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May 28, 2014
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Meetup Docker 101
A gentle introduction to Docker
ubermuda
May 28, 2014
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Transcript
Docker 101 Geoffrey Bachelet –@ubermuda
Who's talking? • Geoffrey Bachelet • Stage1.io : continuous staging
• Gustave.io : interactive staging • Freelance Developer / Trainer @ubermuda
Container Engine? Based on the Linux kernel's LXC instructions Processes
and resources isolation "chroot" on steroids / super lightweight VMs
Host OS Hypervisor Guest OS Guest OS Guest OS Guest
OS App App App App Host OS Docker + LXC App App App App VMs vs Containers
VMs vs Containers LXC / Jails / Zones / etc
Uses the host's kernel Boots in seconds 0 overhead (almost) Easy to pass around Hypervisor Boots a complete OS Boots in minutes Guest OS' overhead Several Go images
Image vs Container
credit: http:/ /docs.docker.io/en/latest/terms/image/ Image
Container credit: http:/ /docs.docker.io/en/latest/terms/image/
Create a container
$ docker run -‐i -‐t stackbrew/ubuntu /bin/bash ! root@21d86a0b8387:/#
Commit the container
root@21d86a0b8387:/# apt-‐get install nginx root@21d86a0b8387:/# exit ! $
docker ps -‐q -‐n 1 21d86a0b8387 ! $ docker commit 21d86a0b8387 sflive/nginx 240198b750c3cc950c60005d6d24cae4fc2dbcc6c31e274574af68d4a2e8 ! $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID sflive/nginx latest 240198b750c3
root@21d86a0b8387:/# apt-‐get install nginx root@21d86a0b8387:/# exit ! $
docker ps -‐q -‐n 1 21d86a0b8387 ! $ docker commit 21d86a0b8387 sflive/nginx 240198b750c3cc950c60005d6d24cae4fc2dbcc6c31e274574af68d4a2e8 ! $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID sflive/nginx latest 240198b750c3
root@21d86a0b8387:/# apt-‐get install nginx root@21d86a0b8387:/# exit ! $
docker ps -‐q -‐n 1 21d86a0b8387 ! $ docker commit 21d86a0b8387 sflive/nginx 240198b750c3cc950c60005d6d24cae4fc2dbcc6c31e274574af68d4a2e8 ! $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID sflive/nginx latest 240198b750c3
root@21d86a0b8387:/# apt-‐get install nginx root@21d86a0b8387:/# exit ! $
docker ps -‐q -‐n 1 21d86a0b8387 ! $ docker commit 21d86a0b8387 sflive/nginx 240198b750c3cc950c60005d6d24cae4fc2dbcc6c31e274574af68d4a2e8 ! $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID sflive/nginx latest 240198b750c3
Run the image
$ docker run -‐p 80 sflive/nginx nginx -‐g 'daemon off;'
$ docker run -‐p 80 sflive/nginx nginx -‐g 'daemon off;'
$ docker run -‐p 80 sflive/nginx nginx -‐g 'daemon off;'
$ docker run -‐p 80 sflive/nginx nginx -‐g 'daemon off;'
$ docker run -‐p 80 sflive/nginx nginx -‐g 'daemon off;'
$ docker run -‐p 80 sflive/nginx nginx -‐g 'daemon off;'
$ docker ps CONTAINER ID ... PORTS
923cb190dbc3 ... 0.0.0.0:49155-‐>80/tcp ! $ curl http://localhost:49155 <html> <head> <title>Welcome to nginx!</title> ...
$ docker ps CONTAINER ID ... PORTS
923cb190dbc3 ... 0.0.0.0:49155-‐>80/tcp ! $ curl http://localhost:49155 <html> <head> <title>Welcome to nginx!</title> ...
Dockerfile
credit: http:/ /docs.docker.io/en/latest/terms/image/
FROM stackbrew/ubuntu ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive RUN apt-‐get install
-‐y nginx ADD nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf EXPOSE 80 VOLUME ["/var/www"] CMD ["-‐g", "daemon off;"] ENTRYPOINT ["nginx"]
FROM stackbrew/ubuntu ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive RUN apt-‐get install
-‐y nginx ADD nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf EXPOSE 80 VOLUME ["/var/www"] CMD ["-‐g", "daemon off;"] ENTRYPOINT ["nginx"]
FROM stackbrew/ubuntu ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive RUN apt-‐get install
-‐y nginx ADD nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf EXPOSE 80 VOLUME ["/var/www"] CMD ["-‐g", "daemon off;"] ENTRYPOINT ["nginx"]
FROM stackbrew/ubuntu ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive RUN apt-‐get install
-‐y nginx ADD nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf EXPOSE 80 VOLUME ["/var/www"] CMD ["-‐g", "daemon off;"] ENTRYPOINT ["nginx"]
FROM stackbrew/ubuntu ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive RUN apt-‐get install
-‐y nginx ADD nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf EXPOSE 80 VOLUME ["/var/www"] CMD ["-‐g", "daemon off;"] ENTRYPOINT ["nginx"]
FROM stackbrew/ubuntu ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive RUN apt-‐get install
-‐y nginx ADD nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf EXPOSE 80 VOLUME ["/var/www"] CMD ["-‐g", "daemon off;"] ENTRYPOINT ["nginx"]
FROM stackbrew/ubuntu ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive RUN apt-‐get install
-‐y nginx ADD nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf EXPOSE 80 VOLUME ["/var/www"] CMD ["-‐g", "daemon off;"] ENTRYPOINT ["nginx"]
FROM stackbrew/ubuntu ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive RUN apt-‐get install
-‐y nginx ADD nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf EXPOSE 80 VOLUME ["/var/www"] CMD ["-‐g", "daemon off;"] ENTRYPOINT ["nginx"]
FROM stackbrew/ubuntu ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive RUN apt-‐get install
-‐y nginx ADD nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf EXPOSE 80 VOLUME ["/var/www"] CMD ["-‐g", "daemon off;"] ENTRYPOINT ["nginx"]
Features
• Docker CLI • run -d, attach, wait, ps, images,
rm, rmi, etc • Networking • Ambassador, advanced routing, etc • Volumes • Data containers, bindmounting, etc • Docker Index • thousands of ready-made images • Docker Registry • private Docker Index • Remote API • dockerode, Docker-PHP, etc
Docker CLI • run [-‐d] : execute a container •
attach : attach stdout • ps : list running containers • images : list existing images • rm / rmi : delete containers / images
Networking Link containers together Easy service discovery Ambassador pattern (service
portability)
Volumes Like NFS for docker (except it works) Store data
in data containers Easily backup data containers
Docker Index + Registry Thousands of ready-made images Private registry
Docker Remote API Rest(-ish) HTTP API for Docker ! Third
party client libraries: dockerode, Docker-php, etc
Orchestration
Host OS THE INTERNET container nginx mysql php5-fpm
Host OS THE INTERNET nginx mysql php5-fpm /var/www /var/lib/mysql
Not built-in Lots of third-party tools ! maestro-ng, Fig, Gaudi,
etc.
Pets vs Cattle
Use cases
Dev. environments Continuous integration Continuous deployment 0 downtime deployment Private
PaaS
Thanks! https://speackerdeck.com/ubermuda/meetup-docker-101 Geoffrey Bachelet – @ubermuda
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![Docker CLI • run [-‐d] : execute a container •](https://files.speakerdeck.com/presentations/cb6e3c50c89f0131ed131ef0c998e3ec/slide_37.jpg){kind=link}
