Scalable Machine Learning with SPARK

MLBASE, MLlib MLI

1. SCALABLE MACHINE LEARNING with SPARK Sam Bessalah - @samklr Software Engineer These days : Data Pipelines Plumber
5. Why SPARK for Machine Learning?
6. It’s less about ML, rather than having an agile data science environment.
7. • Dataflow system materialized by immutable distributed collections with in memory data, suited for iterative and complex workloads • Its own ML library (MLLIB) and more … • Built in Scala, fully interoperable with Java Can use most of the work done in the JVM • Fluent and intuitive API, thanks to Scala functional style • Comes with a REPL, like R and Python, for quick feedback and interactive testing. • Not just for ML , but fit for data pipelines, integration, data access and ETL
11. MATLAB Example - Integrated environment for ML development. - Data access and processing tools - Leverages and extends the Lapack functionalities But doesn’t scale to distributed environments. Single Node Lapack Matlab Interface
12. Lapack Single Node Matlab Interface MATLAB SPARK MLBASE
13. MLLib : Low level ML algorithms implemented as Spark’s standard ML library Lapack Single Node Matlab Interface MATLAB SPARK MLBASE MLlib
14. MLLib : Low level ML algorithms in SPARK. MLI : API / Platform for feature extraction, data pre processing and algorithm consumption. Aims to be platform independent. Lapack Single Node Matlab Interface MATLAB SPARK MLBASE MLlib MLI
15. Spark : In memory, fast cluster computing system MLlib : Low level ML algorithms in Spark. MLI : API / Platform for feature extraction, data pre processing and algorithm consumption. Aims to be platform independent. ML Optimizer : automates model selection, by solving a search problem over features extractors SPARK MLBASE MLlib MLI ML Optimizer
16. MLlib • Core ML algorithms implemented using the Spark programming model • So far contains algorithms for : - Regression : Ridge, Lasso - Classification : Support Vector Machine, Logistic Regression, - RecSys : Matrix Factorisation with ALS - Clustering : K means - Optimisation : Stochastic Gradient Descent More being contributed ….
17. MLI : ML developer API • Aims to shield ML developers from runtimes implementation. • High level abstractions and operators to build models compatible with parallel data processing tools. • Linear Algebra : MLMatrix, MLRow, MLVector … - Linear algebra on local partitions - Sparse and Dense matrix support • Table Computations : MLTable - Similar to R/Pandas(Python) DataFrame or NumPy Array - Flexibility when loading /processing data - Common interface for feature extraction
18. ML Optimizer • Aimed at non ML developers • Specify ML tasks declaratively • Have the system do all the heavy lifting using MLI and MLLib. var X = load (‘’local_file ’’, 2 to 10) var Y = load (‘’text_file’’, 1) var (fn-model, summary) = doClassify(X, y) Not available yet, currently under development .
20. Example Worklow : Document Classification with MLI
21. Typical data analysis workflow Spark /MLI Load Raw Data
22. Typical data analysis workflow Spark /MLI Load Data Data Exploration / Feature Extraction Spark / MLI
23. Typical data analysis workflow Spark /MLI Load Raw Data Data Exploration / Features Extraction Spark / MLI Learn
24. Typical data analysis workflow Spark /MLI Load Raw Data Data Exploration / Features Extraction Spark / MLI Learn Evaluate Model
25. Typical data analysis workflow Spark /MLI Load Raw Data Data Exploration / Features Extraction Spark / MLI Learn Evaluate Model Test / Feature Eng. Deploy Application
26. • • But MLI is still under development. Good for some small stuff, but not quite there yet. Not a full blown machine learning library yet.
27. MLlib • Core Machine Learning algorithms in the Spark stdlib. • Primarily written in Scala, but can be used in PySpark via PythonMLLibAPI • So far contains algorithms for : - Regression : Ridge, Lasso, Linear - Classification : Support Vector Machines, Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, Decision Trees - Linear Algebra : DistributedMatrix, RowMatrix, etc. - Recommenders : Alternating Least squares, (SVD++ in GraphX) - Clustering : K means - Optimisation : Stochastic Gradient Descent - … … More being contributed …. Look at the Spark JIRA and for the Spark 1.0 release
29. Mllib Example • Example from Sean R. Owen of Cloudera : http://blog.cloudera.com/blog/2014/03/why-apache-spark-is-a-crossover-hit-for-data-scientists/ • Stackoverflow tags suggestions • Build a model that can suggest new tags to questions based on existing tags, using the alternating least squares recommender algorithm; • Questions are “users” and tags are “items
30. Interactive data processing Result from the REPL
31. Transform XML data into a distributed collection of (questionID, tag) tuples.
32. Transform strings into numeric values through hashing, and get tuples Convert those tuples into Rating(userId, productId, rating) to be fed to ALS We get a factored matrix model, from which we can predict recommendations. Not in Mllib
35. And to call it, pick any question with at least four tags, like “How to make substring-matching query work fast on a large table?” and get its ID from the URL. Here, that’s 7122697:
36. - MLlib is still in its infancy. - It remains a set of algorithms that requires some extra work to get value from - Many people are contributing, and a lot more trying to build on top of it. - Look for the Spark 1.0 release. - A new version of MLI should join Spark soon too.
37. Spark Bindings for MAHOUT • Scala DSL and algebraic optimizer for Matrix operation for Mahout. • SPARK is being adopted as a second backend for Mahout (even Oryx) • Provides so far algorithms for - Mahout’s Distributed Row Matrices (DRM) - ALS and Cooccurence (coming soon ) - SSVD
39. val A = drmFromHDFS(…) // Compute Cooccurrences val C = A.t %*% A // Find anomalous co occurrences // compute & broadcast number // of interactions per item val numInteractions = drmBroadcast(A.colSums) // create indicator matrix val I = C.mapBlock() { case (keys, block) => val indicatorBlock = sparse(block.nrow, block.ncol) for (row <- block) indicatorBlock(row.index,::) = ComputeLLR(row,numInteractions) keys -> indicatorBlock } Co occurrence analysis in Mahout on Spark
40. One stack to rule them all !
41. A lot more than MLbase GraphX : Graph processing engine for Spark. Built from the Graphlab ideas, and provide some machine learning functions like PageRank, ALS, SVD++, TriangleCount, SparkR and PySPARK, leverages R and Python data analysis tools with on SPARK. Spark Streaming : Stream processing on Spark, a great abstraction for stream mining, and analytics (think Algebird) SparkSQL and SHARK, to build machine learning workflows.
42. http://speakerdeck.com/samklr/