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Securing your Kubernetes applications

Securing your Kubernetes applications

While there have been many improvements around securing containers, there is still a large gap in monitoring the behavior of containers in production. That is the reason we created Falco, the open source behavioral activity monitor for containerized environments.

Falco can detect and alert on anomalous behavior at the application, file system and network level.

In this session we get a deep dive into Falco and explain the following points:

* How does behavioral security differ from existing security solutions like image scanning, seccomp, SELinux or AppArmor?

* How Falco does its magic?

* What Falco can detect? Creating your own rules and customize the existing ones for your Kubernetes applications.

* How to deploy Falco in your Kubernetes cluster?

* Reacting to security incidents, what we can do to stop the attackers in real-time?

*Post-mortem analysis and forensics on containers with Sysdig Inspect. Even when containers does not exist anymore!

Néstor Salceda

November 22, 2018
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  1. @nestorsalceda • Open Source enthusiast • Security and Monitoring passionate

    • I work at Sysdig • Daddy of twins • Kubernetes member: Maintainer of Sysdig and Falco Helm charts • Top 3 Contributor to Falco • Judo, Aikido and other Gendai Budo martial arts lover and practicioner
  2. Anomaly Detection in run-time: Falco Active Security: Kubernetes Response Engine

    Forensics: Sysdig Inspect Current challenges of Container Security Agenda Layers of Container Security
  3. Breaches may extend for days or weeks before detected Attacks

    are changing to abuse activities rather than data exfiltration (crypto mining) Ephemeral nature of containers means that in the event of a security breach you may never know Many security paradigms are still reactive Main Challenges
  4. Networking: Filtering, Istio, Calico ... Cluster Security: RBAC, Audit Events,

    Security Policies, Affinity, Network Policies ... Container Runtime: SELinux, AppArmor, CIS Benchmarks, InSpec ... Host Security: SecComp, SELinux, AppArmor, Resource Constraints ... Infrastructure
  5. Vulnerability Management: • Image Scanning: Sysdig Secure, Anchore, Clair •

    Upstream OS • Application Vulnerabilities Image / Software Origin: • Signed Images / Layers • Artifact Signing • Trusted Registries Build
  6. Secure Secrets: How secrets are stored or used? Anomaly Detection:

    Someone altered my runtime environment? Forensics: What happened if compromised? Service / Container Admission: What is allowed to run? Runtime
  7. Processes are “scoped” as to what’s expected Container images are

    immutable, runtime environments often aren’t How do you detect abnormal behavior? See containers like isolated processes Anomaly Detection
  8. Containers are highly volatile: Imagine Grisom doing CSI stuff without

    the corpse What did happen inside the container? When a security incident has already happened Forensics
  9. • Detects suspicious activity defined by a set of rules

    • Uses Sysdig’s flexible and powerful filtering expressions Behavioral Activity Monitor • Uses Sysdig’s container and orchestrator support Full Support of Containers Orchestration Flexible Notification Methods Open Source Software • Files • STDOUT • Syslog • Execute other programs • And more ... • CNCF Sandbox Project • Welcome contributions • Transparency & Governance
  10. falco_probe Kernel Module Kernel User Syscalls Sysdig Libraries Events Alerting

    Falco Rules Suspicious Events File Syslog Stdout Filter Expression Shell
  11. Filter expressions A shell is run in a container container.id

    != host and proc.name = bash Overwrite system binaries fd.directory in (/bin, /sbin, /usr/bin, /usr/sbin) and write Container namespace change evt.type = setns and not proc.name in (docker, sysdig) Non-device files written in /dev (evt.type = create or evt.arg.flags contains O_CREAT) and proc.name != blkid and fd.directory = /dev and fd.name != /dev/null Process tries to access camera evt.type = open and fd.name = /dev/video0 and not proc.name in (skype, webex)
  12. Rules - macro: bin_dir condition: fd.directory in (/bin, /sbin, /usr/bin,

    /usr/sbin) - list: shell_binaries items: [bash, csh, ksh, sh, tcsh, zsh, dash] - rule: write_binary_dir desc: an attempt to write to any file below a set of binary directories condition: bin_dir and evt.dir = < and open_write and not package_mgmt_procs output: "File below a known binary directory opened for writing (user=%user.name command=%proc.cmdline file=%fd.name)" priority: WARNING
  13. More rules implemented in draios/falco-extras repository: • Traefik • Redis

    • Nginx • PostgreSQL • ... Falco ships with a nice default ruleset for best practices: • Writing files in bin or etc • Reading sensitive files • Terminal spawning in a container • ... Batteries included
  14. Requests made by anonymous user Attach to cluster-admin Role Service

    Account Created in Kube Namespace Create / Modify ConfigMaps which exposes secrets K8s Audit Events Support
  15. Start a capture Network isolate Demisto/Phantom integration Delete a pod

    Playbooks Available Forbid that a node schedules more pods Slack notification
  16. The ephemeral nature of containers changes the rules Security offers

    us an opportunity to be proactive Containers add more infrastructure, layers and risks. But we have seen same security threats before: DDoS, Injections ... Just a quick summary