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Redux+Rxを活用したiOSアプリアーキテクチャ
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yohei sugigami
October 01, 2017
Technology
10
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Redux+Rxを活用したiOSアプリアーキテクチャ
俺コン Vol.1
2017/10/02@株式会社ディー・エヌ・エー
Yohei Suginami ( @susieyy )
yohei sugigami
October 01, 2017
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Transcript
Redux+RxΛ׆༻ͨ͠ΞϓϦΞʔ ΩςΫνϟ ɹ Զίϯ Vol.1 2017/10/02@גࣜձࣾσΟʔɾΤψɾΤʔ Yohei Suginami ( @susieyy
)
Profile — Yohei Sugigami — susieyy — Twitter / Qiita
/ Github — New App Development Specialization — Clients — Folio.inc — New app developer — Wantedly.inc — Technical advisor
ɹ ɹ Reduxͱ Reduxͷ3ͭͷݪଇ(Redux Three Principles)
Single source of truth ɹ State is read-only ɹ Mutations
are wri!en as pure functions
Single source of truth / ৴པͰ͖Δ།Ұͷঢ়ଶ ΞϓϦશମͷঢ়ଶΛ̍ͭͷΦϒδΣΫτπϦʔͰදݱ
State is read-only / ঢ়ଶΠϛϡʔλϒϧ มߋ͢ΔʹඞͣΞΫγϣϯΛൃߦ͢Δ
Mutations are wri!en as pure functions / ७ਮؔ ঢ়ଶมߋ෭࡞༻͕ͳ͍७ਮؔΛ༻͍ɺঢ়ଶΛมߋͤ ͣɺ৽͍͠ঢ়ଶΛ࡞ͬͯฦ͢
ɹ ɹ ୯ํͷσʔλϑϩʔ Unidirectional Data Flow
None
POINT ༧ଌՄೳͳܗͰίʔυΛએݴతʹߏԽ͢Δ͜ͱ - ༧ଌՄೳ - ঢ়ଶΛҰݩతʹཧ - ঢ়ଶมԽγʔέϯγϟϧ - ෭࡞༻ͱͷ
- એݴత - ঢ়ଶมԽͷىҼ͕໌ࣔత ʢ ActionΛDispatch ʣ - ঢ়ଶมԽ७ਮؔ
ReduxΛͳʹͰ࣮͢Δ͔ — ຊՈReduxͷεςοϓ318ͱඇৗʹগͳ͍ — ࣮ΛࢀߟʹࣗͰϙʔςΟϯά͢Δ͜ͱՄೳͳྔ — ϥΠϒϥϦ͍͔࣮ͭ͘͞Ε͍ͯΔͷͰݕ౼ͯ͠ΈΔ
ReduxܥϥΠϒϥϦ — ReSwift ˒4,247 — ReactiveReSwift ˒71 — KATANA ˒
1,602 — ReduxKit ˒583 — Reactor ˒129
FluxܥϥΠϒϥϦ — Dispatch ˒239 — SwiftFlux ˒212 — FluxWithRxSwiftSample ˒109
— FluxxKit ˒33
ݕ౼݁Ռ — ReSwift͕Ұ൪༗໊ — ؔΫϩʔδϟʔΛத৺ʹઃܭ͞Ε͓ͯΓɺ࣮͕ͱͯ ៉ྷ — ϦϦʔεස΄ͲΑ͘ɺISSUE׆ൃ
ɹ ɹ ReSwi!ͱ ReSwi!ͷ࣮ͱར༻ྫΛݟͯΈΔ
State Action Reducer Dispatch ActionCreator
None
State protocol StateType { }
State / e.g. struct AppState: ReSwift.StateType { var timelineState =
TimelineState() var userProfileState = UserProfileState() } struct TimelineState: ReSwift.StateType { var tweets: [Tweet] var response: [Tweet] }
State — Structͷߏ — ֤StructReSwi!.StateTypeϓϩτίϧʹ४ڌ͢Δ — ׳ྫతʹҰ൪্ͷঢ়ଶΛද͢StructΛAppStateͱ͢Δ
None
Action protocol Action { }
Action / e.g. extension TimelineState { enum Action: ReSwift.Action {
case requestSuccess(response: [Tweet]) case requestState(fetching: Bool) case requestError(error: Error) } }
Action — ReSwi!.Actionϓϩτίϧʹ४ڌ͍ͯ͠ΕɺStructͰ ɺEnumͰΑ͍ — ॲཧΛ༗͠ͳ͍ͨͩͷσʔλ — ReducerͰͲ͏͍͏ॲཧΛ͍͔ͨ͠ͷछྨͱͦͷΠϯϓο τσʔλʹͳΔ
None
Reducer typealias Reducer<ReducerStateType> = (action: Action, state: ReducerStateType?) -> ReducerStateType
Reducer / e.g extension TimelineState { public static func reducer(action:
ReSwift.Action, state: TimelineState?) -> TimelineState { var state = state ?? TimelineState() guard let action = action as? TimelineState.Action else { return state } switch action { case let .requestState(fetching): state.fetching = fetching state.error = nil case let .requestSuccess(response): state.fetching = false state.response = response state.dataSourceElements = DataSourceElements(response.map({ DiffableWrap($0) })) case let .requestError(error): state.fetching = false state.error = error } return state } }
Reducer — ReduxͰঢ়ଶมߋͰ͖ΔͷReducer͚ͩͱ͍͏੍ — Reducer (state, action) => state Λຬͨ͢ঢ়ଶΛ࣋ͨ
ͳ͍;ͭ͏ͷؔʢ७ਮؔʣͰͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍
Reducer / Initialization func appReduce(action: ReSwift.Action, state: AppState?) -> AppState
{ var state = state ?? AppState() state.timelineState = TimelineState.reducer( action: action, state: state.timelineState) state.userProfile = UserProfileState.reducer( action: action, state: state.userProfile) return state } var appStore = ReSwift.Store<AppState>( reducer: appReduce, state: nil, middleware: [])
Reducer / Initialization — ׳ྫతʹҰ൪্ͷঢ়ଶΛද͢StructΛappReduceͱ͢Δ — appReduceΛىʹɺԼҐͷReducerʹActionΛϒϩʔυ Ωϟετ͢Δ
None
Store open class Store<State: ReSwift.StateType>: ReSwift.StoreType { var state: State!
{ get } private var reducer: Reducer<State> open func dispatch(_ action: Action) { ... } open func subscribe<S: StoreSubscriber>(_ subscriber: S) { ... } open func unsubscribe(_ subscriber: AnyStoreSubscriber) { ... } ... }
Store — StateͱReducerΛอ࣋͢Δγϯάϧτϯ — ActionͷσΟεύονϝιουΛ༗͢Δ — StateͷαϒεΫϥΠϒϝιουΛ༗͢Δ
None
Dispatch / e.g. let action = TimelineState.Action.requestState(fetching: true) appStore.dispatch(action)
Dispatch — ViewଆͰActionͷΠϯελϯεΛ࡞͠ɺStoreͷ DispatchϝιουΛίʔϧ͢Δ
None
ActionCreator typealias ActionCreator = (state: ReSwift.State, store: ReSwift.StoreType) -> ReSwift.Action?
ActionCreator — DispatchՄೳͳؔͰActionΛฦ͢ — ActionCreatorؔͰStateʹΞΫηεՄೳͰɺState ΛՃͯ͠ActionΛ࡞͢Δ༻్ʹར༻Ͱ͖Δ — ActionCreatorؔͰStoreʹΞΫηεՄೳͰɺ DispatchϝιουΛίʔϧ͢Δ͜ͱͰ͖Δ
ɹ ɹ ReSwi! Rx׆༻ฤ ෭࡞༻ʢඇಉظ௨৴ʣ/ ViewDataBinding
෭࡞༻ʢඇಉظ௨৴ʣ/ Asynchronous Operations ReSwi!ͷREADMEʹΑΔඇಉظ௨৴ͷྫ ActionCreatorͰ෭࡞༻ʢඇಉظ௨৴ʣΛߦ͍ͬͯΔ func fetchGitHubRepositories(state: State, store: Store<State>)
-> Action? { guard case let .LoggedIn(configuration) = state.authenticationState.loggedInState else { return nil } Octokit(configuration).repositories { response in dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue()) { store.dispatch(SetRepostories(repositories: response)) } } return nil }
෭࡞༻ʢඇಉظ௨৴ʣ/ Asynchronous Operations — ActionCreator͕ؔ७ਮؔͰͳ͘ͳΔ — ؔʹ෭࡞༻ʢඇಉظ௨৴ʣ͕͋Δͱςετ͕͠ʹ͍͘ — ඒ͘͠ͳ͍(ݸਓͷײͰ͢) —
ͱ͍͑ɺReducer७ਮؔͰ෭࡞༻Λڐ༰͠ͳ͍ͷ ͰɺReducerʹهड़Ͱ͖ͳ͍
ɹ ɹ Redux(JS)Ͱ MiddlewareͰ෭࡞༻(ඇಉظॲཧ)Λѻ͏
None
Middleware public typealias DispatchFunction = (Action) -> Void public typealias
Middleware<State> = ( @escaping DispatchFunction, @escaping () -> State? ) -> (@escaping DispatchFunction) -> DispatchFunction
Middleware / e.g. let loggingMiddleware: ReSwift.Middleware<AppState> = { dispatch, getState
in return { next in return { action in logger.info("! [Action] \(action)") return next(action) } } var appStore = Store<AppState>( reducer: appReduce, state: nil, middleware: [loggingMiddleware] )
ɹ ɹ Redux(JS)ͷ ඇಉظ༻Middlewareͨͪ
refs. Redux Middleware ɹ redux-thunk redux-sage redux-promise
Redux thunkͷιʔείʔυʢશྔʣ function createThunkMiddleware(extraArgument) { return ({ dispatch, getState })
=> next => action => { if (typeof action === 'function') { return action(dispatch, getState, extraArgument); } return next(action); }; } const thunk = createThunkMiddleware(); thunk.withExtraArgument = createThunkMiddleware; export default thunk;
ɹ ɹ ;Ή;Ή!
ɹ ɹ RxSwi! ׆༻ͯ͠ඇಉظॲཧΛMiddlewareʹԡ͠ࠐΉ
rxThunkMiddleware struct SingleAction: ReSwift.Action { public let single: Single<ReSwift.Action> public
let disposeBag: DisposeBag } let rxThunkMiddleware: ReSwift.Middleware<AppState> = { dispatch, getState in return { next in return { action in if let action = action as? SingleAction { action.single .observeOn(MainScheduler.instance) .subscribe(onSuccess: { next($0) }) .disposed(by: action.disposeBag) } else { return next(action) } } } }
rxThunkMiddleware / e.g. func requstAsyncCreator(maxID: String) -> Store<AppState>.ActionCreator { return
{ (state: AppState, store: Store<AppState>) in if state.timelineState.fetching { return nil } let s = TwitterManager.shared.timeline(maxID: maxID) .map { return Timeline.Action.requestSuccess(response: $0) } .catchError { let action = Timeline.Action.requestError(error: $0) return Single<ReSwift.Action>.just(action) } return SingleAction(single: s, disposeBag: state.timelineState.requestDisposeBag) } }
ɹ ɹ Testability
ɹ ɹ ReduxͷੈքΠϛϡʔλϒϧ ७ਮؔɺ෭࡞༻ͷΈͰߏங͞ΕΔ
— Πϛϡʔλϒϧෆม — ActionʢΠϯϓοτύϥϝʔλʔʣɺStateʢσʔλʣ — ७ਮؔςετ͕༰қ — ҙͷΠϯϓοτʹରͯ͠Ξτϓοτ͕Ұҙʹܾ·Δ — ActionCreatorͱReducer
— ෭࡞༻ςετ͕ෳࡶ — Middlewareͷ෦ςετ࣌ʹελϒʹࠩ͠ସ͑
None
ɹ ɹ DIෆཁ! Dependency Injection
ɹ ɹ ViewDataBinding
ɹ ɹ ReSwi!#subscribe
override func viewWillAppear(animated: Bool) { super.viewWillAppear(animated) store.subscribe(self) { subcription in
subcription.select { state in state.repositories } } } override func viewWillDisappear(animated: Bool) { super.viewWillDisappear(animated) store.unsubscribe(self) } func newState(state: Response<[Repository]>?) { if case let .Success(repositories) = state { dataSource?.array = repositories tableView.reloadData() } }
ɹ ɹ RxSwi! ReSwi!.StoreΛRxSwi!.Variableʹม
let rxReduxStore = RxReduxStore<AppState>(store: appStore) public class RxReduxStore<AppStateType>: StoreSubscriber where
AppStateType: StateType { public lazy var stateObservable: Observable<AppStateType> = { return self.stateVariable.asObservable().observeOn(MainScheduler.instance) .shareReplayLatestWhileConnected() }() public var state: AppStateType { return stateVariable.value } private let stateVariable: Variable<AppStateType> private let store: Store<AppStateType> public init(store: Store<AppStateType>) { self.store = store self.stateVariable = Variable(store.state) self.store.subscribe(self) } deinit { self.store.unsubscribe(self) } public func newState(state: AppStateType) { self.stateVariable.value = state } public func dispatch(_ action: Action) { store.dispatch(action) } public func dispatch(_ actionCreatorProvider: @escaping (AppStateType, ReSwift.Store<AppStateType>) -> Action?) { store.dispatch(actionCreatorProvider) } }
class TimeLineViewController: UIViewController { fileprivate let disposeBag = DisposeBag() fileprivate
let rxReduxStore: RxReduxStore<AppState> init(_ rxReduxStore: RxReduxStore<AppState>) { self.rxReduxStore = rxReduxStore super.init(nibName: nil, bundle: nil) } override func viewDidLoad() { super.viewDidLoad() rxReduxStore.stateObservable .map { $0.timelineState.dataSourceElements } .bind(to: adapter.rx.items(dataSource: dataSource)) .disposed(by: disposeBag) rxReduxStore.stateObservable .map { $0.timelineState.fetching } .distinctUntilChanged() .bind(to: loadingView.rx.fetching) .disposed(by: disposeBag) } }
ɹ ɹ Viewͷࠩߋ৽
None
ɹ ɹ ReactͰ
ɹ ɹ Virtual DOM
None
ɹ ɹ iOSͰ
ɹ ɹ IGListKit1 1 https://github.com/Instagram/IGListKit
ɹ ɹ σʔλࠩΞϧΰϦζϜʹΑΔߴࠩߋ৽
ɹ ɹ ίϯϙʔωϯτࢦͰଟ༷ͳViewΛѻ͑Δ
None
— UICollectionViewΛϕʔεʹͰ͖͍ͯΔ — σʔλ͍ΖΜͳܕͷཁૉΛؚΉ̍࣍ݩྻ — σʔλͷཁૉͷܕͰίϯϙʔωϯτΛذ͢Δ — σʔλͷཁૉൺֱతՄೳͳͨΊʹIGListKitͷϓϩτίϧ ʹ४ڌ͢Δ(EquitableΈ͍ͨͳͷ) —
ObjCͳͱ͜Ζ͕൵͍͠! — ϓϩτίϧ४ڌͷͨΊʹNSObjectΛܧঝ͕ඞཁ
final class TimeLineViewController: UIViewController { fileprivate let dataSource = DataSource()
fileprivate lazy var adapter: ListAdapter = ListAdapter(updater: ListAdapterUpdater(), viewController: self) fileprivate let collectionView = UICollectionView(frame: .zero, collectionViewLayout: UICollectionViewFlowLayout()) override func viewDidLoad() { super.viewDidLoad() view.addSubview(collectionView) adapter.collectionView = collectionView adapter.rx .setDataSource(dataSource) .disposed(by: disposeBag) rxReduxStore.stateObservable .map { $0.timelineState.dataSourceElements } .bind(to: adapter.rx.items(dataSource: dataSource)) .disposed(by: disposeBag) } } extension TimeLineViewController { fileprivate final class DataSource: AdapterDataSource { override func listAdapter(_ listAdapter: ListAdapter, sectionControllerFor object: Any) -> ListSectionController { switch object { case let o as DiffableWrap<Tweet>: return TweetsSectionController(o) case let o as DiffableWrap<[RecommendUser]>: return RecommendUsersSectionController(o) } } } }
ɹ ɹ One more thing !
ɹ ɹ ReduxDebug͕͍͢͠
ɹ ɹ ReduxDevToolsͰঢ়ଶͷϞχλϦϯά
ɹ ɹ DEMO
Conclusion ɹ ɹ ReduxΞʔΩςΫνϟྑ͍Α!