VM時代からコンテナ時代へストレージ管理の移り変わり

7.࣌୅͔Βίϯςφ࣌୅΁ ετϨʔδ؅ཧͷҠΓมΘΓ :VLJOPSJ4BLBTIJUB

ࣗݾ঺հ ‣ٕज़ݚڀΤϦΞ ӡ༻؅ཧٕज़ Ϋϥ΢υ αʔόετϨʔδ ࣗಈࣗ཯ίϯϐϡʔςΟϯά
"*.- // ).. #BZFTJBO/FUXPSL ‣৬ྺ ೔ཱ੡࡞ॴ 㾎தԝݚڀॴԣ඿ݚڀॴ ओ೚ݚڀһ 㾎ւ֎ݚڀॴ!γϦίϯόϨʔ ϥϘ௕ αʔόϕϯμʔ ςΫχΧϧ4& 2 ࡔԼ޾ಙ ത࢜ :VLJOPSJ4BLBTIJUB 1I% ‣ ϠϑʔגࣜձࣾθοτϥϘגࣜձࣾ ‣ 4/*"೔ຊࢧ෦ٕज़ҕһձ෭ҕһ௕ ‣ 4/*"5FDIOJDBM$PVODJM"EWJTPS

"HFOEB ͸͡Ίʹ ίϯςφԽ͞ΕͨεςʔτϑϧΞϓϦͷීٴঢ়گ ετϨʔδͱεςʔτϑϧΞϓϦͷӡ༻ ϕΞϝλϧɾίϯςφɾ7.ͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ
ίϯςφɾ,VCFSOFUFTͷετϨʔδಈ޲ ·ͱΊ 3

7.࣌୅ͷεςʔτϑϧΞϓϦ ‣ ೥7.XBSFW4QIFSF͕ϦϦʔεɺҰؾʹ7.ར༻͕Ճ଎ ‣ ͔͠͠ɺ౰࣌ʮ7.ͰεςʔτϑϧΞϓϦ %# Λಈ͔͢ͳΜͯ༗Γಘͳ͍ʯ ͱͷίϝϯτ͕ଟ͔ͬͨ ੑೳ໰୊ɺ7.΁ͷཧղෆ଍ɺࣄྫͷগͳ͞ɺ෩ධ౳
‣ ೥ڧ͕ա͗ͨ೥ͷঢ়گ ‣ 7.ͰεςʔτϑϧΞϓϦ͕࢖͑ͳ͍ͱ͍͏ਓ͸ɺ΄΅ډͳ͘ͳͬͨ 7.PSϕΞϝλϧͷબ୒ࢶ͕ੜ·ΕͨͱݟΔਓ͕ଟ͍ 4

ίϯςφ࣌୅ͷεςʔτϑϧΞϓϦ ‣ ೥ࠒ͔Βίϯςφ͕ීٴ͠ɺ೥ʑਐԽ͢Δ$MPVE/BUJWF ίϯςφ࣌୅ ‣ ʮίϯςφͰεςʔτϑϧΞϓϦΛಈ͔͢ͳΜͯ༗Γಘͳ͍ʯ ʮίϯςφ͸εςʔτϑϧΞϓϦ͕ۤखʯͱࢥ͍ࠐΜͰ͍Δਓ͕ɺҙ֎ͱଟ͍
ੑೳ ӡ༻͕೉͍͠ ࣄྫ͕গͳ͍ ෩ධ ‣ ʮίϯςφ͸εςʔτϑϧΞϓϦ͕ۤखʯͬͯϗϯτʁ ‣ Ҏ߱ɺ7.ͱൺ΂ͳ͕Βʮίϯςφ͸εςʔϑϧΞϓϦ͕ۤखʯͳͷ͔Λਂ۷Γ 5

ίϯςφԽ͞Εͨ εςʔτϑϧΞϓϦͷීٴঢ়گ

εςʔτϑϧΞϓϦͷීٴঢ়گ 7 ग़య$/$'4637&: IUUQTXXXDODGJPXQDPOUFOUVQMPBET$/$'@4VSWFZ@3FQPSU@QEG ‣ ίϯςφʹ͓͚ΔεςʔτϑϧΞϓϦ͸طʹ͕ϓϩμΫγϣϯར༻ ‣ ίϯςφ͕εςʔτϑϧΞϓϦ͕ۤखͱ͍͏࣌୅͸ऴΘͬͨ 88

ίϯςφରԠͷεςʔτϑϧΞϓϦ ‣ .Z42- 1PTUHSF42- $BTTBOESB .POHP%#ͳͲଟ͘ͷεςʔτϑϧΞϓϦ͸ طʹίϯςφʹରԠ ‣ ,VCFSOFUFTͷϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛ׆༻͠ӡ༻
ࣗಈԽΛ໨ࢦ͢ΦϖϨʔλ ͷαΠτ 0QFSBUPS)VCJP ʹ΋ εςʔτϑϧΞϓϦ͕ଟ͘ొ࿥ 8 $BUFHPSJFT /VNCFSPG*UFNT "*.BDIJOF-FBSOJOH "QQMJDBUJPO3VOUJNF #JH%BUB $MPVE1SPWJEFS %BUBCBTF %FWFMPQFS5PPMT %SJWFSTBOEQMVHJOT *OUFHSBUJPO%FMJWFSZ -PHHJOH5SBDJOH .POJUPSJOH /FUXPSLJOH 0QFO4IJGU0QUJPOBM 4FDVSJUZ 4UPSBHF 4USFBNJOH.FTTBHJOH 0QFSBUSP)VCJPͷొ࿥਺ ࣌఺ ΦϖʔϨʔλʹ͍ͭͯ͸ɺޙ΄Ͳ঺հ

ࣄྫͷଟ͞ ‣ εςʔτϑϧΞϓϦΛ7.΍ίϯςφ޲͚ʹηοτΞοϓ͢Δࡍɺ ·ͣ͸ݕࡧͯ͠ࣄྫΛ୳͢ਓ͸ଟ͍ ‣ ܭଌ͸͓ͯ͠Βͣݸਓͷҹ৅Ͱ͕͢ ࣄྫͷଟ͞ 7.ίϯςφ
‣ ೔ຊͷࣄྫ΋ग़࢝Ί͍ͯΔ͕ɺ·ͩ·ͩ7.ʹ͸ٴ͹ͣ ೥࣌఺ 9

ετϨʔδͱ εςʔτϑϧΞϓϦͷӡ༻

,VCFSOFUFTͷετϨʔδϞσϧ ‣ ϕϯμʔχϡʔτϥϧͳϞσϧ 1FSTJTUFOU7PMVNF$MBJN 1FSTJTUFOU7PMVNF 4UPSBHF$MBTT ‣
؅ཧऀͱϢʔβͷ໾ׂΛߟྀͨ͠Ϟσϧ ‣ ετϨʔδ૷ஔͷૢ࡞ͳ͠Ͱ7PMVNFΛ ίϯςφʹࣗಈͰϚ΢ϯτ ‣ ओʹϒϩοΫετϨʔδϑΝΠϧ ετϨʔδ͕ର৅ 11 Ϣʔβ ؅ཧऀ

,VCFSOFUFTͰͷ7PMϚ΢ϯτ 12 ʜ TQFD DPOUBJOFST OBNFNZTRM JNBHFNZTRM ʜ WPMVNF.PVOUT OBNFNZTRMEBUB
NPVOU1BUIWBSMJCNZTRM WPMVNF$MBJN5FNQMBUFT NFUBEBUB OBNFNZTRMEBUB TQFD BDDFTT.PEFT<3FBE8SJUF0ODF> TUPSBHF$MBTT/BNFHPME SFTPVSDFT SFRVFTUT TUPSBHF(J %FQMPZ

NPVOU1BUIWBSMJCNZTRM WPMVNF$MBJN5FNQMBUFT NFUBEBUB OBNFNZTRMEBUB TQFD BDDFTT.PEFT<3FBE8SJUF0ODF> TUPSBHF$MBTT/BNFHPME SFTPVSDFT SFRVFTUT TUPSBHF(J $SFBUF17$

NPVOU1BUIWBSMJCNZTRM WPMVNF$MBJN5FNQMBUFT NFUBEBUB OBNFNZTRMEBUB TQFD BDDFTT.PEFT<3FBE8SJUF0ODF> TUPSBHF$MBTT/BNFHPME SFTPVSDFT SFRVFTUT TUPSBHF(J 4FMFDU4$

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NPVOU1BUIWBSMJCNZTRM WPMVNF$MBJN5FNQMBUFT NFUBEBUB OBNFNZTRMEBUB TQFD BDDFTT.PEFT<3FBE8SJUF0ODF> TUPSBHF$MBTT/BNFHPME SFTPVSDFT SFRVFTUT TUPSBHF(J Storage OS "TTJHO $SFBUF 17

NPVOU1BUIWBSMJCNZTRM WPMVNF$MBJN5FNQMBUFT NFUBEBUB OBNFNZTRMEBUB TQFD BDDFTT.PEFT<3FBE8SJUF0ODF> TUPSBHF$MBTT/BNFHPME SFTPVSDFT SFRVFTUT TUPSBHF(J Storage OS Container Runtime Container .PVOU ɹ17

7PM࡞੒͔ΒϚ΢ϯτ·Ͱͷൺֱ ‣ 7.ɿ7PM࡞੒ɺ7.΁ׂΓ౰ͯɺϚ΢ϯτΛ࣮ߦ ‣ ,VCFSOFUFT7PM࡞੒͔ΒΞϓϦͷσΟϨΫτϦ΁ͷϚ΢ϯτ·ͰΛҰׅ࣮ߦ 18 ʜ TQFD DPOUBJOFST OBNFNZTRM
JNBHFNZTRM ʜ WPMVNF.PVOUT OBNFNZTRMEBUB NPVOU1BUIWBSMJCNZTRM WPMVNF$MBJN5FNQMBUFT NFUBEBUB OBNFNZTRMEBUB TQFD BDDFTT.PEFT<3FBE8SJUF0ODF> TUPSBHF$MBTT/BNFHPME SFTPVSDFT SFRVFTUT TUPSBHF(J Storage OS Container Runtime (App) Container Storage HV VM App $JOEFS $4*

εςʔτϑϧΞϓϦͷӡ༻ ‣ 7.ɾ,VCFSOFUFTڞʹΞϓϦʹ7PMVNFΛׂΓ౰ͯΔ·Ͱ ‣ εςʔτϑϧΞϓϦͰ͸7.ɾίϯςφ ,VCFSOFUFT ʹؔΘΒͣ 7PMVNFΛׂΓ౰ͯΔҎ֎ʹ΋ߟ͑ΔϙΠϯτ͋Γ γϟοτμ΢ϯ͢ΔલʹΩϟογϡ্ͷσʔλΛετϨʔδ΁
ॻ͖ग़ͨ͢Ίʹ4ZOD 'MVTI ͕ඞཁ εςʔτϑϧΞϓϦʹΑͬͯ͸εέʔϧΞ΢τ΍όʔδϣϯΞοϓ࣌ʹɺ σʔλಉظ΍ϦετΞͷૢ࡞͕ඞཁ 19 ☝σʔλΛ࣋ͨͳ͍εςʔτϨεΞϓϦͰ͸ෆཁ

.Z42-ͷεέʔϧΞ΢τͷྲྀΕ 20 4PVSDF 3FQMJDB 4PVSDF ৽͍͠.Z42-ͷ1PEΛ࡞੒ /FX 4PVSDF
όοΫΞοϓΛऔಘ /FX #BDLVQ -PH1PTJUJPO 4PVSDF όοΫΞοϓΛΠϯϙʔτ /FX #BDLVQ -PH1PTJUJPO 4PVSDF 3FQMJDBͱͯ͠ىಈ 3FQMJDB ࢀরܥ42- ߋ৽ܥ42- .Z42-$MJFOUT .Z42-Ϛϧνߏ੒ εέʔϧΞ΢τ࣌ͷ3FQMJDB૿ઃεςοϓ 4UPSBHF

σʔλಉظͷࣗಈԽͷํ๏ 21 7. ,VCFSOFUFT ؅ཧऀͷ खಈ࣮ߦ εΫϦϓτʹ ΑΔࣗಈ࣮ߦ ΦϖϨʔλʹ ΑΔࣗಈ࣮ߦ
‣ 7.΍,VCFSNFUFTͰ͸εΫϦϓτͳͲΛ ࣮ߦ͠σʔλಉظΛߦ͏ͷ͕ϕʔγοΫͳ ΍Γํ˞ ‣ ,VCFSOFUFTͷΤίεεςϜͰ͸ 3FDPODJMJBUJPO-PPQΛ׆༻͠ӡ༻ࣗಈԽ Λ໨ࢦ͢ΦϖϨʔλ͕ଓʑͱొ৔த˞ 3FDPODJMJBUJPO -PPQ ؂ࢹ ࠩ෼நग़ ߋ৽ ˞IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPKBEPDTUBTLTSVOBQQMJDBUJPOSVOSFQMJDBUFETUBUFGVMBQQMJDBUJPO ˞IUUQTPQFSBUPSIVCJP දσʔλಉظॲཧͷ࣮ߦํ๏ $MPVE/BUJWFXBZ

$MPVE/BUJWFͳӡ༻ͱ͸ʁ 22 Ϋϥ΢υωΠςΟϒٕज़͸ɺύϒϦοΫΫϥ΢υɺϓϥΠϕʔτΫϥ΢υɺϋΠϒϦουΫϥ΢υͳͲͷ  ۙ୅తͰμΠφϛοΫͳ؀ڥʹ͓͍ͯɺεέʔϥϒϧͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛߏங͓Αͼ  ࣮ߦ͢ΔͨΊͷೳྗΛ૊৫ʹ΋ͨΒ͠·͢ɻ ͜ͷΞϓϩʔνͷ୅දྫʹɺίϯςφɺαʔϏεϝογϡɺϚΠΫϩαʔϏεɺ  ΠϛϡʔλϒϧΠϯϑϥετϥΫνϟɺ͓ΑͼએݴܕAPI͕͋Γ·͢ɻ ͜ΕΒͷख๏ʹΑΓɺճ෮ੑɺ؅ཧྗɺ͓ΑͼՄ؍ଌੑͷ͋Δૄ݁߹γεςϜ͕࣮ݱ͠·͢ɻ  ͜ΕΒΛݎ࿚ͳࣗಈԽͱ૊Έ߹ΘͤΔ͜ͱͰɺΤϯδχΞ͸ΠϯύΫτͷ͋ΔมߋΛ࠷খݶͷ࿑ྗͰ  සൟ͔ͭ༧ଌͲ͓Γʹߦ͏͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·͢ɻ
ग़య$/$'$MPVE/BUJWF%FpOJUJPOW

ϓϩηεͷՔಇ཰ .5#' ฏۉނোִؒ .553 ฏۉमཧ࣌ؒ Քಇ཰Քಇ࣌ؒͷ૯࿨શମ࣌ؒ.5#' .5#' .553
Քಇ࣌ؒ ఀࢭ࣌ؒ Քಇ࣌ؒ ఀࢭ ෼ Քಇ࣌ؒ ఀࢭ ෼ Քಇ࣌ؒ ఀࢭ ෼ ʜ Քಇ࣌ؒ ఀࢭ ෼ Քಇ࣌ؒ ఀࢭ ෼ ύλʔϯ೥ؒͷՔಇ཰ɹ .5#'࣌ؒ .553࣌ؒ ೥ؒ࣌ؒ ೔ ࣌ؒ ύλʔϯ೥ؒͷՔಇ཰ .5#'࣌ؒ .553࣌ؒ ෼ ‣ ίϯςφ΍,VCFSOFUFT͸.553Λ୹͘͢Δͷʹ༗ޮͳٕज़ ‣ ಉ͡Քಇ཰Ͱ΋ύλʔϯ͸͋Γ ఀࢭ࣌ؒ͸ো֐͚ͩͰͳ͘ εέʔϧมߋɾόʔδϣϯΞοϓͳͲͷܭըతͳఀࢭ΋ؚΉ

ϕΞϝλϧɾίϯςφɾ7.ͷ ΞʔΩςΫνϟ ετϨʔδؔ࿈

ίϯςφ޲͚ͷετϨʔδ͸ෳࡶʁ ‣ ίϯςφ޲͚ͷετϨʔδ͸Կ͔Α͘Θ͔Βͳ͍͚Ͳෳࡶ ‣ ίϯςφͰετϨʔδΛར༻͢Δͱੑೳ͕஗͍

ίϯςφ·ͰͷϘϦϡʔϜͷύε σΟϨΫτϦ σόΠε EFWTEC EFWTEB ֎෦ετϨʔδ ಺ଂσΟεΫ ίϯςφ NOUEBUB
WBSMJCLVCFMFUQPET1PEͷNFUBEBUBVJEWPMVNFTLVCFSOFUFTJPdDTJ17ͷNFUBEBUBOBNFNPVOU

ϕΞϝλϧɾίϯςφɾ7.ͷൺֱ ϕΞϝλϧ 7. Ծ૝σΟεΫ 7. ύεεϧʔ ίϯςφ ,VCFSOFUFT %FWJDF'JMF 'JMF4ZTUFN
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%SJWFS J4$4*ͳͲ ͷ࣮ߦՕॴ ‣ ϕΞϝλϧͱίϯςφ͸αʔό /PEF ্Ͱ%SJWFS͕ಈ࡞ ‣ 7.Ͱ͸7.্ͷ04ʹͯ%SJWFS͕ಈ࡞
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ίϯςφͷੑೳʹؔ͢Δࢀߟ࿦จ ‣ *#."VTUJO3FTFBSDI-BCPSBUPSZͷ 8FT'FMUFS "MFYBOESF'FSSFJSB 3BN3BKBNPOZ +VBO3VCJP͕ൃද ‣ l"O6QEBUFE1FSGPSNBODF$PNQBSJTPOPG7JSUVBM
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ίϯςφ޲͚ͷετϨʔδ͸ෳࡶʁ ‣ ίϯςφ޲͚ͷετϨʔδ͸Կ͔Α͘Θ͔Βͳ͍͚Ͳෳࡶ ‣ ϕΞϝλϧΑΓएׯෳࡶ͕ͩɺ7.ΑΓ୯७ ‣ ίϯςφͰετϨʔδΛར༻͢Δͱੑೳ͕஗͍ ‣ ϕΞϝλϧͱ΄΅มΘΒͣɻૉ௚ͳੑೳ

ίϯςφɾ,VCFSOFUFTͷ ετϨʔδಈ޲

ಈ޲ 33 ‣ *P5ͳͲͷ&EHF؀ڥ޲͚ʹ,VCFSOFUFT/BUJWF4UPSBHFͷීٴ FH-POHIPSOW ,4ରԠ BSN ` 0QFO&#4W BSNରԠ
` ‣ /7.FP'΍1FSTJTUFOU.FNPSZͳͲετϨʔδͷ৽ϓϩτίϧ΍৽σόΠεʹ ରԠͨ͠$4*%SJWFSͷ֦ॆ FH0QFO&#4W /7.FP'αϙʔτ ` *OUFMQNFNDTJ ίΞػೳ͸ϓϩμΫγϣϯϨσΟ ` ‣ ΦϒδΣΫτετϨʔδͷίϯςφ޲͚ඪ४*' $04* ͷొ৔ FH,VCFSOFUFTW "MQIBαϙʔτ༧ఆ ` ‣ $4*ʹͯετϨʔδͷϔϧεϞχλ͕ڧԽˠࣗಈ෮چ΁ FH$4*W ` ʹ)FBMUI.POJUPS͕ొ৔ ,VCFSOFUFTWʹͯ#FUBαϙʔτ ` ຊػೳ͸ো֐ͷࣗಈ෮چ΁ͷ෍ੴ ‣ ΞϓϦͱ࿈ܞͨ͠όοΫΞοϓͷڧԽ FH,VCFSOFUFTίϛϡχςΟXHEBUBQSPUFDUJPO `ઃཱ ʹͯ ΞϓϦͷ੩ࢭԽ 8SJUFఀࢭ ˠ4ZODˠ 4OBQTIPUˠ0CKFDU4UPSBHF΁ͷόοΫΞοϓ·ͰͷҰ࿈ͷૢ࡞Λ.BOJGFTUͰఆٛͰ͖Δ͜ͱΛ໨ࢦ͠ݕ౼த

·ͱΊ 34 ‣ ɹʮίϯςφ͸εςʔτϑϧΞϓϦ͕ۤखʯ 7.ɾίϯςφʹؔΘΒͣεςʔτϨεΞϓϦʹൺ΂εςʔτϑϧΞϓϦ͸େม σʔλಉظͳͲ 7.ͱൺ΂ίϯςφͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ͸γϯϓϧ
‣ ɹʮίϯςφͷεςʔτϑϧΞϓϦ͸7.ʹൺ΂େมʯ ‣ ɹʮεςʔτϑϧΞϓϦ͸εςʔτϨεΞϓϦʹൺ΂େมʯ ‣ $MPVE/BUJWFͳࣗಈԽ͞Εͨӡ༻Λ໨ࢦ͢ͷͰ͋Ε͹7.ΑΓ΋ίϯςφ͸ ΤίγεςϜͷ੒௕౓΍ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷ׆༻ʹ͠қ͕͞༗ར ‣ ίϯςφͰεςʔτϑϧΞϓϦΛಈ͔͢ͷ͸/(Ͱ͸ͳ͘ɺ ίϯςφͱ͍͏ୈࡾͷબ୒ࢶ͕ੜ·ΕͨͱݟΔͷ͕٢

෇࿥ετϨʔδ؅ཧʹ͓͚Δ7.ͱίϯςφͷൺֱ 7. ,VCFSOFUFTίϯςφ ࣄྫͷ๛෋͞ ར༻ऀ͔Βݟͨઃఆͷγϯϓϧ͞ ඪ४Խ*'ͷ༗ແ Ξοϓσʔτɾεέʔϧมߋͷ༰қ͞ ো֐෮چͷਝ଎͞ ؅ཧऀͷଐਓత࡞ۀͷഉআ σʔλಉظͷࣗಈखॱͷ։ൃྔͷগͳ͞˞
˞ ΞʔΩςΫνϟͷγϯϓϧ͞ ੑೳઃܭͷ༰қ͞ σʔλͷՄ༻ੑ ΞϓϦ࿈ܞͷ༰қ͞ ઐ༻"HFOUͳ͠Ͱ࿈ܞͷকདྷੑ͋Γ ࠓޙͷٕज़ͷൃల౓߹͍ ࢲݟ දεςʔτϑϧΞϓϦ޲͚ετϨʔδ؅ཧࢹ఺Ͱͷൺֱ ˞σʔλಉظͷඞཁͷͳ͍৔߹Ͱ͋Ε͹ɺߟྀ͠ͳͯ͘΋ྑ͍ FH/'4ͰͷϑΝΠϧڞ༗ͳͲ ˞0QFSBUPSԽ͞ΕͨεςʔτϑϧΞϓϦͰ͋Ε͹εΫϦϓτ౳ͷ։ൃ͸ඞཁͳ͍৔߹΋͋Γ

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