-kafka-architecture (2018) (2018)

Machine Learning Kafka Cluster Apache Kafka 21 Reads are a single seek & scan Writes are append only Kafka A Distributed Commit Log. Publish and subscribe to   streams of records. Highly scalable, high throughput.   Supports transactions. Persisted data. Stream processing.

Machine Learning Producer and Consumer API • Send data directly to Kafka using the Producer API • Configurable for number of acks required etc • Open-source client libraries available for: 22 • Java • Scala • Python • C / C++ • .NET • Go

Machine Learning • Very lightweight messaging protocol, often used with IoT devices • Integrates with Kafka through Kafka Connect • https://github.com/jcustenborder/kafka-connect-mqtt Stream Processing HDFS / S3 App MQTT 23

Machine Learning The Connect API of Apache Kafka® 24 ✓ Fault tolerant and automatically load balanced ✓ Extensible API ✓ Single Message Transforms ✓ Part of Apache Kafka, included in  Confluent Open Source Reliable and scalable integration of Kafka with other systems – no coding required. { "connector.class": "io.confluent.connect.jdbc.JdbcSourceConnector", "connection.url": "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/demo?user=rmoff&password=foo", "table.whitelist": "sales,orders,customers" } https://docs.confluent.io/current/connect/ ✓ Centralized management and configuration ✓ Support for hundreds of technologies including RDBMS, Elasticsearch, HDFS, S3 ✓ Supports CDC ingest of events from RDBMS ✓ Preserves data schema

Machine Learning Kafka Connect 25 Kafka Brokers Kafka Connect Tasks Workers Sources Sinks Amazon S3 syslog flat file CSV JSON MQTT MQTT

Machine Learning REST Proxy: Talking to Non-native Kafka Apps and Outside the Firewall 26 REST Proxy Non-Java Applications Native Kafka Java Applications Schema Registry REST / HTTP Simplifies administrative actions Simplifies message creation and consumption Provides a RESTful interface to a Kafka cluster

Machine Learning Machine Learning 28 ... allows computers to find hidden insights without being explicitly programmed where to look.

Machine Learning Machine Learning 28 ... allows computers to find hidden insights without being explicitly programmed where to look. Machine Learning • Decision Trees • Naïve Bayes • Clustering • Neural Networks • etc.

Machine Learning Machine Learning 28 ... allows computers to find hidden insights without being explicitly programmed where to look. Machine Learning • Decision Trees • Naïve Bayes • Clustering • Neural Networks • etc. Deep Learning • CNN • RNN • Autoencoder • etc.

Machine Learning Real World Examples of Machine Learning 29 Email composition Search Results + Product Recommendation Healthcare screening Automated dialogue

Machine Learning Leverage Machine Learning to Analyze and Act on Critical Business Moments 30 Windows of Opportunity

Machine Learning Leverage Machine Learning to Analyze and Act on Critical Business Moments 30 Seconds Price Optimization Fraud Detection Cross Selling Windows of Opportunity

Machine Learning Leverage Machine Learning to Analyze and Act on Critical Business Moments 30 Seconds Minutes Price Optimization Fraud Detection Cross Selling Transportation Rerouting Customer Service Windows of Opportunity

Machine Learning Leverage Machine Learning to Analyze and Act on Critical Business Moments 30 Seconds Minutes Hours Price Optimization Predictive Maintenance Fraud Detection Cross Selling Transportation Rerouting Customer Service Inventory Management Windows of Opportunity

Machine Learning Languages, Frameworks, and Tools for Machine Learning 31 Portable Format for Analytics (PFA)

Machine Learning Languages, Frameworks, and Tools for Machine Learning 31 There is no all-rounder ! ML-independent infrastructure needed! Portable Format for Analytics (PFA)

Machine Learning Apache Kafka’s Open Source Ecosystem as Infrastructure for Machine Learning 32

Machine Learning Apache Kafka’s Open Source Ecosystem as Infrastructure for Machine Learning 33 Kafka Streams Kafka Connect Rest Proxy Schema Registry Go / .NET / Python Kafka Producer KSQL Kafka Streams

Machine Learning Replay-ability – A log never forgets! 34 Time Model B Model X Model A Producer Distributed Commit Log Different models with same data Different ML Frameworks AutoML compatible A/B Testing

Machine Learning the KAFKA STREAMS API is a   JAVA API to   BUILD REAL-TIME APPLICATIONS to   POWER THE BUSINESS 36

Machine Learning Things Kafka Streams Does 37

Machine Learning Things Kafka Streams Does 37 Runs everywhere

Machine Learning Things Kafka Streams Does 37 Runs everywhere Clustering done for you

Machine Learning Things Kafka Streams Does 37 Runs everywhere Clustering done for you Exactly-once processing

Machine Learning Things Kafka Streams Does 37 Runs everywhere Clustering done for you Exactly-once processing Event-time processing

Machine Learning Things Kafka Streams Does 37 Runs everywhere Clustering done for you Exactly-once processing Event-time processing Integrated database

Machine Learning Things Kafka Streams Does 37 Runs everywhere Clustering done for you Exactly-once processing Event-time processing Integrated database Joins, windowing, aggregation

Machine Learning Things Kafka Streams Does 37 Runs everywhere Clustering done for you Exactly-once processing Event-time processing Integrated database Joins, windowing, aggregation S/M/L/XL/XXL/XXXL sizes

Machine Learning 38 App Streams API Not running inside brokers!

Machine Learning 39 Brokers? Nope! App Streams API App Streams API App Streams API Same app, many instances

Machine Learning 40 Declarative Stream Language Processing KSQL is a

Machine Learning 41 KSQL is the Streaming SQL Engine for Apache Kafka

Machine Learning KSQL in Development and Production 42 Interactive KSQL  for development and testing REST “Hmm, let me try  out this idea...”

Machine Learning KSQL in Development and Production 42 Interactive KSQL  for development and testing Headless KSQL  for Production Desired KSQL queries have been identified REST “Hmm, let me try  out this idea...”

Machine Learning KSQL for Real-Time Monitoring 43 • Log data monitoring, tracking and alerting • syslog data • Sensor / IoT data CREATE STREAM SYSLOG_INVALID_USERS AS SELECT HOST, MESSAGE FROM SYSLOG WHERE MESSAGE LIKE '%Invalid user%'; http://cnfl.io/syslogs-filtering / http://cnfl.io/syslog-alerting

Machine Learning KSQL for Real-Time Monitoring 44 http://cnfl.io/syslog-alerting

Machine Learning KSQL for Streaming ETL 45 CREATE STREAM vip_actions AS   SELECT userid, page, action FROM clickstream c LEFT JOIN users u ON c.userid = u.user_id   WHERE u.level = 'Platinum'; Joining, filtering, and aggregating streams of event data

Machine Learning KSQL for Streaming ETL 46 Denormalise streams of data from hetrogenous sources CSV CSV CSV Kafka Connect kafka-connect-spooldir Debezium Kafka Connect kafka-connect-s3 MySQL S3 KSQL

Machine Learning KSQL for Anomaly Detection 47 CREATE TABLE possible_fraud AS  SELECT card_number, count(*)  FROM authorization_attempts   WINDOW TUMBLING (SIZE 5 SECONDS)  GROUP BY card_number  HAVING count(*) > 3; Identifying patterns or anomalies in real-time data, surfaced in milliseconds

Machine Learning KSQL for ML scoring 48 CREATE STREAM possible_fraud AS  SELECT txn_id, card_number  FROM credit_card_txn_stream  WHERE ANOMALY(txn_data) > 0.8; Apply Machine Learning models to live streams of data

Machine Learning Use Case: Anomaly Detection (Sensor Healthcheck) Machine Learning Algorithm: Autoencoder, built with H2O Streaming Platform: Apache Kafka and KSQL Live Demo – Prebuilt Model Embedded in KSQL Function 50

Machine Learning Overview 51

Machine Learning Overview ECG device Kafka Producer API 51

Machine Learning Overview KSQL Sensor data Scored data Apply ML model ECG device Kafka Producer API 51

Machine Learning Overview KSQL Sensor data Scored data Apply ML model Elasticsearch Kafka Connect All data ECG device Kafka Producer API 51

Machine Learning Overview KSQL Sensor data Scored data Apply ML model Elasticsearch Kafka Connect All data Kafka Consumer API Emergency system Critical Data ECG device Kafka Producer API 51

Machine Learning Training the model 52

Machine Learning Training the model 52 anomaly_model <- h2o.deeplearning( x = names(train_ecg), training_frame = train_ecg, activation = "Tanh", autoencoder = TRUE, hidden = c(50,20,50), sparse = TRUE, l1 = 1e-4, epochs = 100) R

Machine Learning Training the model 52 2.10,2.13,2.19,2.28,2.44,2.62,2.80,3.04,3.36,3.69,3.97,4.24,4.53,4.80,5.02,5.21,5.40,5.57,5.7 79,5.86,5.92,5.98,6.02,6.06,6.08,6.14,6.18,6.22,6.27,6.32,6.35,6.38,6.45,6.49,6.53,6.57,6.64, ,6.73,6.78,6.83,6.88,6.92,6.94,6.98,7.01,7.03,7.05,7.06,7.07,7.08,7.06,7.04,7.03,6.99,6.94,6. .83,6.77,6.69,6.60,6.53,6.45,6.36,6.27,6.19,6.11,6.03,5.94,5.88,5.81,5.75,5.68,5.62,5.61,5.54 9,5.45,5.42,5.38,5.34,5.31,5.30,5.29,5.26,5.23,5.23,5.22,5.20,5.19,5.18,5.19,5.17,5.15,5.14,5 5.16,5.15,5.15,5.15,5.14,5.14,5.14,5.15,5.14,5.14,5.13,5.15,5.15,5.15,5.14,5.16,5.15,5.15,5.1 14,5.15,5.15,5.14,5.13,5.14,5.14,5.11,5.12,5.12,5.12,5.09,5.09,5.09,5.10,5.08,5.08,5.08,5.08, ,5.05,5.06,5.07,5.05,5.03,5.03,5.04,5.03,5.01,5.01,5.02,5.01,5.01,5.00,5.00,5.02,5.01,4.98,5. .00,5.00,4.99,5.00,5.01,5.02,5.01,5.03,5.03,5.02,5.02,5.04,5.04,5.04,5.02,5.02,5.01,4.99,4.98 6,4.96,4.96,4.94,4.93,4.93,4.93,4.93,4.93,5.02,5.27,5.80,5.94,5.58,5.39,5.32,5.25,5.21,5.13,4 4.71,4.39,4.05,3.69,3.32,3.05,2.99,2.74,2.61,2.47,2.35,2.26,2.20,2.15,2.10,2.08 anomaly_model <- h2o.deeplearning( x = names(train_ecg), training_frame = train_ecg, activation = "Tanh", autoencoder = TRUE, hidden = c(50,20,50), sparse = TRUE, l1 = 1e-4, epochs = 100) R Training data

Machine Learning Training the model 52 2.10,2.13,2.19,2.28,2.44,2.62,2.80,3.04,3.36,3.69,3.97,4.24,4.53,4.80,5.02,5.21,5.40,5.57,5.7 79,5.86,5.92,5.98,6.02,6.06,6.08,6.14,6.18,6.22,6.27,6.32,6.35,6.38,6.45,6.49,6.53,6.57,6.64, ,6.73,6.78,6.83,6.88,6.92,6.94,6.98,7.01,7.03,7.05,7.06,7.07,7.08,7.06,7.04,7.03,6.99,6.94,6. .83,6.77,6.69,6.60,6.53,6.45,6.36,6.27,6.19,6.11,6.03,5.94,5.88,5.81,5.75,5.68,5.62,5.61,5.54 9,5.45,5.42,5.38,5.34,5.31,5.30,5.29,5.26,5.23,5.23,5.22,5.20,5.19,5.18,5.19,5.17,5.15,5.14,5 5.16,5.15,5.15,5.15,5.14,5.14,5.14,5.15,5.14,5.14,5.13,5.15,5.15,5.15,5.14,5.16,5.15,5.15,5.1 14,5.15,5.15,5.14,5.13,5.14,5.14,5.11,5.12,5.12,5.12,5.09,5.09,5.09,5.10,5.08,5.08,5.08,5.08, ,5.05,5.06,5.07,5.05,5.03,5.03,5.04,5.03,5.01,5.01,5.02,5.01,5.01,5.00,5.00,5.02,5.01,4.98,5. .00,5.00,4.99,5.00,5.01,5.02,5.01,5.03,5.03,5.02,5.02,5.04,5.04,5.04,5.02,5.02,5.01,4.99,4.98 6,4.96,4.96,4.94,4.93,4.93,4.93,4.93,4.93,5.02,5.27,5.80,5.94,5.58,5.39,5.32,5.25,5.21,5.13,4 4.71,4.39,4.05,3.69,3.32,3.05,2.99,2.74,2.61,2.47,2.35,2.26,2.20,2.15,2.10,2.08 anomaly_model <- h2o.deeplearning( x = names(train_ecg), training_frame = train_ecg, activation = "Tanh", autoencoder = TRUE, hidden = c(50,20,50), sparse = TRUE, l1 = 1e-4, epochs = 100) R Training data Model

Machine Learning Applying the model to a stream of data 53 CREATE STREAM ecg_scored AS SELECT event_id, ANOMALY(SENSORINPUT) FROM health_sensor; 8 6.00#6.04#6.08#6.10#6.14… 9 5.24#5.22#5.22#5.22#5.23… KSQL Model 8 1.24412 9 2.12952

Machine Learning Stream the data to Elasticsearch with Kafka Connect 54 CREATE STREAM ecg_scored AS SELECT event_id, ANOMALY(SENSORINPUT) FROM health_sensor; 8 6.00#6.04#6.08#6.10#6.14… 9 5.24#5.22#5.22#5.22#5.23… KSQL Model Kafka Connect Elasticsearch 8 1.24412 9 2.12952

Machine Learning Event-driven, real-time Alerts on IoT data with KSQL 55 sensor_raw 8 6.00#6.04#6.08#6.10#6.14… 9 5.24#5.22#5.22#5.22#5.23…

Machine Learning Event-driven, real-time Alerts on IoT data with KSQL 55 CREATE STREAM ecg_scored AS SELECT event_id, ANOMALY(SENSORINPUT) FROM health_sensor; sensor_raw 8 6.00#6.04#6.08#6.10#6.14… 9 5.24#5.22#5.22#5.22#5.23… ecg_scored 8 1.24412 9 2.12952

Machine Learning Event-driven, real-time Alerts on IoT data with KSQL 55 CREATE STREAM ecg_scored AS SELECT event_id, ANOMALY(SENSORINPUT) FROM health_sensor; CREATE STREAM alerts AS SELECT * FROM ecg_scored WHERE ANOMALY > 1.5 sensor_raw 8 6.00#6.04#6.08#6.10#6.14… 9 5.24#5.22#5.22#5.22#5.23… ecg_scored 8 1.24412 9 2.12952 sensor_alerts 9 2.12952

Machine Learning Event-driven, real-time Alerts on IoT data with KSQL 55 CREATE STREAM ecg_scored AS SELECT event_id, ANOMALY(SENSORINPUT) FROM health_sensor; CREATE STREAM alerts AS SELECT * FROM ecg_scored WHERE ANOMALY > 1.5 ALERT APP sensor_raw 8 6.00#6.04#6.08#6.10#6.14… 9 5.24#5.22#5.22#5.22#5.23… ecg_scored 8 1.24412 9 2.12952 sensor_alerts 9 2.12952

Machine Learning Visualise the data in realtime 56

Machine Learning Kafka + Deep Learning - resources 57 https://github.com/kaiwaehner https://www.confluent.io/blog/

Machine Learning Confluent Open Source : Apache Kafka with a bunch of cool stuff! For free! 58 Database Changes Log Events loT Data Web Events … CRM Data Warehouse Database Hadoop Data  Integration … Monitoring Analytics Custom Apps Transformations Real-time Applications … Apache Open Source Confluent Open Source Confluent Enterprise Confluent Platform Confluent Platform Apache Kafka® Core | Connect API | Streams API Data Compatibility Schema Registry Monitoring & Administration Confluent Control Center | Security Operations Replicator | Auto Data Balancing Development and Connectivity Clients | Connectors | REST Proxy | CLI Apache Open Source Confluent Open Source Confluent Enterprise SQL Stream Processing KSQL

Machine Learning Free Books! 59 https://www.confluent.io/apache-kafka-stream-processing-book-bundle

Machine Learning 60 @rmoff [email protected] https://slackpass.io/confluentcommunity https://www.confluent.io/download/

Machine Learning 61 #EOF

Processing IoT data with Apache Kafka, KSQL, an...

Processing IoT data with Apache Kafka, KSQL, and Machine Learning

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