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Testing the build with TestKit

Testing the build with TestKit

Build code contributes to the success of a company to a large extent. It enables an organization to deliver their software to the end user fast, frequently and reliably. With Continuous Delivery becoming a standard practice throughout the industry and build logic increasing in complexity, a need arises to verify the logic powering these processes. Gradle provides powerful support for testing build code out-of-the-box. In this demo-driven session, we will discuss the ins and outs of TestKit, a Gradle core library that helps with functional testing of build logic.

In the course of this talk, we’ll touch on aspects such as:

– Setting up TestKit for a build
– Executing a build with a specific Gradle distribution
– Asserting expected build outcome and output
– Verifying proper runtime behavior of custom plugins and extensions
– Cross-version testing of builds
– Debugging test execution in the IDE

Benjamin Muschko

June 25, 2016
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  1. Writing unit tests in Gradle Class under test does not

    use Gradle API Test logic in isolation Testing a single class
  2. Example: Writing a unit test with Spock 
 package com.bmuschko.gradle.docker.tasks.image


    
 import spock.lang.Specification
 
 import static com.bmuschko.gradle.docker.tasks.image.Dockerfile.*
 
 class DockerfileTest extends Specification {
 def "Instruction String representation is built correctly"() {
 expect:
 instructionInstance.keyword == keyword
 instructionInstance.build() == builtInstruction 
 where:
 instructionInstance | keyword | builtInstruction
 new FromInstruction('ubuntu:14.04') | 'FROM' | 'FROM ubuntu:14.04'
 new FromInstruction({ 'ubuntu:14.04' }) | 'FROM' | 'FROM ubuntu:14.04'
 ...
 }
 }
  3. Writing integration tests in Gradle Class(es) under test use Gradle

    API Usually interacts with Project instance Does not execute a full build script
  4. Example: Writing an integration test using ProjectBuilder 
 import org.gradle.api.Project


    import org.gradle.testfixtures.ProjectBuilder class DockerJavaApplicationPluginIntegrationTest extends Specification {
 @Rule TemporaryFolder temporaryFolder = new TemporaryFolder()
 Project project
 
 def setup() {
 project = ProjectBuilder.builder().withProjectDir(temporaryFolder.root).build()
 }
 
 def "Creates tasks out-of-the-box when application plugin is applied"() {
 when:
 project.apply(plugin: DockerJavaApplicationPlugin)
 project.apply(plugin: 'application')
 
 then: project.tasks.findByName(DockerJavaApplicationPlugin .COPY_DIST_RESOURCES_TASK_NAME)
 project.tasks.findByName(DockerJavaApplicationPlugin.DOCKERFILE_TASK_NAME)
 project.tasks.findByName(DockerJavaApplicationPlugin.BUILD_IMAGE_TASK_NAME)
 project.tasks.findByName(DockerJavaApplicationPlugin.PUSH_IMAGE_TASK_NAME)
 }
 }
  5. Writing functional tests in Gradle Executes build script similar to

    end user Examines build outcome and output Isolated test environment
  6. Example: Writing a functional test with TestKit 
 def "can

    successfully create Dockerfile"() {
 given:
 buildFile << """
 import com.bmuschko.gradle.docker.tasks.image.Dockerfile
 
 task dockerfile(type: Dockerfile) {
 from 'ubuntu:14.04'
 maintainer 'Benjamin Muschko "[email protected]"'
 } """
 
 when:
 def result = GradleRunner.create()
 .withProjectDir(testProjectDir.root)
 .withArguments('dockerfile')
 .build()
 
 then:
 result.task(":dockerfile").outcome == SUCCESS testProjectDir.file('Dockerfile').exists()
 }
  7. What’s the Gradle TestKit? - Uses Tooling API as test

    execution harness - Agnostic of test framework - Assertions made based on build output, build logging or executed tasks + their result Functional testing support in Gradle core. Gradle 2.6
  8. TestKit usage Declaring TestKit dependency 
 dependencies {
 testCompile gradleTestKit()


    }
 Declaring dependency on test framework 
 dependencies {
 testCompile 'org.spockframework:spock-core:1.0-groovy-2.4'
 }
  9. Cross-version compatibility tests Forward and backward compatibility independent of Gradle

    version used to build logic. 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.3 2.2 Version used for writing build logic
  10. Specifying a Gradle version Using a Gradle version available on

    server Using a Gradle installation on disk Using a Gradle distribution via URL GradleRunner.withGradleVersion(String) GradleRunner.withGradleInstallation(File) GradleRunner.withGradleDistribution(URI)
  11. Testing a plugin - Tooling API runs in separate process

    - Does not share classpath and classloaders as test process - Requires injection of code under test Requires additional work!
  12. Simplifying setup with plugin development plugin - Declaration of gradleApi()

    and gradleTestKit() - Generates plugin classpath manifest file - Plugin classpath injection needs to be declared for GradleRunner instance explicitly Apply sensible default and conventions…
  13. Automatic injection of plugin code Applying the Java Gradle plugin

    dev. plugin 
 apply plugin: 'java-gradle-plugin' Injecting classpath into GradleRunner 
 GradleRunner.create()
 .withPluginClasspath()
 .build() Gradle 2.13
  14. Configurable conventions Source set containing code under test Source set

    used for injecting the plugin classpath Reconfigurable with the help of the class GradlePluginDevelopmentExtension sourceSets.main sourceSets.test
  15. Debugging test execution Setting system property for ad-hoc testing Enabling

    debugging programmatically -Dorg.gradle.testkit.debug=true GradleRunner.withDebug(true)
  16. Feature limitations Support for features determined by version of Tooling

    API used to execute test. More info: https:/ /docs.gradle.org/current/userguide/test_kit.html
  17. Future enhancements for TestKit - Convenience test fixtures - Hooking

    into IDE plugins - Integration with JaCoCo plugin More info: https://github.com/gradle/gradle/blob/master/ design-docs/testing-toolkit.md
  18. Introducing Gradle Cloud Services - Insights into your build -

    View and share via URL - Debug, optimize and refine - Analyze all of your builds Stop by the Gradle Lounge and create a Build Scan! The first service, Gradle Build Scans, is now available.
  19. Who Are We Motto: Build Happiness Mission: To revolutionize the

    way software is built and shipped. We exist to end once-and-for-all the worst things about big software and restore the reason you got into coding in the first place. We’re Hiring: Gradle is hiring front-end, back-end, and core software engineers. Visit gradle.org/jobs to apply