Skilled Interpersonal Communication - “Why Can’t We All Just Get Along”

Transcript

1. Skilled Interpersonal Communication “Why Can’t We All Just Get Along?” The Santiago Theory of Perception
2. “Can’t We All Just Get Along?”
3. “Can We Talk?”
4. Can We Talk About Some of the Reasons ‘Why’ “Can’t We All Just Get Along”
5. • SCENARIO #1 • HUMANS HAVE A FUNDAMENTAL, POWERFUL AND UNIVERSAL DRIVE TO INTERACT WITH ONE OTHER. • CAUSE: IF EFFECTIVE INTERACTIONS are thwarted... • Effect: “WE WILL NOT GET ALONG” • SCENARIO #2 • CAUSE: IF EFFECTIVE SOCIAL INTERACTIONS REQUIRED TO FEED AND SUSTAIN PERSONAL GROWTH AND EXISTENCE is thwarted… • Effect: “WE WILL NOT GET ALONG” Hargie, O. (2022). Skilled interpersonal communication: Research, theory and practice. Routledge
6. • SCENARIO #3 • WE SEEK, RELISH AND OBTAIN GREAT REWARD FROM SOCIAL INTERACTION, EVEN THOUGH DEALINGS WITH OTHER PEOPLE CAN SOMETIMES BE PROBLEMATIC OR EVEN CONTENTIOUS. • CAUSE: IF PROBLEMATIC OR EVEN CONTENTIOUS SOCIAL INTERACTIONS are thwarted… • Effect: “WE WILL NOT GET ALONG” • SCENARIO #4 • CAUSE: IF WE ARE UNABLE TO ENGAGE MEANINGFULLY WITH OTHERS OR ARE OSTRACIZED BY THEM…. • Effect: “WE WILL NOT GET ALONG”. The result is often loneliness, stress, unhappiness and depression (Segrin, 2019) Hargie, O. (2022). Skilled interpersonal communication: Research, theory and practice. Routledge
7. Definition: Is the seemingly innate need for relationships with others has been termed “sociation” (Wolf, 1950). Hargie, O. (2022). Skilled interpersonal communication: Research, theory and practice. Routledge SOCIATION • ‘Across time and settings, people everywhere have subscribed to the view that close, meaningful ties to others is an essential feature of what it means to be fully human’ (Ryan & Singer, 2000, p.31) • In other words, individuals need to commune with others. .
8. • To satisfy the psychological needs of competence, relatedness, and autonomy, it is necessary to have an effective repertoire of interpersonal skills (Greene, 2021). • That is, social and interpersonal skills are the means through which all human relationships are initiated, negotiated, maintained, transformed, and dissolved (Spitzberg & Cupach, 2011, p.481). #1 Reason for Sociation: “To Satisfy Our Psychological Needs” Hargie, O. (2022). Skilled interpersonal communication: Research, theory and practice. Routledge.
9. • ‘The essence of communication is the formation and expression of an identity. • The construction of the self is not an independent event generated by an autonomous actor. Rather, the self emerges through social interaction’ (Coover and Murphy, 2000, p."125). • This interpersonal being aspect of the self, shapes our sense of who we are (Bernstein and Elizabeth, 2018). In other words, we become the people we are as a result of our interchanges with others. #2 Reasons for Sociation “The construction of the self” Hargie, O. (2022). Skilled interpersonal communication: Research, theory and practice. Routledge.
10. Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. Guilford Publications Three Core Types of Psychological Needs Competence Relatedness Autonomy The competence need comprises a wish to feel confident and effective in carrying out actions in order to achieve one’s goals. The relatedness need reflects a desire to have close connections and positive relationships with significant others. The autonomy need involves wanting to feel in control of one’s own destiny, rather than being directed by others.
11. Daniel Pink: Three Core Types of Psychological Needs Purpose Mastery Autonomy Purpose can be seen as our need for there to be meaning to our actions. We want to feel that when we do something, there was a reason and that it may have some greater meaning Mastery is process of becoming skilled at something, to mastering it. It is important to us that we feel our skill is increasing in direct proportion to the level of challenge. The autonomy need involves wanting to feel in control of one’s own destiny, rather than being directed by others. Autonomy can be seen as a few things, but the core concept is that of freedom. https://www.gamified.uk/gamification-framework/the-intrinsic-motivation-ramp/
12. The Santiago Theory of Perception Daniel Pink Autonomy, Mastery & Purpose
13. Three core types of psychological needs: Competence Relatedness Autonomy The satisfaction of all three results in optimal well-being (Ryan & Deci, 2017) ‘Decades of research consistently shows that satisfaction of these needs are essential for well-being in a broad range of contexts, and when these needs are frustrated, negative outcomes follow’ (Uysal, 2020, p.123). Hargie, O. (2022). Skilled interpersonal communication: Research, theory and practice. Routledge.
14. Interpersonal Skill Components • Skilled performance is part of a transactional process • Skilled behaviours are goal directed • Skilled behaviours are interrelated • Skills should be appropriate to the situation • Skills are defined in terms of identifiable units of behaviour. • Skilled behaviours are learned • Skills are under the cognitive control of the individual Hargie, O. (2022). Skilled interpersonal communication: Research, theory and practice. Routledge.
15. Six Elements of Skilled Interpersonal Interaction: • Person-situation context • Goals • Mediating processes • Responses • Feedback • Perception Hargie, O. (2022). Skilled interpersonal communication: Research, theory and practice. Routledge.
16. Six Elements of Skilled Interpersonal Interaction: Perception • Not all information potentially available via feedback is perceived, and not all information received is perceived accurately. • The belief that we perceive and observe other people in a correct, factual, unbiased, objective way is a myth. Rather, what we observe typically owes as much, if not more, to ourselves in perceiving as it does to the interlocutor in being perceived. Hargie, O. (2022). Skilled interpersonal communication: Research, theory and practice. Routledge.
17. Questions? Hargie, O. (2022). Skilled interpersonal communication: Research, theory and practice. Routledge.