Schema & Migration操作

於 2014/12/6, 7, 13, 14 受邀於 彰化師範大學 資訊工程學系系學會 進行 Laravel 工作坊，內容共分 12 個主題：

0. 工作坊簡介 - https://speakerdeck.com/shengyou/gong-zuo-fang-jian-jie
1. 開發環境建置 - https://speakerdeck.com/shengyou/kai-fa-huan-jing-jian-zhi
2. 開發流程與工具介紹 - https://speakerdeck.com/shengyou/kai-fa-liu-cheng-yu-gong-ju-jie-shao
3. 專案啟動與設定 - https://speakerdeck.com/shengyou/zhuan-an-qi-dong-yu-she-ding
4. Schema & Migration 操作 - https://speakerdeck.com/shengyou/schema-and-migrationcao-zuo
5. Model & Seeding 整合 - https://speakerdeck.com/shengyou/model-and-seeding-zheng-he
6. 使用 Eloquent ORM - https://speakerdeck.com/shengyou/shi-yong-eloquent-orm
7. Route 機制 - https://speakerdeck.com/shengyou/route-ji-zhi
8. View 與 Blade 樣板引擎 - https://speakerdeck.com/shengyou/view-yu-blade-yang-ban-yin-qing
9. 連結 Controller - https://speakerdeck.com/shengyou/lian-jie-controller
10. CRUD 綜合應用 - https://speakerdeck.com/shengyou/crud-zong-he-ying-yong
11. 使用者認證 - https://speakerdeck.com/shengyou/shi-yong-zhe-ren-zheng
12. 應用程式佈署 - https://speakerdeck.com/shengyou/ying-yong-cheng-shi-bu-shu

完整課程訊息請見：http://www.laravel-dojo.com/courses/laravel4-first-class
程式碼範例請見：https://github.com/laravel-dojo/laravel4-first-class-example

Transcript

1. Laravel ޻࡞๥ Schema/Migration ૢ࡞ shengyou @ জࢣେࢿ޻ܥላ။ (2014.12.07)
2. ֊ஈ೚຿ • ላशৗ༻ artisan ࢦྩ • ላशݐཱ migration • ላश࢖༻ Schema Builder ݐཱࢿྉݿ݁ߏ • ಁա artisan ࢦྩࣥߦࢿྉݿ݁ߏతᏓߋ
3. Artisan ࢦྩ
4. ॄኄੋ artisanʁ • Laravel ሢሱతࢦྩྻ޻۩ɼڠॿզ၇׬੒ ೔ৗൟᘭ޻࡞ࣄ຿ɼ೗ɿ - 㗞ੜ migrationɺdump auto-load - ਗ਼շऔɺ࠷ՂԽɺ߇੍ queue - ޓಈ໛ࣜɺҡޢ໛ࣜ
5. ҝॄኄཁ༻ artisanʁ • ؆Խ޻࡞ྲྀఔɼ೗ɿ - ࣗಈ㢨๩㗞ੜ૝ཁత෺݅ୋՍɼՄҎগ ଧҰࠣఔࣜᛰ - ࣗಈ࠷ՂԽ Laravelɺ啟ಈৗ༻త޻۩ • ؆ᄸိ㘸ɼबੋҼҝ ጺ զ၇ੋߴᏈ཰త ߈৓ࢰ
6. ೗Կ࢖༻ artisanʁ • $ php artisan {ࢦྩ໊᜝} • ޻࡞๥ፊࢸ໨લҝओɼቮៃ࢖༻աత༗ɿ - env - migrate:install • ࡏ઀Լိత֤ᄸݩ㚎ɼሡґෆಉओ୊հ঺ ߋଟ artisan ࢦྩ
7. artisan env • ଌࢼ Laravel ໨લॴࡏ؀ڥ - artisan ။ճၚ໨લ Laravel ໨લత؀ڥᏓ Ꮠઃఆ • ൣྫɿ $  php  artisan  env
8. artisan migrate:install • 㗞ੜ migrations ࢿྉද - artisan ။࢖༻໨લత؀ڥઃఆ࿈ઢࢸࢿ ྉݿɼฒ҆᧋Ұݸ໊ҝ migrations తࢿ ྉද • ൣྫɿ $  php  artisan  migrate:install
9. artisan key:generate • 㗞ੜ App Ճີۚᮋ - ए࢖༻ composer ݐཱሢҊత࿩ɼଇ။ ࣗಈࣥߦṜݸࢦྩ • ൣྫɿ $  php  artisan  key:generate Application  key  [xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx]  set  successfully
10. artisan dump-autoload • ૟ඳݱ༗ሢҊ໨㑚ɼݐཱ class map - artisan ။૟ඳݱ༗తሢҊ໨લࢿྉᇄɼ ฒ೺ॴ༗ྨผٴ䈕໊၏੒Ұݸ class map ሣরදɻ(ए༗खಈ৽⃧䈕Ҋ࣌ɼهಘࣥ ߦࠑࢦྩ) • ൣྫɿ $  php  artisan  dump-­‐autoload
11. ݐཱ Migration
12. ॄኄੋ Migrationʁ • ॴ༗ሣ DB ૢ࡞తಈ࡞ɼ౎Ḥሜሣጯతఔ ࣜᛰɼಁաࣥߦఔࣜိૢ࡞ࢿྉݿᏓߋ • 㑌ݸਓ፤౸ߋ৽൛ຊޙɼಁաࣥߦ migrate बՄҎ༗૬ಉత DB ݁ߏɼए༗໰ ୊໵ՄҎ rollback ճ೭લత㐫ଶ • ՄҎ೺ሏᙛ੒ࢿྉݿత൛ຊ߇੍ܥ౷
13. ҝॄኄཁ༻ Migrationʁ • ଟਓ։ᚙ࣌ɼҼҝ৽ޭೳࣕधཁमվ DB ݁ߏɼएᔒ༗ Migration ଇଖଞਓबແ๏ ஌ಓ DB తࠩҟʀ䆋ॺ࣌ɼDB తमվᔒ ༗ل㑚ɺए༗㐫گ໵ແኺճ෮
14. DB ن֢
15. ዎኄ၏ Migrationʁ • ઌ༻ artisan 㗞ੜ migration 䈕 • ࢖༻ Laravel Schema Builder ྨผḤሜ migration 䈕త㚎༰ • ࢖༻ artisan ࣥߦ migrate • Մኺ phpMyAdmin ཫ֬ೝࣥߦޙత݁Ռ
16. 㗞ੜ migrate 䈕 ࢖༻ artisan migrate:make 㗞ੜ migrate 䈕
17. artisan migrate:make • 㗞ੜ migration 䈕 - artisan ݪੜࢦྩɼґরڅ༧త migration ໊᜝ɼ㗞ੜ migration 䈕ɼฒࣥߦ dump- autoload • ൣྫɿ $  php  artisan  migrate:make  create_posts_table
18. 㗞ੜ migrate 䈕 ࢖༻ artisan generate:migrations 㗞ੜ migrate 䈕
19. artisan generate:migration • 㗞ੜ migration 䈕 - generator ൛త㗞ੜ migration ࢦྩɼ༏ ᴍࡏԙಁա migration 䈕໊తอཹࣈɼ༬ ઌ㗞ੜ Schema Builder ޠ๏ • ൣྫɿ $  php  artisan  generate:migration  create_posts_table
20. Migration 䈕Ҋ݁ߏ • ෼੒ up / down (લਐ/ޙୀ) - up Ḥሜཁ၏Ꮣߋత㚎༰ (৽⃧ɺ႟আɺ ॏ৽໋໊) - down ੋሜ೗Կሡ up త㚎༰၏ؐݪ (႟ আɺ৽⃧ɺॏ৽໋໊) ˒ ჩߟɿhttp://laravel.tw/docs/migrations
21. Schema Builder ޠ๏ ࡏ migrate 䈕ཫḤሜ up/down 㚎༰
22. Schema Builder ޠ๏ • ݐཱࢿྉද • ॏ৽໋໊ࢿྉද • ႟আࢿྉද Schema::create('users',  function($table) {        $table-­‐>increments('id'); }); Schema::rename($from,  $to); Schema::drop('users'); ˒ ޠ๏ჩߟɿhttp://laravel.tw/docs/4.2/schema#creating-and-dropping-tables
23. Schema Builder ޠ๏ • ݐཱཝҐ • ॏ৽໋໊ཝҐ • ႟আཝҐ Schema::table('users',  function($table) {        $table-­‐>string('email'); }); Schema::table('users',  function($table) {        $table-­‐>renameColumn('from',  'to'); }); Schema::table('users',  function($table) {        $table-­‐>dropColumn('votes'); }); (ཁֹ֎҆᧋  doctrine/dbal  ౟݅) ˒ ޠ๏ჩߟɿhttp://laravel.tw/docs/4.2/schema#adding-columns
24. Schema Builder ޠ๏ • ⃧Ճ index • after ޠ๏ ˒ ޠ๏ჩߟɿhttp://laravel.tw/docs/4.2/schema#adding-indexes $table-­‐>string('email')-­‐>unique(); $table-­‐>string('name')-­‐>after('email');
25. ࣥߦ migrate ಁա artisan ࣥߦ migrate
26. artisan migrate • ݺڣ artisan ࣥߦ migrate ಈ࡞ - Ḥሜ׬ migrate 䈕ޙɼཁࣥߦࠑࢦྩ࠽ ။ਖ਼ࣜमվࢿྉݿ - artisan ။ࣗಈґর migrations ࢿྉදత ل㑚ਐߦ൛ຊ߇؅ • ൣྫɿ $  php  artisan  migrate
27. ᒾ查 DB मվ݁Ռ ৽ݐతࢿྉද Laravel త migrate ൛࣍ل㑚
28. ଖଞ migrate ࢦྩ • ؐݪ • ճ౸࠷ॳ • ճ౸࠷ॳޙ࠶ॏ䋯Ұ࣍ $  php  artisan  migrate:rollback $  php  artisan  migrate:reset $  php  artisan  migrate:refresh
29. খٕ޼ • ࡏ༌ೖ migration ໊᜝࣌ଧࡨࣈዎኄ㭎ʁ - ઌ rollbackɼॏ৽໋໊ Class ໊᜝ٴ䈕Ҋ ໊᜝ɼ࠶ࣥߦ dump-autoload ٴ migrate ࢦྩ - ೺㗞ੜग़ိత䈕Ҋखಈ႟আᎃɺࢿྉݿ 㚎ࢿྉද䜤ᎃɼ࠶ॏ৽㗞ੜҰ࣍
30. খٕ޼ • ෆখ৺೺ migration ࢿྉද࿔ᆦɺ࿔စແ ๏෮ݪ࣌ዎኄ㭎ʁ - ࢼࢼ php artisan migrate:reset - ೺ॴ༗ࢿྉදશ෦खಈ႟আɼ࠶ॏ৽䋯 Ұ࣍ php artisan migrate ॏݐॴ༗ࢿྉද
31. ଘ䈕ᴍ • ࢼஶ೺ݱࡏቮៃՄҎӡ࡞తఔࣜᛰՃೖ൛ ຊ߇੍㚎 • ྲྀఔఏ੧ɿ - working directory > staging area > commit
32. ֊ஈᒾ查ද • ֬ೝ㗞ੜग़ 3 ݸ migration 䈕 • ֬ೝ DB ཫ໨લ༗ 4 ݸࢿྉදɼ෼ผҝɿ migrationsɺpostsɺcategoriesɺcomments
33. ໰ᢛ౴ ላһՄ։࢝࿅शɺመ࡞
34. ᄸݩখ݁ • ࡏṜݸᄸݩཫɼզ၇㘸໌೗Կ࢖༻ Laravel త Migration ޭೳҝࢿྉݿ၏൛ຊ߇੍ɼ ฒሡ Blog ॴधཁత༗ݸࢿྉදݐཱ׬੒ • ԼҰݸᄸݩɼզ၇ሡላश೗Կ࢖༻ Laravel త Seeding ޭೳɼڠॿզ၇㗞ੜࢿྉݿ㚎 తଌࢼࢿྉ