Maven: a forty five minute crash course

A look at how Maven, the Java project management tool, operates.

Transcript

1. MAV EN a forty five minute crash course
2. 1. definition
3. Maven is a build automation tool.
4. It’s built in Java and lives under the Apache umbrella, (∴ still new to Flex developers)
5. it promotes convention over configuration
6. and, it is hierarchical.
7. Everything builds via a Project Object Model (POM): aka the blueprint.
8. A build generates one or more artifacts. (Typically one artifact per POM)
9. Artifacts are classified by groupId, artifactId, packaging (type) and version.
10. Versions stamped with SNAPSHOT are treated as such.
11. Artifacts are filed away in repositories using: /[groupId]/[artifactId]/[version]/[artifactId]-[version].[ext] eg. /org/sonatype/flexmojos/4.0-SNAPSHOT/flexmojos-4.0-SNAPSHOT.swc
12. 2. building
13. A goal is a single action.
14. A phase is a collection of goals. [M:M]
15. A lifecycle is a sequence of phases (upto & including).
16. The odd couple: clean & install. > mvn clean install
17. The packaging (JAR, SWC, etc) typically defines the goals within each phase.
18. In general, the default lifecycle involves the following phases: ▪ validate ▪ compile ▪ test ▪ package ▪ integration-test ▪ verify ▪ install ▪ deploy
19. In addition, plugins provide goals and can bind them to phases. eg. > mvn compiler:compile compiler:testCompile
20. Plugins include compiler, install, scm, release, javadoc, eclipse, etc.
21. 3. dependencies
22. Dependencies are hosted in repositories.
23. Each install of Maven has a repository. (~/.m2 is your new best friend).
24. In order to add new dependencies to your repository, you can simply > mvn install:install-file
25. You add references to repositories either in your POM or in your settings.xml file.
26. When building, if a dependency is missing, Maven will try to download it from an upstream repository.
27. How are dependencies shared across repositories? Nexus.
28. Nexus allows an organisation to share artifacts both internally and externally.
29. It has out-of-the-box support for both snapshot and release repositories.
30. So, what about dependencies on teh internez?
31. Nexus will proxy to other external Nexus repositories.
32. If the dependency isn’t hosted - there’s a 3rd Party repo that you can upload into.
33. 4. configuration
34. In order to build multiple artifacts, create modules for each artifact and one parent POM.
35. Maven can also create IDE projects from the POM. (never check in a .project file or dependency again)
36. It also allows you to create archetypes as new project templates.
37. You can use profiles to customize the build. They can activate based on environment &/or set conditions.
38. 5. denouement
39. Maven can be hours of endless frustration, yet somehow it’s all worth it.
40. fin.