Swift Updates - Learn Languages 2025

Strict Concurrency Checkingを中心に、前回2021年からのSwiftのアップデートについて説明します。

Transcript

1. Swi$ Yuta Koshizawa @koher
2. 2021 : Swi) 5.5 2025 : Swi) 6.2
3. Swi$ 5.5ͰSwi$ ConcurrencyΛಋೖ Swi$ Concurrencyͱ͸ɺฒߦॲཧؔ࿈ͷػೳ܈
4. 4೥ؒͰ࠷େͷΞοϓσʔτ͸ Swi% 6ͷϦϦʔεʢ2024ʣ
5. Ұ൪Өڹ͕େ͖͔ͬͨͷ͸ Strict Concurrency Checking
6. σʔλڝ߹Λى͜͠ಘΔίʔυ ↓ ⛔ ίϯύΠϧΤϥʔ
7. ίϯύΠϧ͕௨Δ ↓ ✅ σʔλڝ߹͕ى͜Βͳ͍
8. Strict Concurrency Checking
9. Swi$ 6Ͱ͸ Pure Swi)ͰunsafeͳߏจΛ࢖Θͳ͚Ε͹ Swi)ͷίʔυ͸σʔλڝ߹Λى͜͞ͳ͍
10. σʔλڝ߹ͱ͸ʁ ෳ਺ͷεϨου͔Βಉ͡ϝϞϦྖҬʹಉ࣌ʹΞΫηε͠ɺগͳ͘ ͱ΋ͦͷҰ͕ͭॻ͖ࠐΈͰ͋Δͱ͖ʹى͜Δݱ৅
11. σʔλڝ߹͕ى͜Δͱ • ະఆٛಈ࡞ • σʔλෆ੔߹ • Ϋϥογϡ • …
12. σʔλڝ߹ʹΑΔόάʹ͸ରॲͮ͠Β͍ • ໰୊Λ࠶ݱ͢Δ͜ͱ͕ࠔ೉ • ݪҼ͕σʔλڝ߹Ͱ͋Δͱಥ͖ࢭΊΔͷ͕ࠔ೉ • ίʔυΛमਖ਼ͯ͠ղܾ͞Εͨ͜ͱͷ֬ೝ͕ࠔ೉
13. σʔλڝ߹Λػցతʹ๷ࢭͰ͖Δͱ͏Ε͍͠
14. ݪҼෆ໌ͷΫϥογϡͷ΄ͱΜͲ͕ σʔλڝ߹ʹΑͬͯҾ͖ى͜͞Ε͍ͯͨྫ΋
15. ίϯύΠϥ͕ͲͷΑ͏ʹͯ͠ σʔλڝ߹Λ๷͙ͷ͔
16. Swi$ίϯύΠϥ͸ ܕΛ࢖ͬͯσʔλڝ߹Λ๷͙
17. Swi$͸ܕΛݫ֨ʹѻ͏ݴޠ
18. 2014೥ͷϦϦʔε౰ॳ͔Βnull safetyΛ࣋ͭ let values = [2, 3, 5, 7] print(values.first + 1) // ⛔ ίϯύΠϧΤϥʔ
19. 2014೥ͷϦϦʔε౰ॳ͔Βnull safetyΛ࣋ͭ let values = [2, 3, 5, 7] if let first = values.first { print(first + 1) // ✅ OK: 3 }
20. ֤ݴޠͰͷ Op$onal / Nullable Type • Kotlin: String? • Python: str | None • TypeScript: string | null | undefined • ...
21. Swi$͕ܕΛ࢖ͬͯ σʔλڝ߹Λ๷͙ͷ͸Swi$Β͍͠
22. Ωʔϫʔυ͸ Isola&on Domain ͱ Sendable
23. Isola&on Domainͱ͸ • Swi%ͷϓϩάϥϜ͸ෳ਺ͷIsola+on Domainʹ෼ׂ͞ΕΔ • ͢΂ͯͷॲཧ͸͍ͣΕ͔ͷIsola+on Domain্Ͱ࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ • ҰͭͷIsola+on Domain্Ͱ͸ɺಉ࣌ʹҰͭͷॲཧ͔࣮͠ߦ͞Ε ͳ͍
24. ⚠ Isola'on Domain͸εϨουͰ͸ͳ͍ ్த·ͰεϨουAͰ࣮ߦ͞Ε ଓ͖͕εϨουBͰ࣮ߦ͞Εͯ΋ྑ͍
25. Isola&on Domainͱ͸ • Swi%ͷϓϩάϥϜʹ͸ෳ਺ͷIsola+on Domainʹ෼ׂ͞ΕΔ • ͢΂ͯͷॲཧ͸͍ͣΕ͔ͷIsola+on Domain্Ͱ࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ • ҰͭͷIsola+on Domain্Ͱ͸ɺಉ࣌ʹҰͭͷॲཧ͔࣮͠ߦ͞Ε ͳ͍
26. ͲͷΑ͏ͳσʔλ΋ ୯ҰͷIsola&on DomainͰѻ͍ͬͯΔݶΓ σʔλڝ߹ΛҾ͖ى͜͞ͳ͍
27. ෳ਺ͷIsola&on DomainͰ σʔλΛڞ༗͍ͨ͠ͱ͖͸ʁ
28. ෳ਺Isola&on DomainͰڞ༗ͯ҆͠શͳܕͱ ҆શͰͳ͍ܕΛ۠ผ͢Δ
29. ෳ਺Isola&on DomainͰڞ༗ͯ͠΋҆શͳܕ Sendable
30. ΠϛϡʔλϒϧΫϥε͸ڞ༗͞Εͯ΋҆શ final class Foo: Sendable { // Sendable४ڌՄ let value: Int // ෆม init(value: Int) { self.value = value } } ΠϛϡʔλϒϧΫϥε͸ঢ়ଶ͕มߋ͞Εͳ͍ͷͰɺෳ਺ͷ Isola&on DomainؒͰڞ༗ͯ͠΋σʔλڝ߹ͷݪҼͱͳΒͳ͍
31. ϛϡʔλϒϧΫϥε͸ڞ༗͞ΕΔͱ҆શͰͳ͍ final class Foo: Sendable { // ίϯύΠϧΤϥʔ var value: Int // Մม init(value: Int) { self.value = value } } ෳ਺ͷIsola&on Domain͔Βಉ࣌ʹΞΫηε͞Εͨͱ͖ʹσʔλڝ ߹ͷݪҼͱͳΓಘΔͷͰ Sendable ४ڌͰ͖ͳ͍
32. ϩοΫ౳Ͱอޢ͢Ε͹ϛϡʔλϒϧΫϥεͰ΋҆શ final class Foo: Sendable { // Sendable४ڌՄ private let lock: OSAllocatedUnfairLock<Int> var value: Int { get { lock.withLock { $0 } } set { lock.withLock { $0 = newValue } } } init(value: Int) { self.lock = .init(initialState: value) } }
33. ஋ܕ͸ڞ༗͞Εͣίϐʔ͞ΕΔͷͰ҆શ struct Foo: Sendable { // ✅ Sendable४ڌՄ var value: Int // Մม init(value: Int) { self.value = value } }
34. Actor͸ݸʑͷIsola*on DomainΛ࣋ͭͷͰ҆શ actor Foo { // ҉໧తʹSendable४ڌ var value: Int // Մม init(value: Int) { self.value = value } } Actor͸ݸʑͷΠϯελϯε͕Isola*on DomainΛܗ੒͠ɺॴଐ͢ Δίʔυ͕ݸʑͷIsola*on Domain্Ͱ࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ
35. final class Foo { // non-Sendable var value: Int = 42 } actor A { func useFoo(_ foo: Foo) { print(foo.value) // σʔλڝ߹Λى͜͠ಘΔ } } let foo = Foo() let a = A() await a.useFoo(foo) // ⛔ ผͷIsolation Domainʹ͸౉ͤͳ͍ foo.value += 1 // σʔλڝ߹Λى͜͠ಘΔ
36. struct Foo: Sendable { var value: Int = 42 } actor A { func useFoo(_ foo: Foo) { print(foo.value) // σʔλڝ߹Λى͜͞ͳ͍ } } let foo = Foo() let a = A() await a.useFoo(foo) // ✅ ผͷIsolation Domainʹ͸౉ͤΔ foo.value += 1 // σʔλڝ߹Λى͜͞ͳ͍
38. ܕͷ Sendable ४ڌΛར༻ͯ͠ ίϯύΠϥ͕σʔλڝ߹Λ๷ࢭ
39. ͦͷଞ
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