TLS徹底演習

セキュリティ・キャンプ全国大会2016 集中講義

Transcript

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   /PEFKT
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    ࠲ֶɿٕज़ऀʹͱͬͯͳͥ͜Ε͔Β5-4͕ॏཁ͔
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   5-4ϋϯυγΣΠΫΛֶͿ
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5. 5-4ͷ֓ཁ
6. ΠϯλʔωοτͷڴҖ ౪ௌ ύεϫʔυ΍ΫϨδο τΧʔυ൪߸Λ౪Έݟ
7. ΠϯλʔωοτͷڴҖ վ͟Μ ௨৴్தͰσʔλΛॻ͖׵͑
8. ΠϯλʔωοτͷڴҖ ͳΓ͢·͠ ϢʔβʹͳΓ͢· ͯ͠௨৴Λߦ͏
9. ΠϯλʔωοτͷڴҖ ൱ೝ ͦΜͳ௨৴ͯ͠· ͤΜͱΩϟϯηϧ
10. ΠϯλʔωοτͷڴҖ͔ΒकΔηΩϡϦςΟ ରࡦ ౪ௌ վ͟Μ ੒Γ͢ ·͠ ൱ೝ ҉߸Խ ׬શੑνΣοΫ ೝূ ॺ໊
11. ֤ϨΠϠʔʹ͓͚ΔηΩϡϦςΟ௨৴ WPA IPsec TLS,DTLS,SSH S/MIME, PGP ແઢLAN IP TCP, UDP σʔλ ࠓ೔ͷओ୊
12. TLSͷ໨త • TLSϓϩτίϧͷ࠷ॏཁͳΰʔϧ͸ɺ௨৴͢Δ̎ͭͷΞϓϦέʔγ ϣϯͷؒͰϓϥΠόγʔͱσʔλͷ׬શੑΛఏڙ͢Δ͜ͱͰ͢ɻ RFC5246: The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.2 1. Introduction The primary goal of the TLS protocol is to provide privacy and data integrity between two communicating applications. ΞϓϦ ΞϓϦ ׬શੑ ϓϥΠόγʔ
13. 5-4ͷ؆୯ͳྺ࢙ 44-
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18. ͳͥ5-4͕ॏཁ͔ʁ
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    w ެऺແઢ-"/ͷීٴͳͲ௨৴ͷ౪ௌɾվ͟Μ͕Մ ೳͳ؀ڥ͕޿͕͖͍ͬͯͯΔɻ
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22. ݕࡧαʔϏεձࣾͷ༕ྀ w ݕࡧͷϖʔδϥϯΫ͕ߴ͍αΠτѼͷฏจ௨৴͸ɺ߈ܸର ৅ͱͯ͠౰વૂΘΕΔɻ
    w ฏจ௨৴ͰϢʔβ͕ίϯςϯπվ͟Μ΍Ϛϧ΢ΣΞײછʹ Αͬͯ%%P4߈ܸͷҰ୺Λ୲͏ڪΕ΋͋Γ (JUIVC΁ͷ߈ ܸྫ ɻ
    w ωοτίϯςϯπͷ݈શੑͷ௿Լ͸ɺ௕ظతʹݕࡧαʔ Ϗε΁ͷ৴པੑΛଛͳ͏͜ͱʹͳΔɻ 4&0͸Ͳ͏ͳΔʁ
23. *"# ʹΑΔΠϯλʔωοτͷ ৴པੑʹؔ͢Δએݴ  w ৽͘͠ϓϩτίϧΛઃܭ͢Δࡍʹ͸ɺ҉߸ԽػೳΛඞ ਢͱ͢΂͖ɻ
    w ωοτϫʔΫӡ༻ऀ΍αʔϏεఏڙऀʹ҉߸Խ௨৴ͷ ಋೖΛਪਐ͢ΔΑ͏ڧ͘ٻΊΔɻ
    w ίϯςϯπϑΟϧλʔ΍*%4౳ฏจ௨৴͕ඞཁͳػೳ ʹ͍ͭͯ͸কདྷతʹ୅ସٕज़ͷ։ൃʹऔΓ૊Ήɻ
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24. .P[JMMBʹΑΔ
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25. $ISPNFͷ)551্ͷػೳഇࢭ $ISPNFͰ͸ɺԼهͷػೳΛ)551 ฏจ௨৴ Ͱར༻ېࢭ͢Δ༧ఆ
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    w ҉߸Խ͞ΕͨಈըԻ੠ͷ࠶ੜ
    
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26. ৗ࣌5-4΁ࢸΔಓ ৗ࣌5-4 ࠃՈϨϕϧͷ޿ൣғͳ౪ௌߦҝ ωοτίϯςϯπ ͷ݈શੑͷ֬อ )551 ฏจ௨৴ ্ͷ ϒϥ΢βͷػೳഇࢭ ҉߸Խલఏͷ ৽ٕज़։ൃ কདྷతͳ৽ٕज़͸5-4ར༻Λલఏͱ͢Δɻ
    ࠷ઌ୺ͷٕज़ऀ͸5-4Λආ͚ͯ௨Δ͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖ͳ͍ɻ ແྉূ໌ॻ
27. 5-4Λཧղ͢Δ४උ
28. TLSͷཁૉٕज़ X509ূ໌ॻ PKI ରশ ҉߸ ҉߸Ϟʔυ ެ։伴҉߸ σδλϧ ॺ໊ ϝοηʔδೝূ ཚ਺ ੜ੒ TLS 伴ަ׵ Ұํ޲ϋογϡ TLSϓϩτίϧ͸ɺ͜ΕΒͷཁૉٕज़Λ૊Έ߹Θͤͯ ΞϓϦؒͷηΩϡΞ௨৴Λཱ֬͢ΔखॱΛܾΊΔ
29. TLSཁૉٕज़ͷґଘੑ X509ূ໌ ॻ PKI ରশ ҉߸ ҉߸Ϟʔυ ެ։伴҉ ߸ σδλϧ ॺ໊ ϝοηʔδೝূ ཚ਺ ੜ੒ 伴ަ׵ Ұํ޲ϋογϡ ຊདྷ͸͜ͷҰͭҰͭΛ͖ͪΜͱཧղ͢Δ͜ͱ͕ඞཁ
30. TLSཁૉٕज़͸Ͳ͜Ͱ࢖ΘΕΔʁ ClientHello ServerHelloDone ChangeCipherSpec Finished ChangeCipherSpec Finished Application Data Application Data ཚ਺ੜ੒ ରশ҉߸ɾ҉߸ϞʔυɾҰํ޲ϋογϡɾཚ਺ੜ੒ 1,*ɾ9ূ໌ॻɾσδλϧॺ໊ ཚ਺ੜ੒ ServerHello Certificate ClientKeyExchange ServerKeyExchange ཚ਺ੜ੒ɾ伴ަ׵ɾ
    ެ։伴҉߸ɾσδλϧॺ໊ ϝοηʔδೝূ
    ରশ҉߸ɾ҉߸Ϟʔυ ϝοηʔδೝূ
    ରশ҉߸ɾ҉߸Ϟʔυ ཚ਺ੜ੒ɾ伴ަ׵
    σδλϧॺ໊
31. TLSཁૉٕज़͸Ͳ͜Ͱ࢖ΘΕΔʁ ཚ਺ੜ੒ $MJFOU4FSWFS)FMMPͷ/PODF
    伴ϖΞͷੜ੒
    σʔλ҉߸Խͷ*7 1,* $"ʹΑΔαʔόূ໌ॻͷॺ໊ͱൃߦ 9ূ໌ॻ $FSUJpDBUFʹΑΔαʔόɾΫϥΠΞϯτͷೝূɾެ։伴ͷऔಘ ిࢠॺ໊ ূ໌ॻͷॺ໊ɾ伴ަ׵Ͱަ׵͢Δެ։伴ͷॺ໊ 伴ަ׵ 4FSWFS$MJFOU,FZ&YDIBOHFʹΑΔ &$ %)ެ։伴ͷަ׵ ެ։伴҉߸ 34"伴ަ׵࣌ʹ1SF.BTUFS4FDSFUͷ҉߸ૹ৴ Ұํ޲ϋογϡ $#$ͳͲͷ҉߸Ϟʔυར༻࣌ʹΞϓϦσʔλͷ."$ੜ੒ ϝοηʔδೝূ .BTUFS4FDSFUͷੜ੒ɺ'JOJTIFEʹΑΔϋϯυγΣΠΫσʔλͷ׬શ ੑݕূ ରশ҉߸ɾ҉߸Ϟʔυ $IBOHF$JQIFS4QFDҎ߱ͷϋϯυγΣΠΫͱΞϓϦέʔγϣϯσʔλͷ҉߸Խ ʢ஫ɿଞʹ΋ࡉ͔͍ͱ͜ΖͰ࢖ΘΕ͍ͯ·͢ɻ
32. ࠓճ࢖͏TLSཁૉٕज़ AEAD Poly1305 ChaCha20 ECDHE RSA SHA256 X509ূ໌ ॻ PKI ରশ ҉߸ ҉߸Ϟʔυ ެ։伴҉ ߸ σδλϧ ॺ໊ ϝοηʔδೝূ ཚ਺ ੜ੒ 伴ަ׵ Ұํ޲ϋογϡ LinuxͳΒ/dev/urandom+OpenSSLॲཧ ࠓ೔ͷԋश
33. ηοτϝχϡʔԽ͞ΕͨTLSͷཁૉٕज़ TLS CipherSuites TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 = {0x00,0x9C} TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256={0xCC,0xA8} ରশ ҉߸ ҉߸Ϟʔ υ σδλϧ ॺ໊ ϝοηʔδೝূ (ϋογϡ) 伴ަ׵ TLS _ _ _WITH_ _ 伴௕ _ _ 伴ަ׵ɾσδλϧॺ໊ʹRSA ରশ҉߸ʹ128bit伴௕ͷAES ҉߸ϞʔυʹGCM(AEAD) ϋογϡʹSHA256 伴ަ׵ʹECDHE σδλϧॺ໊ʹRSA ରশ҉߸ʹChaCha20 ҉߸ϞʔυʹPoly1305(AEAD) ϋογϡʹSHA256 ൪߸ͱͯ͠0xCC,0xA8ΛׂΓ౰ͯ
34. ࠓ͸5-4ʹԿΛ࢖͏ʁ 伴ަ׵ 34" 'PSXBSE
    4FDSFDZ %)& &$%)& σδλϧॺ໊ 34" %44
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    ྔࢠίϯϐϡʔλͰ伴ަ׵ɺσδλ ϧॺ໊͸શ෦Ξ΢τʂ
35. ରশ҉߸ ҉߸จ ฏจ ڞ௨伴 ڞ௨伴 ฏจ ετϦʔϜ҉߸ɿσʔλΛஞ࣍҉߸Խ(RC4, Chacha20) ϒϩοΫ҉߸ɿσʔλΛϒϩοΫຖʹ҉߸Խ(DES, AES) ز͔ͭͷ҉߸Ͱ͸طʹةຆԽɿ DES: 2005೥ NIST FPS46-3ن֨ͷഇࢭ(2030೥·Ͱ͸ڐ༰) RC4: RFC7455: Prohibiting RC4 Cipher Suites ҉߸Խ ෮߸Խ ϒϩοΫɺετϦʔϜͷ྆ऀͷҧ͍͸ݱࡏͳ͘ͳ͖͍ͬͯͯΔ
    ϒϩοΫ҉߸ "&4 Λ҉߸Ϟʔυ ޙड़ ͰΧ΢ϯλʔϞʔυΛར༻͢Δ͜ͱʹΑΓશͯε τϦʔϜ҉߸ͱͯ͠ར༻Ͱ͖·͢ɻ "&4($.͸ετϦʔϜ҉߸ॲཧ
36. ରশ҉߸ AES • 1997೥ΑΓϓϩδΣΫτ։࢝ɺ2000೥બఆɺ2001 ೥࢓༷ൃߦ • ϒϩοΫαΠζ 128bit • 伴௕ɿ 128bits, 192bits, 256bits ͷ̏छྨ • Intel/AMDͷCPUͰϋʔυ΢ΣΞॲཧͷαϙʔτ (AES-NI) ̎̌̍̒೥ݱࡏ5-4௨৴ͷσϑΝΫτ $IB$IB͸ޙͰͨͬ΀Γͱઆ໌͠·͢ɻ
37. ҉߸Ϟʔυ • ϒϩοΫ҉߸͸ಉ͡σʔλΛಉ͡伴Ͱ҉߸Խ͢ΔͱຖճಉҰͷ҉ ߸จʹͳΔɻ • ϒϩοΫ௕ΑΓ௕͍σʔλΛ҉߸Խ͢Δ৔߹ʹ҉߸ϞʔυΛར༻ ͯ͠܁Γฦ͠Λආ͚Δɻ • CBCɿʮ(ฏจ XOR ϕΫτϧ) Λ҉߸ԽʯΛଓ͚Δ • CTRɿ ʮΧ΢ϯλʔΛ҉߸Խ XOR ฏจʯΛଓ͚Δ ࣮ࡍʹTLSͰར༻͢Δʹ͸վ͟Μݕ஌ͷͨΊͷMAC(ϝοηʔδೝূʣͱͷ૊Έ߹ΘͤΔ (AEAD)ɻAES-GCM͕ࠓͷओྲྀɻ ͜Ε·Ͱͷ ओྲྀ $IB$IB1PMZ͸ޙͰͨͬ΀Γͱઆ໌͠·͢ɻ
38. ೝূλά AEADʢೝূ෇͖҉߸) ҉߸Խ͠ͳ͍͚Ͳվ͟Μ w w w w w w w w w w w ๷ࢭ͕ඞཁͳσʔλ w w w w w w w w w ʢϔομ౳ʣ w w w w ҉߸Խ͢Δฏจ AEAD ҉߸Խ ҉߸จ ڞ௨伴 ॳظϕΫτϧ &ODSZQU5IFO."$ ҉߸Խͨ͠ޙͰϋογϡ஋Λऔಘ
39. AEADʢೝূ෇͖҉߸) ฏจ AEAD ෮߸Խ վ͟ΜνΣοΫ ҉߸Խ͠ͳ͍͚Ͳվ͟Μ๷ ࢭ͕ඞཁͳσʔλ ʢϔομ౳ʣ ҉߸จ ೝূλά ڞ௨伴 ॳظϕΫτϧ
40. GCM • GCM (Galois Counter Mode: ΨϩΞΧ΢ϯλʔ Ϟʔυʣ • CTRͱGHASHΛ૊Έ߹ΘͤͨAEAD • ϋʔυ΢ΣΞॲཧͰߴ଎Խ͕Մೳ • AESͱ૊Έ߹Θͤͯ AES-GCMͱͯ͠ར༻
41. Ұํ޲ϋογϡ σʔλ Ұํ޲ ϋογϡؔ਺ ϋογϡ஋ ϋογϡ஋Λൺֱ͢Δ͜ͱͰσʔλͷվ͟ΜΛνΣοΫ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ
42. ҉߸ֶతϋογϡ ɾݪ૾ܭࢉࠔ೉ੑ 1SFJNBHF
    3FTJTUBODF ɾୈ̎ݪ૾ܭࢉࠔ೉ੑ OE1SFJNBHF
    3FTJTUBODF ɾڧিಥ଱ੑ 4USPOH
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43. Ұํ޲ϋογϡ • md5 • SHA-1 • SHA-2(SHA-256ͳͲ6छ) • SHA-3(SHA3-256ͳͲ6छ) 2018೥͙Β͍ʹ͸ݱ࣮తͳίετ ͰিಥσʔλΛ୳ͤΔݟࠐΈ(*2) طʹݱ࣮తͳ߈ܸख๏͕ଘࡏ (*2) Cryptanalysis of SHA-1 https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2005/02/cryptanalysis_o.html (*1) how to Break MD5 and Other Hash Functions http://merlot.usc.edu/csac-f06/papers/Wang05a.pdf 8/5ʹNISTΑΓਖ਼ࣜެ։
44. "&"%Λࢥ͍ग़ͦ͏ ೝূλά ҉߸Խ͠ͳ͍͚Ͳվ͟Μ w w w w w w w w w w w ๷ࢭ͕ඞཁͳσʔλ w w w w w w w w w ʢϔομ౳ʣ w w w w ҉߸Խ͢Δฏจ AEAD ҉߸Խ ҉߸จ ڞ௨伴 ॳظϕΫτϧ ϋογϡ஋ͩʂ ($.
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46. ϝοηʔδೝূ(HMAC) • ࣄલʹڞ௨伴Λڞ༗ • ڞ௨伴ͱσʔλΛ૊Έ߹Θͤͨϋογϡ஋Λ࡞੒ • σʔλͷ׬શੑͱϋογϡ࡞੒ऀΛೝূ͢Δ σʔλ Ұํ޲ ϋογϡؔ਺ ϋογϡ஋ ڞ௨伴
47. ެ։伴҉߸ 512bit RSAͷةݥੑ FREAK https://freakattack.com/ • ղΛٻΊΔͷ͕ࠔ೉ͳ਺ֶత໰୊Λར༻ͯ͠҉߸Λੜ੒ɻ • ެ։伴ͱൿີ伴ͷϖΞΛੜ੒ɻެ։伴͸͞Βͯ͠େৎ෉ɻ • ެ։伴Ͱ҉߸Խ͠ൿີ伴Ͱ෮߸Խɻ • RSA ૉҼ਺෼ղ • ECC(ପԁۂઢ҉߸ʣପԁۂઢ্ͷ཭ࢄର਺໰୊ ެ։伴 ൿີ伴 ҉߸Խ ෮߸Խ
48. 伴ަ׵ • 2ऀؒͰ҆શʹ伴Λڞ༗͢Δ࢓૊Έ • ޓ͍ʹެ։伴Λަ׵͍͋͠ɺڞ༗伴Λੜ੒͢Δɻ • ௨৴ܦ࿏্Ͱڞ༗伴ͷ΍ΓऔΓ͕ͳ͍ɻ • DH (Diffie-Hellman) • ECDH(ପԁۂઢDH) ੬ऑੑɿDH Logjam https://weakdh.org/ ެ։伴 ެ։伴 ൿີ伴 ൿີ伴 Ұ࣌తͳ伴ަ׵͸& &QIFNFSBM ͷจࣈ͕෇͘ %)&
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56. TLSϋϯυγΣΠΫ ஫ɿෳࡶ͞Λආ͚ΔͨΊΫϥΠΞϯτೝূػೳͷઆ໌͸লུ͠·͢ɻ 5-4
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62. TLSϋϯυγΣΠΫ(full handshake) ClientHello ServerHello Certificate ServerKeyExchange ServerHelloDone ClientKeyExchange ChangeCipherSpec Finished ChangeCipherSpec Finished Application Data Application Data (੺จࣈ͸ϋϯυγΣΠΫʣ ClientHelloͱServerHelloͷ ΍ΓऔΓͰ૒ํ͕ར༻͢ΔTLS όʔδϣϯ΍҉߸ԽํࣜͳͲ Λ߹ҙ͢Δɻ ҉߸Խͨ͠ΞϓϦ௨৴Λ ߦ͏·Ͱ355ඞཁ
63. TLSϋϯυγΣΠΫ(resumption) ClientHello(session_id) ServerHello(session_id) ChangeCipherSpec Finished ChangeCipherSpec Finished Application Data Application Data (੺จࣈ͸ϋϯυγΣΠΫʣ SessionIDʹΑΔTLSηογϣ ϯͷ࠶։ɻ 伴ަ׵΍ূ໌ॻૹ෇ΛεΩοϓɻ ࠓճ͸ԋशͷର৅֎Ͱ͢ ҉߸Խͨ͠ΞϓϦ௨৴Λ ߦ͏·Ͱ355Ͱ͢Ή
64. TLSϋϯυγΣΠΫͷҙຯ ClientHello/ServerHello/ServerHelloDone TLSͷͨΊͷ৘ใަ׵ όʔδϣϯɾཚ਺ɾ҉߸ํࣜɾ֦ு৘ใ Certificate ެ։伴৘ใͷૹ෇ ΤϯυϙΠϯτͷೝূ ClientKeyExchange/ServerKeyExchange ڞ༗伴ަ׵ ChangeCipherSpec ҉߸։࢝ͷ߹ਤ Finished ϋϯυγΣΠΫσʔλͷվ͟ΜνΣοΫ
65. TLS1.2ͷߏ଄ I P ϔ ο μ T C P ϔ ο μ TLS Record Layer (5όΠτ) λΠϓ ʢ̐छ ྨʣ (1byte) όʔδϣϯ (2byte) ௕͞ (2byte) Handshake (λΠϓ:0x16) msgλΠϓ ʢ̍̌छྨʣ ௕͞ ʢ3όΠτ௕ʣ ϋϯυγΣΠΫσʔλ Alert (λΠϓ:0x15) Ϩϕϧ ཧ༝ ChangeCipherSpec (λΠϓ:0x14) λΠϓ Application Data (λΠϓ:0x17) ҉߸Խ͞Εͨσʔλ msgλΠϓ ϋϯυγΣΠΫσʔλͷछྨ 0x00 HelloRequest 0x01 ClientHello 0x02 ServerHello 0x0b Certificate 0x0c ServerKeyExchange 0x0d CertificateRequest 0x0e ServerHelloDone 0x0f CertificateVerify 0x10 ClientKeyExchange 0x14 Finished TLS Record Layerσʔλʹ ଓ͍ͯɺ࣍ͷ̐छྨͷTLSσ ʔλͷ͍ͣΕ͔͕ଓ͘ɻ TLS Handshake͸ɺ͜ͷ ̍̌छྨʹ෼͔ΕΔɻ
66. 5-4ϋϯυγΣΠΫϑϨʔϜΛಡΉ Record Layer Handshake (ClientHello) type protocol version length (2byte) msg type length (3byte) client version random major minor major minor 0x16 0x03 0x03 0x00 0x45 0x01 0x00 0x00 0x41 0x03 0x03 32 byte όΠτ όΠτ ҉߸Խ͞Εͳ͍ ҉߸Խ͞ΕΔ
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68. ClientHello ClientHello ClientHelloͱServerHelloͷ ΍ΓऔΓͰ૒ํ͕ར༻͢ΔTLS όʔδϣϯ΍҉߸ԽํࣜͳͲ Λ߹ҙ͢Δɻ
69. ClientHello ߲໨ ཁૉ αΠζ ઌ಄ͷ௕͞৘ ใ client_version uint8 major, uint8 minor 2 N/A random uint32 gmt_unix_time, opaque random_bytes[28] 4 + 28 N/A session_id opaque SessionID <0..32> 1όΠτ෼ cipher_suites uint8 CipherSuite[2] <2..2^16-2> 2όΠτ෼ compression_ methods null(0) <1..2^8-1> 1όΠτ෼ extensions extension_type(65535), extension_data<0..2^16-1> <0..2^16-1> 2όΠτ෼ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 type σʔ λ௕ σʔλ type σʔ λ௕ σʔλ type σʔ λ௕ σʔλ Extension௕ Extensionsσʔλྫ
70. ClientHello Record Layer Handshake (ClientHello) type protocol version length (2byte ) msg type length (3byte) client version random sessi on id cipher suite comp ressi on Exte nsion majo r mino r major minor 0x16 0x03 0x03 ?? ?? 0x01 ?? ?? ?? 0x03 0x03 32 byte Մม Մม Մม Մม Version 0x03,0x00 = SSLv3 0x03,0x01= TLSv1.0 0x03,0x02=TLSv1.1 0x03,0x03=TLSv1.2 ΫϥΠΞϯτ͕ར༻Ͱ͖Δ ࠷ߴͷTLSόʔδϣϯΛࢦ ఆɺαʔό͕Ͳͷόʔδϣ ϯΛ࢖͏͔બ୒͢Δ
72. ServerHello ClientHello ServerHello (੺จࣈ͸ϋϯυγΣΠΫʣ ClientHelloͱServerHelloͷ ΍ΓऔΓͰ૒ํ͕ར༻͢ΔTLS όʔδϣϯ΍҉߸ԽํࣜͳͲ Λ߹ҙ͢Δɻ
73. ServerHello ߲໨ ཁૉ αΠζ ઌ಄ͷ௕͞৘ใ server_version uint8 major, uint8 minor 2 N/A random uint32 gmt_unix_time, opaque random_bytes[28] 4 + 28 N/A session_id opaque SessionID <0..32> 1 cipher_suite uint8 CipherSuite[2] 2 N/A compression_method null(0) 1 N/A extensions extension_type, extension_data<0..2^16-1> <0..2^16-1> 2όΠτ෼ Record Layer(5bytes) Handshake (ServerHello) type protocol version length (2bytes) msg type length (3byte) server version random 32bytes session id cipher suite 2bytes compression majo r minor major minor 0x16 0x03 0x03 ? + 4 0x01 ? 0x03 0x03 ? ௕͞1byte 0x00,0x9c ௕͞2bytes
75. Certificate ClientHello ServerHello Certificate (੺จࣈ͸ϋϯυγΣΠΫʣ
76. Certificate ߲໨ ཁૉ αΠζ certificate_list ASN.1Cert<2^24-1> <0..2^24-1> શূ໌ॻ௕ ূ໌ॻ#1௕ ূ໌ॻσʔλ#1 ূ໌ॻ#2௕ ূ໌ॻσʔλ#2 ෳ਺ͷূ໌ॻσʔλΛૹ෇ ࠷ॳ͸ඞͣαʔόূ໌ॻ 2ͭ໨Ҏ߱͸தؒূ໌ॻͳͲ
78. Perfect Forward Secrecy(PFS) • લํൿಗੑ • ηογϣϯຖʹҰ࣌తͳ伴Λ࢖͏ɻ • ϋϯυγΣΠΫΛؚΉશ҉߸σʔλΛऔಘ͞Ε͍ͯΔΑ͏ͳঢ় گͰ΋ɺকདྷతͳൿີ伴࿙ӮͳͲͷϦεΫʹରԠ͢Δɻ TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 Ephemeral:Ұ࣌తͳ 伴ަ׵ख๏
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80. ECDHEͷϋϯυγΣΠΫ ClientHello + elliptic_curves + ec_point_formats ServerHello + ec_point_formats Certificate ServerKeyExchange ServerHelloDone ClientKeyExchange ChangeCipherSpec Finished ChangeCipherSpec Finished Application Data (੺จࣈ͕௥Ճมߋ͞ΕΔͱ͜Ζʣ ClientHello֦ுΛ௥Ճ ServerHello֦ுΛ௥Ճ ପԁۂઢ໊ͱServer ͷެ։伴Λॺ໊෇͖ Ͱૹ෇ Clientͷެ։伴Λૹ෇ ପԁ఺ͷॻࣜΛ߹ҙ ࢖͑Δପԁۂઢ໊ͱପԁ఺ॻࣜΛ௨஌ TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 ެ։伴͸ຖճϥϯμϜʹੜ੒͞Ε·͢
81. ECDHE ClientHello֦ு ΫϥΠΞϯτ͕αϙʔτ͍ͯ͠ΔପԁۂઢͷϦετΛαʔόଆʹ௨஌ɻαʔό͸ Ϧετͷத͔Βద੾ͳପԁۂઢΛબͼ ServerKeyExchange಺Ͱબ୒ͨ͠ପԁ ۂઢΛ௨஌͢Δ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 elliptic_curves(10) Ϧετ௕ σʔλ௕ secp256r1 (23) 0x00 0x0a 0x00 0x04 0x00 0x02 0x00 0x17
82. ECDHE Client/Server Hello֦ு ପԁ҉߸ͷެ։伴ͷॻࣜ 0 1 2 3 4 5 ec_point_formats(11) Ϧετ௕ σʔλ௕ uncompressed(0) 0x00 0x0b 0x00 0x02 0x01 0x00
83. ServerKeyExchange ClientHello ServerHello Certificate ServerKeyExchange (੺จࣈ͸ϋϯυγΣΠΫʣ
84. ECDHE ServerKeyExchange ServerECDHParams Signature ECParameters ECPoint algorithm signature curve_type named_curve ௕ ͞ public key (Hello֦ுࢦఆͷॻࣜʣ RSA-SHA256 (0x04,0x01) named_curve (3) secp256r1 (23) signature = sign(algorithm, ClientHello.random + ServerHello.random + ServerECDHParams); RSAൿີ伴ͰServerECDHParmsͱRandomΛॺ໊
86. ServerHelloDone ClientHello ServerHello Certificate ServerKeyExchange ServerHelloDone (੺จࣈ͸ϋϯυγΣΠΫʣ
87. ServerHelloDone handshake type handshake௕ 0x0e 0x00 0x00 0x00 ServerHelloͷऴྃͷ߹ਤ ϋϯυγΣΠΫϔομͷΈ ͜͜Ͱ4FSWFS)FMMP͔Βଓ͘Ұ࿈ͷϋϯυγΣΠ Ϋͷલ൒͕ऴྃͨ͜͠ͱΛࠂ͛Δ߹ਤ
89. TLSϋϯυγΣΠΫ(full handshake) ClientHello ServerHello Certificate ServerKeyExchange ServerHelloDone ClientKeyExchange (੺จࣈ͸ϋϯυγΣΠΫʣ
90. ECDHE ClientKeyExchange ClientECDHParams ECPoint ௕͞ public key (Hello֦ுࢦఆͷॻࣜʣ ClientKeyExchange͸ॺ ໊ͷඞཁ͸ͳ͍
92. ࣭໰ɿ ECDHEެ։伴ͷकΒΕํͷҧ͍ • ServerKeyExchange: ެ։伴Λॺ໊ • ClientKeyExchange: ΍Γ͍ͨ์୊ Ͳ͏ͯ͠Ͱ͠ΐ͏ʁ
93. PreMasterSecret/MasterSecret • TLSͰར༻͢ΔIV(ॳظϕΫτϧ)ɺڞ༗伴ɺMAC伴ͷσʔλݩ • MasterSecret͸48όΠτ௕ɻPreMasterSecretͷ௕͞͸伴ަ׵ํࣜʹґ ଘ͢Δɻ • MasterSecret͸ɺPreMasterSecretɺClientRandomɺ ServerRandomɺݻఆϥϕϧ͔Βੜ੒͢Δɻ • Clinet/ServerRandom͸શؙͯݟ͑ɻPreMasterSecret͸ɺඞͣࢮक͠ ͯकΒͳ͍ͱ͍͚ͳ͍ɻ͜Ε͕࿙͍͑͢ΔͱTLSͷ҆શੑ͸શ͓ͯ͡ΌΜɻ 'SFBL-PHKBN
95. ChangeCipherSpec Client->Server ClientHello ServerHello Certificate ServerKeyExchange ServerHelloDone ClientKeyExchange ChangeCipherSpec (੺จࣈ͸ϋϯυγΣΠΫʣ
96. ChangeCipherSpec ૹ৴ݩ͕҉߸։࢝Λએݴɻ͜ΕΛૹ৴ͨ͠ޙ͸҉߸ ௨৴Λߦ͏ɻ Record Layer ChangeCipherSpec ContentTy pe Version length (2byte) major minor 0x14 0x03 0x03 0x00 0x01 0x01
98. TLSϋϯυγΣΠΫ(full handshake) ClientHello ServerHello Certificate ServerKeyExchange ServerHelloDone ClientKeyExchange ChangeCipherSpec Finished (੺จࣈ͸ϋϯυγΣΠΫʣ
99. Finished struct { opaque verify_data[verify_data_length]; } Finished; verify_data = PRF(master_secret, finished_label, Hash(handshake_messages))[0..11]; finished_label: ΫϥΠΞϯτ͸ɺ"client finished"ɺαʔό͸"server finished" 12όΠτݻఆ ͜Ε·ͰͷϋϯυγΣΠΫσʔλʢͨ ͩࣗ͠෼͸আ͘ʣͷϋογϡΛܭࢉ TLS1.2Ͱ͸ SHA256Λ࢖͏ FinishedΛड৴͢Δͱɺ͜Ε·Ͱૹड৴ͨ͠ϋϯυγΣΠΫσʔλ͔Βܭࢉͨ͠஋ͱൺֱɻ ϋϯυγΣΠΫσʔλ͕վ͟Μ͞Εͯͳ͍͜ͱΛ֬ೝ͢Δɻ
101. ChangeCipherSpec Server -> Client ClientHello ServerHello Certificate ServerKeyExchange ServerHelloDone ClientKeyExchange ChangeCipherSpec Finished ChangeCipherSpec (੺จࣈ͸ϋϯυγΣΠΫʣ
103. ServerFinished ClientHello ServerHello Certificate ServerKeyExchange ServerHelloDone ClientKeyExchange ChangeCipherSpec Finished ChangeCipherSpec Finished (੺จࣈ͸ϋϯυγΣΠΫʣ
105. Application Data ClientHello ServerHello Certificate ServerKeyExchange ServerHelloDone ClientKeyExchange ChangeCipherSpec Finished ChangeCipherSpec Finished Application Data (੺จࣈ͸ϋϯυγΣΠΫʣ
107. ԋश
     5-4
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108. ԋश
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109. $IB$IB1PMZ ೥݄̒ʹ࢓༷Խ׬ྃ 3'$ ͨ͠
     5-4ͷ৽͍͠҉߸ํࣜ ࢲ͸҉߸ઐ໳ՈͰ͸ͳ͍ͷͰ҆ શੑͷ͓࿩͸εΩοϓ͠·͢ɻ
110. $IB$IB1PMZ w $IB$IB
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111.  1PMZ࿦จൃද ࠷ऴ൛  $IB$IB࿦จൃද ࠷ऴ൛  4BMTB͕F4USFBNͷ'JOBMJTUʹબఆ  $IB$IBΛ࢖ͬͨ#-",&͕4)"ͷ࠷ऴީิʹબఆ  ESBGUBHMUMTDIBDIBQPMZ
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112. "&4ͱ$IB$IBͷൺֱ "&4 $IB$IB ํࣜ ϒϩοΫ CJUT
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113. 2VBSUFS3PVOE B
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114. ՝୊ɾԋश TVEP
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115. B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D όΠτY ྻϥ΢ϯυ ର֯ϥ΢ϯυ 2VBSUFS3PVOE όΠτ όΠτ όΠτ όΠτ छྨͷ$IB$IBϥ΢ϯυ ԋश
116. 
     
     
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117. $IB$IB
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118. $IB$IB
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119. ԋश $IB$IB
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120. $IB$IB
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121. 伴ɾ/PODF
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122. ԋश $IB$IB
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123. 1PMZ ͪ͜Β͸গʑ೉͍͠ͷͰઆ໌͕ओͰ͢
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130. ԋश 1PMZ
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134. ԋश 1PMZ
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