Ruby 2.0 (en)

Ruby 2.0 at Waza 2013 (English version)

Transcript

1. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Ruby 2.0 Chief Architect, Ruby @ Heroku @yukihiro_matz Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto
2. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Ruby1.8 will die soon 1/143
3. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Move to Ruby2.0 now 2/143
4. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 1.8.7 3/143
5. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Rails tragedy 4/143
6. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 1.9.0 5/143
7. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Compatibility tragedy 6/143
8. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Ruby2.0 7/143
9. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 The happiest release ever 8/143
10. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Faster 9/143
11. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Better 10/143
12. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 `100% Compatible' 11/143
13. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 February 24 1993 12/143
14. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 I started developing Ruby 13/143
15. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 The date I named it 14/143
16. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 December 21 1995 15/143
17. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 I released it to public (0.95) 16/143
18. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Dec 1996 １．０ Aug 1997 １．１ Dec 1998 １．２ Aug 1999 １．４ Sep 2000 １．６ 17/143
19. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Aug 2003 １．８ Dec 2007 １．９．０ Aug 2010 １．９．２ Oct 2011 １．９．３ 18/143
20. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 by courtesy of @a_matsuda 19/143
21. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 by courtesy of @a_matsuda 20/143
22. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 We released Ruby2.0 21/143
23. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Finally 22/143
24. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 On Faburary 24th 2013 23/143
25. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Ruby's 20th birthday 24/143
26. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 RubyConf2001 25/143
27. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 RubyConf2001 I mentioned Ruby2 26/143
28. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 RubyConf2001 new VM new GC native thread embeddable API 27/143
29. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 RubyConf2001 I also mentioned psychological barrier 28/143
30. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Version Numbers limited resource 29/143
31. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Psychological Barrier 20 years anniversary 30/143
32. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Psychological Barrier Anniversary Driven Development 31/143
33. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Psychological Barrier ADD 32/143
34. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 RubyConf2001 new VM new GC native thread embeddable API 33/143
35. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 new VM for performance 34/143
36. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 new VM Implemented by Ruby1.9 (YARV) 35/143
37. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 new GC GC performance 36/143
38. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 new GC Generatoinal GC 37/143
39. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 new GC Gave up 38/143
40. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 new GC Ruby1.9 improved GC 39/143
41. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 new GC Lazy Sweeping 40/143
42. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 new GC Bitmap marking (2.0) 41/143
43. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 native thread green thread til 1.8 42/143
44. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 native thread stack copying 43/143
45. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 native thread linking threading library problem 44/143
46. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 native thread Ruby1.9 uses native thread 45/143
47. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 native thread with GIL 46/143
48. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 native thread Giant Interpreter Lock 47/143
49. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 native thread thread safe core 48/143
50. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 native thread fine grained lock problem 49/143
51. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 native thread Compromise 50/143
52. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 embeddable API Gave up 51/143
53. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 embeddable API Compatibility matters 52/143
54. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Ruby2 in 2001 53/143
55. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Done in Ruby1.9 54/143
56. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 The origin of Ruby2.0 today 55/143
57. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 RubyConf2003 56/143
58. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 RubyConf2003 New Hash literals Keyword arguments Method combination Selector namespace 57/143
59. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 New Hash literals {:foo => 1, :bar => 2} as {foo: 1, bar: 2} 58/143
60. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 New Hash literals Done in 1.9 59/143
61. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Method combination Allowing method decoration 60/143
62. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Selector namespace Monkey patching with scope 61/143
63. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 New features in Ruby2.0 62/143
64. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 New features in 2.0 Keyword arguments Module#prepend Enumerable#lazy Refinements 63/143
65. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 New features in 2.0 symbol array literals to_h conversion method UTF-8 by default Dtrace / TracePoint 64/143
66. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Keyword Arguments 65/143
67. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Keyword Arguments Named optinal arguments No specific order Descriptive Easy-to-remember 66/143
68. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Keyword Arguments log("Hello!", level: "INFO") Possoble in Ruby1.9 67/143
69. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Keyword Arguments in 1.9 def log(msg, opt = {}) level = opt[:level] || "ERROR" time = opt[:time] || Time.now puts "#{ time.ctime } [#{ level }] #{ msg }" end 68/143
70. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Keyword Arguments in 1.9 What if you want to combin with arbitrary number of arguments descriptive exceptions pass nil as a valid value 69/143
71. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Keyword Arguments in 1.9 def log(*msgs) opt = msgs.last.is_a?(Hash) ? msgs.pop : {} level = opt.key?(:level) ? opt.delete(:level) : "ERROR" time = opt.key?(:time) ? opt.delete(:time) : Time.now raise "unknown keyword: #{ opt.keys.first }" if !opt.empty? msgs.each {|msg| puts "#{ time.ctime } [#{ level }] #{ msg }" } end 70/143
72. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Keyword Arguments in 2.0 def log(msg, level: "ERROR", time: Time.now) puts "#{ time.ctime } [#{ level }] #{ msg }" end 71/143
73. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Keyword Arguments in 2.0 Simpler More descriptive API Easy to read Easy to write 72/143
74. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Keyword Arguments in 2.0 log("Hello!", **opt) You can pass existing hash as keyword arguments 73/143
75. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Keyword Arguments in 2.0 def log(msg, level: "ERROR", time: Time.now, **kw) puts "#{ time.ctime } [#{ level }] #{ msg }" end You can get keyword arguments as a hash Unkown keywords do not raise error 74/143
76. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Keyword Arguments in 2.0 Summary Easy API More descriptive Rails prefer keyword arguments 75/143
77. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Module#prepend 76/143
78. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Module#prepend Method combination Decrating existing methods 77/143
79. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 alias method chain Decorate existing methods using aliases AcriveSupport 78/143
80. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 alias method chain class A def foo; puts "foo"; end end class A # reopen def foo_with_bar foo_without_bar puts "bar" end alias_method_chain :foo, :bar end A.new.foo 79/143
81. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 alias method chain def alias_method_chain(target, feature) alias_method "#{target}_without_#{feature}", target alias_method target, "#{target}_with_#{feature}" end 80/143
82. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 alias method chain problems many public methods spilled out accidental feature name conflict adding same feature set to classes 81/143
83. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Method combination from CLOS(CommonLisp Object System) to extend existing methods confugurable via MOP 82/143
84. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Method combination Standard combination in CLOS before hook after hook around hook 83/143
85. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Method combination Confugurable via MOP and-combination or-combination whatever-combination 84/143
86. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Method combination in CLOS Too complex for Ruby 85/143
87. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Module#prepend Simplified Method Comnbination 86/143
88. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Module#prepend Methods added by #include comes after exisiting methods #prepend put them before to wrap methods 87/143
89. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Module#prepend class Foo def foo; p :foo; end end module Prepend def foo p :before super p :after end end class Foo prepend Prepend end Foo.new.foo 88/143
90. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Module#prepend Summary Extending exising methods No method name conflict Package features in a module 89/143
91. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Refinements 90/143
92. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Refinements Scoped Monkey Patching 91/143
93. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Monkey Patching Open class Reopen existing class/module Adding methods Replacing methods 92/143
94. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Adding methods ActiveSupport 93/143
95. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Adding methods 20.years.ago # => Sun Feb 28 17:32:42 94/143
96. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Replacing methods mathn 95/143
97. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Replacing methods 1 / 2 #=> 0 96/143
98. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Replacing methods require 'mathn' 1 / 2 #=> 1/2 (Rational) 97/143
99. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Open class is so strong 98/143
100. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Any Problem? 99/143
101. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Problems Name conflict Behavior conflict 100/143
102. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Global modification is bad 101/143
103. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Scoped enhancement Refinement 102/143
104. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Refinements module R refine String do def foo ... end end end "".foo # => error! using R "".foo 103/143
105. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Other Languages Selector namespace (Smallscript) Classbox (Smalltalk/Java) Extended Method (C#) 104/143
106. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Selector namespace No one knows Smallscript Smallscript still alive? Very complex 105/143
107. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Classbox Scoped class modification Local rebinding Dynamic scope 106/143
108. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Extended Methods Can only add methods No replacing 107/143
109. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Enumerable#lazy 108/143
110. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Enumerable#lazy for Lazy evaluation 109/143
111. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Enumerable#lazy Inspired by functional programming 110/143
112. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Enumerable#lazy Functional programming wannabe 111/143
113. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Functional programming wannabe Immutable data Pattern matching Lazy evaluation Function composition 112/143
114. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Function composition sort of method chains in Ruby 113/143
115. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Method chains (1..Float::INFINITY).map {|i| i.to_s }.select{|s| /3/ === s }.first(5) This doesn't work 114/143
116. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Method chains If we had lazy evaluation.. 115/143
117. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Lazy evaluation What if we had lazy version of enumerating methods 116/143
118. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Lazy evaluation map_lz, select_lz 117/143
119. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Method chains (1..Float::INFINITY).map_lz {|i| i.to_s }.select_lz{|s| /3/ === s }.first(5) 118/143
120. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Lazy evaluation Lazy people need lazy evaluation 119/143
121. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Lazy evaluation to lazy to add _lz all the time 120/143
122. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Enumerable#lazy (1..Float::INFINITY).lazy.map {|i| i.to_s }.select{|s| /3/ === s }.first(5) 121/143
123. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Enumerable#lazy Looks better 122/143
124. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Symbol array literals 123/143
125. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Symbol array literals %i(foo bar baz) 124/143
126. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 to_h conversion method 125/143
127. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 to_h conversion method Hash, ENV, Struct to have to_h 126/143
128. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 to_i and to_int to_i for explicit conversion to_int for implicit conversion 127/143
129. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 conversion methods to_i and to_int to_s and to_str to_h and to_hash 128/143
130. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 UTF-8 by default 129/143
131. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 UTF-8 by default No magic comment needed 130/143
132. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 UTF-8 by default Unicode everywhere now 131/143
133. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Dtrace/TracePoint Better debug/profile support 132/143
134. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Performance VM GC require 133/143
135. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Ruby 2.0 134/143
136. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Now works on Heroku 135/143
137. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 136/143
138. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Ruby2.0 working under the platform 137/143
139. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Ruby2.0 and beyond I have no idea (yet) 138/143
140. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Ruby2.1 We made a 2.1 branch 139/143
141. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Ruby2.1 Coming next Christmas (hopefull) 140/143
142. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 Ruby2.1 less strict Unicode validation even better perfomance 141/143
143. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Thank you 142/143
144. Powered by Rabbit 1.0.4 　 Any Questions? 143/143